darpa无人机项目（开发可在低能见度条件下导航的无人机红外传感器）

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The US Defense Advanced Research and Projects Agency (DARPA) has launched a program to develop infrared (IR) sensors or “invisible headlights” for navigation in low visibility conditions to stay hidden from advesaries.

美国国防高级研究和计划局(DARPA)启动了一项计划，开发红外(IR)传感器或“隐形前灯”，用于在低能见度条件下导航，以躲避冒险。

"Autonomous and semi-autonomous systems need active illumination to navigate at night or underground. Switching on visible headlights or some other emitting system like lidar, however, has a significant drawback: It allows adversaries to detect a vehicle’s presence, in some cases from long distances away," DARPA said in a statement last week.

DARPA上周在一份声明中表示：“自主和半自主系统需要主动照明来在夜间或地下导航。然而，打开可见前灯或其他一些发射系统，如激光雷达，有一个重大缺陷：它允许敌人在某些情况下从很远的距离探测到车辆的存在。”

“Since everything—animate and inanimate—gives off some thermal energy, the goal is to discover what information can be captured from even an extremely small amount of thermal radiation and then develop novel algorithms and passive sensors to transform that information into a 3D scene for navigation,” the statement read.

声明中写道：“由于所有东西-有生命的和无生命的-都会释放出一些热能，我们的目标是发现哪些信息可以从极少量的热辐射中捕获，然后开发新的算法和被动传感器，将这些信息转换成3D场景用于导航。”

DARPA’s Invisible Headlights program seeks to discover and quantify information contained in ambient thermal emissions in a wide variety of environments, and to create new passive 3D sensors and algorithms to exploit that information, the research agency said.

DARPA的隐形前大灯项目寻求发现和量化各种环境中的环境热排放中包含的信息，并创造新的无源3D传感器和算法来利用这些信息，该研究机构说。

“We’re aiming to make completely passive navigation in pitch dark conditions possible,” said Joe Altepeter, program manager in DARPA’s Defense Sciences Office.

“我们的目标是使在漆黑的条件下完全被动导航成为可能，”DARPA国防科学办公室的项目经理Joe Altepeter说。

“In the depths of a cave or in the dark of a moonless, starless night with dense fog, current autonomous systems can’t make sense of the environment without radiating some signal—whether it’s a laser pulse, radar or visible light beam—all of which we want to avoid. If it involves emitting a signal, it’s not invisible for the sake of this program.”

“在洞穴深处或无月、无星、浓雾的黑暗中，当前的自主系统如果不辐射一些信号-无论是激光脉冲、雷达还是可见光-就无法理解环境，而所有这些我们都想避免。”如果它涉及到发射信号，那么为了这个程序，它不是不可见的。“

The program includes three phases: 1) Discovery – to determine if thermal emissions contain sufficient information to enable autonomous driving at night or underground; 2) Optimization – to refine models, experimental designs, and ensure system feasibility for achieving 3D vision at both low speeds (<25 mph) and high speeds (>25 mph); and 3) Advanced Prototypes – to build and test passive demonstration systems that compete with active sensors.

该计划包括三个阶段：1)发现-确定热排放是否包含足够的信息，使夜间或地下自动驾驶成为可能；2)优化-改进模型、实验设计，并确保在低速(<25英里/小时)和高速(>25英里/小时)下实现3D视觉的系统可行性；以及3)高级原型-构建和测试与有源传感器竞争的被动演示系统。