民族文化知识100条 中华文化专词历史

• 图片来源：学习强国

世人都是我的同胞，万物都是我的同伴。北宋张载认为人和万物都是天地自然之气化生的，本性相同，因此提出“民胞物与”，主张爱世上一切人和物。这一思想超越了以人类为中心的窠臼，达到了人我、物我的统一与和谐，与“厚德载物”的内在精神是一致的，是宋明理学思想的重要组成部分。

This idea was first put forward by Zhang Zai of the Northern Song Dynasty, who held that people and things are all created by the vital force of heaven and earth, and thus are similar in nature. He advocated love for all people and things in the world, and his view transcended the old anthropocentric viewpoint and aimed to reach harmony between oneself and other human beings as well as between oneself and other creatures and things. It is the same as the idea that a true gentleman has ample virtue and cares for all things. This notion is an important part of the School of Principle of the Song and Ming dynasties.

◎故天地之塞，吾其体；天地之帅，吾其性。民吾同胞，物吾与也。（张载《西铭》）

所以，充塞天地的[气]构成了我的形体；支配天地的[道]构成了我的本性。世人都是我的同胞，万物都是我的同伴。

Therefore, what fills heaven and earth constitutes my body; what governs heaven and earth forms my nature. All people are my brothers and sisters, and all things are my companions. (Zhang Zai: The Western Inscription)

（推荐：教育部 国家语委 供稿：北京外国语大学 外语教学与研究出版社）