英语做题小技巧（英语解题技巧2）

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掌握“美式发音”技巧，一个句子就GO了！

一、标题归纳题常见的设问方式

1. What can be / may be / is the best title for the text?

2. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?

3. Which one could be the best title of the passage?

4. The best / most suitable title for this text would be _____.

二、标题归纳题解题技巧

这种类型的考题考查考生准确理解全文、提炼信息、概括总结的能力。标题归纳题实质上与全文大意题一样，考查的都是文章的主旨大意，只不过这两类题型的选项形式不同：前者通常是短语或短句，后者通常以一句话的形式出现。所以，解答全文大意题的部分技巧对于标题归纳题同样适用。另外，解答标题归纳题时，还常用以下技巧：

1. 观察选项的概括度。所选标题必须能概括全文中心内容，可以是对文章关键词语的概括，也可以是对论点或各段意的综合概括。

2. 观察选项是否严谨、新颖。标题是文章的眼睛，既要严谨，也要新颖。

三、真题分析

以下内容均选编自高考真题，我们将结合上面提到的解题技巧对各题进行分析解答。

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

1. What may be the best title for the text?

A. Sound and Silence

B. What It Means to Be Silent

C. Silence to Native Americans

D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

（2016年全国卷I阅读理解D篇）

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沉默在不同文化里的具体含义。另外，沉默还可以用在医疗中。

解答本题可运用“观察选项的概括度”法。整篇文章都在说沉默在不同文化和领域中的不同含义，这与B项（沉默的含义）的表述相符。A项中的Sound在文中没有提到；C项只是文章一个方面的内容；D项虽然新颖，但强调的是沉默的价值，偏离了文章中心。

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