以公带私以私促公什么意思（为种好自己庄稼忙碌）

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历来把公私对立，水火不容；古字中却把公私融合，但八私才叫公！

汉字春风

2019-02-01 12:33:32

在中国关于公私问题的争论，自古而有之。这个问题的争论主要在两种境界内进行。

第一种境界：在神仙界，宗教界。认为公与私是截然不同，二者如白天黑夜的区别；有公就无私；有私就无公；因此，必须是大公无私。存天理，灭人欲。

第二种境界，凡间俗子界。公与私是相互联系的。这从公字里有厶，私字里也有厶，可以看出二者有相同的地方，也就是说共同的价值观。但是，公与私又是不同的，私字里是只围绕自家粮食生产而忙碌；而公字里，却是为八个厶而忙碌。

这两种境界里的公私争论，也就能够回答，我们的一切努力究竟是干什么的？奋斗者一番艰苦奋斗，甚至抛头颅、洒热血，究竟为什么？当然，要为人类的最高理想——共产主义而奋斗，但是，在为共同理想奋斗的情况下，能否也有参与奋斗的那些人得到一些个人的合法利益呢？毫无疑问，应该给予个人以合法利益的。

这里的公私两个字，特别是公字，明明白白地书写着：八 厶为公。这里的八，实际上表示的是众多的数量，究竟有多少私人的厶，才是公？得依照具体环境来定。把公与私的矛盾，局部化、固定化，是不利于把公与私的矛盾讲清楚的。比如，在一个大集体里面，要反对小团体主义；在一个大国范围内要反对地方主义、地方保护主义。所谓全国人民的利益，就包含着全国各个地方，中国范围内的东西南北中，各个省、直辖市、自治区人民的利益。这些人民群众的利益，实际上就是每个家庭、每个人的私利。国家的大公利益，就是由这13亿人民及其家庭的共同私利的集合体。

这种大公利益，不应该，也不可能完全地包括每个人、每个家庭的所有私人利益、私人欲望。因此，这些与大公利益不同的私人利益，就会和大公利益产生矛盾。平常状况：大公利益同这些与大公利益不同的私人利益可以和平共处，这种情况是绝大多数的。另一种状况：大公利益与私人利益不能和平共处，因为私欲极度膨胀，侵害大公利益，甚至严重侵害大公利益，有的走上犯罪的道路。那么，只能够用大公的力量去打击私人利益的膨胀、甚至是恶性的犯法膨胀。

私：禾＋ 厶 。Private: hehe net

“厶”，是人围着某物、某人转圈子、忙碌。在隶书中，“私”字的右半边是“厶”，左半边是“禾”，“私”字就是围绕“禾”（谷类或者稻子）转圈子、环绕的意思，也就是围绕着粮食生产而忙碌、转圈子。民以食为天，在古代更是如此。这就揭示了“私”的实质含义。

A "basket" is a person around something, someone turns around, busy.In the official script, the right half of the word "private" is "objective", the left half is "harmony", and the word "private" is to turn around the "grain" (grain or rice), which means to be busy and turn round around grain production. The people took food as the sky, especially in ancient times. This reveals the essential meaning of "private".

《说文》：“私，禾也。北道名禾主人曰私主人”。田里种植的庄稼，谷场上打下的谷子，家里谷仓里堆放的粮食，都是有主的、私人的。当然，国家、部落、村寨里也都有公家的粮食。古代的公家的东西，来自私人缴纳。

Shuo Wen "Private, he is. The name of the North Dao, Master he, is called the Private Master. "The crops planted in the fields, the millet laid down on the threshing floor, and the grain stacked in the barn at home are owned and private. Of course, the state, tribes and villages also have public grain. Ancient public things came from private contributions.

“私”字的本义：私人的、个人的、自己的。“私”与“公”相对。

The original meaning of the word "Private" Personal, personal. Private versus public.

“私”字。《说文》：私,禾也。北道名禾主人曰私主人。

段玉裁注:“盖禾有名私者也。”《高级汉语词典》：形声。从禾,厶(sī)声。本义:禾;庄稼。

The word "private". The name of the North Taoist Master he called the Private Master

Duan Yu-cai note: "cover and famous private also."Advanced Chinese Dictionary: shape and Sound. From the grass, the noise. Original meaning: grain; crops.

由“私”字组成的词组有：私奔、私产、私仇、私仇宿怨、私敌、私邸、私底下、私方、私房话、私房钱、私访、私愤、私馆、私塾、私货、私己、私家、私囊、私下、私交、私利、图谋私利、私虑、私囊、私念、破除私念、私情、不徇私情、私曲、私曲之意、私人、私人企业、私人财产、私商、私生活、私生子、私史、私事、私室、私淑、私塾、私诉、私通、私通、私吞、私占、私窝子、私下、私心、私心话、私心杂念、私休、私议、私益、私谊、私营、私有、私有财产、私有制、私语、窃窃私语、私欲、私怨、私愿、私衷、私自等。

The phrase "private" consists of:Elopement, private property, private feud, private enemy, private residence, private, private Private bags, private thoughts, breaking private thoughts, private affairs, favouritism, private music, private enterprise, private property, private business, private life, illegitimate children, private history, private affairs, private rooms, private sook, private schools, private complaints, private affairs, private affairs, Private, private. Private ownership, whispering, lust, private resentment, private wish, private apathy, etc.

“公”字：八 厶。可以理解成符合八个私人的共同要求就是“公”了。

The word "public": eight. It can be understood as meeting the common requirements of eight individuals.

一群人都有自己各自的私心；那种既能符合公众的想法，又能不失自己私利的根本利益，这就是“公”。社会是由人群组成的，人群又是由各怀私心的个人组成的。人群（比如村庄）的利益对于个人利益，是小范围的公与私的利益关系；而社会（比如大的行政区域，国家、省、县等）利益与人群利益，则是更大范围的公与私的利益关系。

A group of people have their own selfishness; the kind that conforms to the public's ideas without losing their own fundamental interests, that is, "public". Society is made up of people, and people are made up of selfish individuals. The interests of people (such as villages) are the public and private interests of a small scale, while the interests of society (such as large administrative regions, countries, provinces, counties, etc.) and the interests of the crowd are the interests of the public and the private on a larger scale.

另一种看法则认为公是背私的，“公”与“私”是根本相对立的。“公”字上面是“八”，表示相背，下面是“厶”(“私”的本字)。合起来表示“与私相背”，即“公正无私

Another view is that the public is contrary to private, "public" and "private" is fundamentally opposite. The word "public" is "eight", which is opposite, and the following is "objective" ("private"). In combination, it means "against private", which means "impartiality".”的意思。

《韩非子·五蠹》：“背厶谓之公，或说，分其厶以与人为公”。“八”，数字为八，八分其“厶”。《说文》：“公，平分也”。在一般词典中，“公”字本义：公正，公平，平分。

Han fei-zi beetle："to carry a background is called a public, or, in other words, to divide it as a public.""eight", the figure is eight, eight minutes its "net"

Shuo Wen： Male, equally divided. In general dictionaries, the word "public" is meant to be fair, equitable, and equally divided.

而作者认为前面的“公”字本义：“八私为公”，更符合客观实际、更科学。公是在私的基础上产生的，但是，不是所有的私都被公所包容；公只包容那些众人都认可的私。被视为完全没有联系、又是根本对立的那种公与私，在社会上是不存在的；在社会实践中是行不通的。

The author thinks that the original meaning of the word "public" before: "eight private public", more in line with the objective reality, more scientific. The public is generated on the basis of private, but not all private is contained by the public; the public only those approved by the private. Public and private, which are regarded as completely unrelated and fundamentally opposite, do not exist in society; they do not work in social practice.

“公”字还表示大众，众人。如公众。“公”字还表示人的男性和动物界的“雄”性。如：公子、公公（与婆婆、家母相匹对）、公牛、公马等。

The word "public" also means the public and the public. Such as the public. The word "male" also denotes the masculinity of man and the animal kingdom. For example: the son, father-in-law (with mother-in-law, mother match), bull, horse and so on.

“公”字。《说文》：公,平分也。

The word "public".Shuo Wen：Male, equally divided.

《高级汉语词典》：会意。小篆字形,上面是“八”,表示相背,下面是“厶”(“私”的本字)。合起来表示“与私相背”,即“公正无私”的意思。

Advanced Chinese Dictionary：Understanding. The small seal character, above is "eight", means opposite, below is "the net" ("private" this word). In combination, it means "against private", which means "impartiality".

由“公”字组成的词组有：公心、大公无私、公理、公式、公海、公制、公共、公安、公众、公民、公论、公开、公报、公然、三公、公子、公主、诸公、公母、公畜、公公、外公等。

The phrase consisting of "Gong" is：Public heart, selfless, axiom, formula, high seas, public, citizen, public, public