人造肉与素肉区别（仿肉将打败真肉）

随着消费者喜好的改变和可持续性的承诺，植物蛋白，如“仿肉汉堡”，对动物蛋白消费有什么影响？

2016年Biomin营养论坛举行的一周，泰森食品宣布入股植物蛋白公司Beyond Meat5%的股份，Beyond Meat是Beyond Burger仿肉汉堡的制造商。巧合的是，伦敦帝国学院教授David Hughes博士在此次活动中，发表了演讲“驱动蛋白质经济：前所未有的挑战和机遇”，讲述了以植物蛋白质替代物对动物农业的真正威胁。

Beef, for example, has long been “the bullseye of the target for many campaigners” and the effort has successfully resulted in the decline of beef consumption due to negative PR surroundingfood safety, environmental concerns and health risks (cancer, cholesterol, etc.). This sentiment created a significant opportunity for Beyond Meat to raise $180 million to develop the Beyond Burger, with backers such as General Mills, the Humane Society of America and Bill Gates.

例如，牛肉长期以来一直是“许多运动者的靶心目标”，由于食品安全问题、环境问题和健康风险（癌症，胆固醇等），已经成功地导致牛肉消费的下降 。这种情绪为仿肉带来了巨大的机会，如今仿肉汉堡的发展资金已上升至1.8亿美元，支持者众，如General Mills、美国人道协会和比尔·盖茨。

Additional examples of animal product companies dipping in to meatless territory in 2016:

2016年动物产品公司进入仿肉领域的其他例子：

· Unilever: After originally planning to sue “Just Mayo” purveyor Hampton Creek, the parent company of Hellmann’s mayonnaise decided to get into the eggless mayo game instead.

· 联合利华：最初计划起诉“Just Mayo”供应商Hampton Creek，作为Hellmann的蛋黄酱母公司决定进入无蛋的蛋黄酱的市场领域。

· Danone: The French dairy giant purchased non-dairy dairy business WhiteWave.

· 法国达能集团：法国奶业巨头购买了无奶制品企业WhiteWave。

Why are investors clamoring to get on the protein-alternative bandwagon? Is it a bellwether of things to come? The answer is yes, with hopes to profit from evolving consumer behavior and an aim to stay in touch with upcoming innovations in food science.

为什么投资者对蛋白替代品投资？它是未来的领头羊吗？答案是肯定的，希望从不断发展的消费者行为中获益，并希望与即将到来的食品科学创新保持联系。

Hughes identified the trends that will allow plant-based foods to gain market share:

休斯确定植物性食品将获得市场份额的趋势：

· Most consumers purchase food based the cuisine they are in the mood for rather than the protein (“Let’s have Chinese” vs. “Beef, it’s what’s for dinner”).

· 大多数消费者根据他们的心情而不是蛋白质购买食物。

· Millennials don’t eat three meals a day, choose convenience and are willing to pay a premium for specialty products.

· 黄金时代出生的人不是每日三餐，他们以方便为主，并愿意为特殊产品支付溢价。

· In general, older consumers eat less meat.

· 一般来说，年龄大的消费者吃肉少。

· The “green bar” is rising: Health and sustainability attributes are as important as taste.

· “绿色酒吧”正在上升：健康和可持续性属性与味道一样重要。

· Meat-free products, such as “fishless tuna,” are already merchandised next to animal proteins.

· 无肉产品，如“无鱼金枪鱼”，已经在动物蛋白旁边销售。

· “Flexitarian diets” are based on taste and options.

· 以素食为主偶尔吃点肉的人基于味觉来选择食物。

Hughes urges the animal ag industry not to underestimate the major forces with a vested interest in reducing animal protein consumption.

休斯敦促动物行业不要低估对减少动物蛋白消耗具有既得利益的主要力量。

“Plant-based proteins are going to have a big day and be a big competitor for [animal proteins],” Hughes says. “They’re targeting our competitive space.”

“植物蛋白质将有一个很大的未来，并将成为动物蛋白质巨大的竞争对手，”休斯说， “他们瞄准了我们的竞争空间。”

However, it’s not all doom and gloom. Hughes agrees with Rabobank’s prediction that meat and egg consumption will grow 45 percent by 2030, but earnestly asserts that alternative proteins will prove an obstacle to this trajectory.

然而，前途并非一片暗淡。休斯同意Rabobank的预测，肉类和蛋类消费将在2030年增长45％，但替代蛋白质将成为这个轨迹的障碍。

The plant-based and beef burger patties have very similar nutritional attributes, such as fat and protein. | Jackie Roembke

植物汉堡和牛肉汉堡肉饼有非常相似的营养属性，如脂肪和蛋白质。 |杰克·罗宾克

Beyond Burger vs. a beef patty: A taste test

仿肉汉堡与牛肉饼PK：味道测试

Trade publishing offers few opportunities for investigative journalism so, upon hearing of the Beyond Burger, I jumped at the chance weigh in.

贸易出版提供调查性新闻的机会很少，所以，遇到仿肉汉堡这一机会，我决定抓住。

Full disclosure, I was already familiar with the Beyond Meat brand because I rather enjoy its faux chorizo; however, the Beyond Burger was not available in Wisconsin. Patties are only being sold at Whole Foods in select states. So I got creative and reached out to Beyond Meat’s public relations team to request a special delivery to the upper Midwest; they graciously obliged.

我已经熟悉仿肉品牌，因为我喜欢它的人造香肠。然而，仿肉汉堡在威斯康星州买不到，仿肉小馅饼只在特定的州出售。所以我联系了Beyond Meat的公关团队，要求特别送到中西部，他们恩典般地答应了。

The Beyond Burger patty (left) clearly differs in size, color, texture and smell from its meaty opponent. | Jackie Roembke

仿肉汉堡肉饼（左）和牛肉汉堡清楚地区别于大小、颜色、纹理、气味以及肉质。 |杰克·罗宾克

At first glance, the patties resemble hamburger meat, but once you get a whiff, you know you’re not dealing with beef. The faux burgers have a distinct leguminous fragrance, much like kidney or refried beans; the texture is lumpy and fibrous.

乍一看，仿肉饼类似于汉堡肉饼，但一旦你尝到了味道，你就知道你不是在吃牛肉。仿造汉堡有一种独特的豆香味，很像肾脏或红烧豆，纹理是块状和纤维状的。

For the experiment,

I used a 4 oz. 80/20 ground beef patty -- the closest beef product in terms of total fat (beef, 23 grams vs. Beyond Burger, 22 grams) and protein (beef, 19 grams vs. Beyond Burger, 20 grams).

对于实验，我使用4盎司 80/20（80%的瘦肉，20%的肥肉）碎牛肉饼 - 以总脂肪（牛肉，23克Vs.仿肉汉堡，22克）和蛋白质（牛肉，19克Vs.仿肉汉堡，20克）最接近牛肉的产品。

Many of the nutrition facts are comparable to 0/20 beef patties with the exception of the vitamin, carbohydrate and saturated fat content. | Jackie Roembke

仿肉的许多营养成分与80/20牛肉饼相当，除了维生素、碳水化合物和饱和脂肪含量。 |杰克·罗宾克

The Beyond Burger patty is comprised of pea protein, oils and various natural binders and preservatives. One patty is 290 calories, 22 grams of total fat, 20 grams of protein and six grams of carbohydrates.

仿肉汉堡肉饼由豌豆蛋白、油、各种天然粘合剂和防腐剂组成。一个仿肉饼包含290卡路里，22克的总脂肪，20克的蛋白质和6克的碳水化合物。

When cooked, the Beyond Burger sizzled and “bleeds” (no worries, it's beet juice) much like beef. However, much less fat is expelled, there is little shrink and, of course, the smell is unique. Beyond Burgers are to be cooked to medium (overcook it and you kill it); 3 minutes of heat on each side. The patty forms a crispy outer crust which I find quite appealing.

当烹调时，仿肉汉堡发出嘶嘶声并“出血”（不要担心，它是甜菜汁），很像牛肉。然而，它有少得多的脂肪，当然，气味是独特的。仿肉汉堡将被煎到中等熟，每边煎3分钟。小馅饼会形成一个酥脆的外壳，我觉得很吸引人。

be quick on the Beyond Burger uptake. | Jackie Ro

生于黄金时代的人，注重环保和健康，他们以素食为主偶尔吃点肉，他们可能很快就会被仿肉汉堡所吸引。 |杰克·罗宾克

Having dabbled in faux meats before, I’d say the Beyond Meat patties taste a lot like its competitor, the Boca Burger, but it's more like a crunchy, chewy, fattier cousin.

吃了仿肉制品后，我想说，味道很像它的竞争对手——博卡汉堡，但它的味道更脆，更耐嚼。

Once cooked, they look very similar. | Jackie Roembke

一旦煮熟，他们看起来非常相似。 |杰克·罗宾克

So, what did I think?

那么，我怎么想呢？

The Beyond Burger is not a substitute for beef, but a firm alternative to animal-based products. In my millennial opinion, the real strength of the Beyond Burger is its comparable nutrition value and its impressive shelf life (upwards of three months). They may also appeal to folks on low-carb diets that may be looking for a little variety in their protein consumption.

仿肉汉堡不是牛肉的替代品，而是动物产品的坚定替代品。以我黄金时代出生的人的观点，仿肉汉堡的真正的力量是其可与真肉相比的营养价值，以及其令人印象深刻的保质期（三个月以上）。这会吸引那些低碳饮食的人，他们可能正在蛋白质消费的品种上寻找多样性。

Meanwhile, I think the “easy-on-the-environment” spin will resonate with its target audience as well as the other characteristics it’s touting: GMO free, soy free and gluten free (also known as the holy trinity of “clean eating”).

同时，我认为“对环境友好”将会引起很大的共鸣，同时也可以用其他的特征来吸引人：无转基因，无大豆和无麸质（也称为“清洁饮食”的圣洁三位一体 ）。

Because I did not pay for my faux patties, I had to do a little research to find out the retail price. According to an Indian School Plaza Whole Foods clerk in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the two-patty pack retails for $5.99. So, at the moment, ground beef is cheaper.

因为我没有支付我的仿造肉饼，我不得不做一点研究以找出零售价格。新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基Indian School Plaza Whole Foods店员告诉我，两小包零售价为5.99美元。所以，目前，牛肉汉堡比较便宜。

Tyson is wise to get in on the faux meat business because there certainly is a growing market for it among a certain type of consumer -- one who is happy to pay a premium for their protein.

泰森进入仿肉生意是比较明智的选择，因为这肯定有一个不断增长的市场——一定有人愿意为蛋白质付出溢价。

In conclusion, I would eat a Beyond Burger again but, for now, where’s thebeef?

总之，我会再吃一个仿肉汉堡，但现在，牛肉在哪里？

Biomin's 2016 World Nutrition Forum was held in Vancouver, BC, October 12-14.

Biomin的2016年世界营养论坛于10月12日至14日在加拿大温哥华举行。

畜牧大集网 一平 翻译

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