when和while用法区别(日积月累when与)

When和While引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,有时可互换,但条件有限,我来为大家科普一下关于when和while用法区别?以下内容希望对你有帮助!

when和while用法区别(日积月累when与)

when和while用法区别

When和While引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,有时可互换,但条件有限。

一般说来,when引导的时间状语从句谓语既能用延续性动词,也能用非延续性动词(绝大多数情况下还是非延续性动词)。when从句表明“时间点”,或说明“时间段”,意为“在……时候”。

例如:

When they arrived at the station, the train had left. 当他们到达车站时,火车已经开走了。(arrived是非延续性动词。)

Please call me when you get home. 你到家后请给我打个电话。(get是非延续性动词。)

When you saw Mary, was she with Peter? 你看到玛丽时,她和彼得在一起吗?(saw是非延续性动词。)

He was walking back to his room when he heard an explosion. 他正走回房间,突然听到爆炸声。(heard是非延续性动词。)

When it rains, I wear my raincoat.下雨时,我穿雨衣。(rains是延续性动词。)

Who will be in charge of the department when Tom leaves? 汤姆离开时谁将负责这个部门?(leaves是非延续性动词。)

I was at the baker's when I met Joe. 我在面包店遇见乔。(met是非延续性动词。)

What was he doing when you came into the room? 当你走进房间的时候他正在干什么?(came是非延续性动词。)

Sally was making a cake when her baby started to cry. 萨莉正在做蛋糕,这时她的孩子开始哭了。(started是非延续性动词。)

I was having lunch when James arrived. 詹姆斯到达时,我正在吃午饭。(arrived是非延续性动词。)

while引导时间状a语从句谓语用延续性动词,侧重与主从句的同时发生。延续性动词具有“开始“和“结束”的持续过程,可被表示一段时间(不表示“时间点”)的状语修饰,且能用于进行时态,意为“当……的时候”, 强调同一时间内一个事件发生时,另一件事如何。非延续性动词通常没有这种特征。

例如:

While Alice was sleeping, her dog started to bark. 爱丽丝睡觉时,她的狗开始叫。(sleep是延续性动词,用于进行时态。)

While I was standing outside the cinema, someone picked my pocket. 当我站在电影院外面时,有人掏了我的兜。(stand是延续性动词。)

While Mary was washing her hair, her little sister did her homework. 玛丽洗头时,她的小妹妹在做作业。(wash是延续性动词。)

Kitty entered the house while her friends were having coffee. 基蒂走进了房子的时候,她的朋友们在喝咖啡。(have在此是延续性动词。)

when和while引导时间状语从句有时可互换。但是,如果从句的谓语动作或状态发生在主句的之前,when不能与while互换。

When(While)he has finished his work, he takes a short rest. 他做完工作后,休息一会儿。(从句中的has finished先于主句的takes。)

When(While)I heard the doorbell, I went to the door. 当我听到门铃时,我走到门口。(从句中的heard先于主句的went。)

When(While)the weather gets better, I'll go there with my friends. 天气转好的时候,我将和朋友们一起去那里。(从句中的gets先于主句的go。)

When(While)Mary returned to her room, she turned off the light immediately. 她回到房间后,立刻关闭电灯。(从句中的returned先于主句的turned off。)

Joe hurt his back when (while)he tried to lift the piano. 乔试图抬钢琴时伤了后背。(从句中的tried先于主句的hurt。)

Open your umbrella when (while)you feel a drop of rain. 当你感觉到下雨时,把伞打开。(从句中的feel先于主句的open。)

when和while引导时间状语从句谓语为延续性动词时,有可能互换。若从句谓语动作或状态与主句的同时发生,且持续性长时,用when,不用while。

例如:

While (When)I was living in Japan, there was a big earthquake. 当我住在日本时,发生了一场大地震。(live是延续性动词,when和while可互换。)

When (While) I was a child, I played soccer. 当我还是个孩子的时候,踢足球。(was是非延续性动词,且“儿童期“时间长,不能用于进行时态,when和while不可互换。)

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