英语中考短语基础知识大全（中考英语常考的50个短语）

50个常考短语：

1.agree with同意..的意见(想法)：

I can't agree with you about that.就那件事，我无法同意你的看法。

2.1isten to听...：

When she arrived, I was listening to English.她来的时候，我正在听英语。

3.get to到达：

Iget to school atabout 7 : 30 everyday , and Iget home at5 : 00 intheafternoon.我每天7:30到校,下午5:00到家。

4.fall off .从....掉下:

The girl fell off the bike.女孩从自行车上摔了下来。

5.knock at/on敲(门、窗)：

There was a heavy knock at the door.有人在猛烈地敲门。

6.laugh at嘲笑：

It's not good to laugh at a person who is in trouble.讥笑一个陷于困境的人是不好的。

7.1earn..)from...向...学习....：

Bob, you should learn from your brother. He does well in hishomework.鲍勃,你应该向你哥哥学习。他的作业完成得很好。

8.live on继续存在;靠...为生：

People in my hometown live on rice.我家乡的人们靠大米为生。

9.Ⅰook after照顾，照看：

I must look after my old grandma when my parents are not at home.父母不在家时，我必须照顾我的老奶奶.

10.help...with帮助..做...：

My friend helps me with my English study.我的朋友帮助我学习英语。

11.at the end of在...的结束时，在....尾：

We are given an examination at the end of each month.我们每个月底都有一场考试。

12.be keen on喜欢，热爱，醉心于....：

I am keen on studying English. 我热心于学习英语。

13.next to挨着，在...旁边：

Who's the boy sitting next to you?坐在你边上的那个男孩是谁?

14.in the middle of在...中间：

Don't put the sand in the middle of the path!别把沙子倒在路中央。

15.work as担任,从事：

I will study science well and work as a scientist.我要学好科学，将来做个科学家。16.be responsible for为...负责：

He was responsible for making plans for the meeting.他负责做会议计划。

17.pay..for为..付钱，赔偿：

We have to pay 500 yuan for the cost of the trip.我们必须为这次旅行交500元。

18.for free免费地，无偿地：

The website provides English vocabulary to everyone for free.这个网站免费向每一个人提供英语词汇。

19.try one's best 竭尽所能;尽力,尽自己最大努力：

Students ought to try their best to learn all subjects well. 学生应该尽力学好每一门功课。

20.believe in信任：

We do not believe in God.我们不相信上帝。

21.keep fit 保持健康：

We must do sports to keep fit.我们必须参加体育锻炼，保持身体健康。

22.get on well with…和…睦相处：

We all get on well with each other here in the school.我们大家在学校里都和睦相处。

23.the same...as.... 和.相同的...：

I feel the same as you.我与你有同样的感受。

24.no longer 不再：

He has been a famous musician for a long time, but he plays nolonger.他成为有名的音乐家已很久了,但他现在不演奏了。

25.instead of代替..而不..：

They must go out and play balls instead of staying at home.他们必须走出去打打球，而不是呆在家里。

26.get away走开,离开逃走：

I hope to get away early in the morning.我希望一 早就动身离开。

27.break...down打破/损坏...：

The robbers broke the door down.强盗们把门砸开了。

28.in addition to除...外(还.....）：

She can speak French and Japanese in addition to English. :除英语外,她还会讲法语和日语。

29.be angry with生(某人)的气：

My teacher was angry with me because I was late for school.我的老师对我很生气，因为我上学迟到了。

30.happen to碰巧：

I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。

31.be unaware of没有意识到：

He seemed to be unaware of the trouble he was causing.他似乎还没有意识到自己惹起的麻烦。

32.depend on依靠，取决于：

My success depends on myfriends' help.我的成功是依靠我的朋友们的帮助。

33.for the time being暂且

She's staying with her aunt for the time being.她暂时住在她姨妈那里。

34.be pleased with对...感到满意：

We are sure you will be pleased with our products.我们确信您会对我们的产品感到满意的。

35.take charge of负责，掌管：

My mother tries to take charge of everything in our shop.母亲试图管理商店里的所有事务。

36.break into闯入,强行进入，破门而入：

We had to break into the house as we had lost the key.因为我们弄丢了钥匙,所以不得不破门而入。

37.make mistakes犯错误：

A computer sometimes will make mistakes.电脑有时候也会犯错误。

38.rush down冲下来：

When it rains heavily , water can rush down the sides of mountains.如果雨下得很大，雨水就能顺着山冲下来。

39.make jokes about开玩笑，取笑某人：

They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子取笑我。

40.along with和...一起,随着,除..以外(还)：

The boy came along with his parents and visited the museum.那个男孩与父母一道参观了博物馆。

41.succeed in在某方面取得成功：

At last he succeeded in climbing up the difficult mountain.他终于成功地登上了这座难以攀登的山峰。

42.be made of .....成(看得见原材料)：

The desk is made of wood.这张桌子是由木头制成的。

43.be made from由..制成(看不见原材料)：

Wine can be made from rice , sweet potato ，wheat and grape酒可以用大米、番薯、小麦、葡萄制成。

44.feel like想要：

She really feels like having a talk with him about his study at school. 她的确想和他谈一下他在学校的学习情况。

45.take care of照顾，照料：

P1ease take care of the baby for me for a while , will you?请替我照顾一下这孩子,好吗?

46.trade in做买卖：

They traded in tea with Chinese.他们同中国人做茶的生意。

47.in no time很快：

He'll be back in no time.他很快就会回来。

48.sell out卖完

He decided to sell out all the clothes in his shop cheaply.他决定便宜卖掉店里的所有服装。

49.take pleasure in从...中 所获得乐趣：

Mary takes pleasure in watching TV for one hour every day.玛丽以每天看1小时电视为乐。

50.all one's life一.辈子：

He lived in the countryside all his life. 他一辈子都生活在乡下。

100组易混词汇：

1. clothes, cloth, clothing：

clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数，cloth 指布,为不可数名词，clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. amount, number：

amount后接不可数名词，number 后接可数名词→ a number of students许多学生

3. sound, voice, noise：

sound自然界各种各样的声音, voice人的噪音, noise噪音→I hate the loud noise outside.

4. cause, reason：

cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因 ,后接of sth./doing sth , reason 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth.

the reason for being late

5. exercise, exercises, practice：

exercise运动,锻炼(不可数)，exercises练习(可数) , practice (反复做的)练习

Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧

6. officer, official：

officer部队的军官, official 政府官员

an army officer

7. work, job：

二者均指工作。work 不可数, job可数.

a good job

8. cook, cooker：

cook厨师, cooker厨具

He is a good cook.

9. problem, question：

problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise .

question常和疑问连系,多和ask, answer连用.

10. a number of, the number of：

a number of许多,谓语动词用复数。

the number of...的数目，谓语动词用单数。

The number of students is increasing.

11. chick, chicken：

二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉

The chicken is delicious.

12. trip, journey, travel, voyage：

travel是最常用的, trip 指短期的旅途, journey指稍长的旅途, voyage指海上航行

a three-day trip

13. in front of, in the front of：

in front of范围外的前面,

in the front of范围内的前面

In the front of the room sits a boy.

14. three of us, the three of us：

three of us我们(不止三个)中的三个, the three of us我们三个(就三个人)

The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

15. by bus, on the bus：

by bus表手段,方式,不用冠词,

on the bus表范围，

They went there by bus.

16. for a moment, for the moment

foramoment片刻，一会儿，

for the moment暂时，一时

Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

17. in a word, in words：

ina word总之,一句话，in words口头上

In a word, you are right.

18. in place of, in the place of：

in place of代替，in the place of在..地方

A new building is built in the place of the old one.

19. go to sea, by sea, by the sea：

go to sea当海员,出航,by sea乘船,由海路，by the sea在海边go by sea

20. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher：

the doctor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师。

21. in office, in the office：

in office在职的, in the office在办公室里

He is in office, not out of office.

22. in charge of, in the charge of：

in charge of管理, 负责照料，in the charge of ....照料。

He is in charge ofthe matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

23. out of question, out of the question：

out of question毫无疑问的, out of the question不可能的

24. a second, the second：

a second又一,再一，the second第二...

He won the second prize.

25. by day, by the day：

by day白天, by the day按天计算

The workers are paid by the day.

26. it, one：

it同一物体,one同类不同一

I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.

27. none, nothing, no one：

none强调有多少, nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物, no one指人

--- How many../How much...

--- None.

28. other, another：

other后接名词复数, another后接名词单数other students, another student

29. not a little, not a bit：

not a little非常, not a bit一点也不

I'm not a bit tired.我一点儿也不累。

30. many, much, a lot of：

many和可数名词连用, much和不可数名词连用, a lot of可数,不可数均可,但不用于否定句

I haven't many books.

31. no, not：

no=not a/any （no friend=not a/any friend） （no water=not any water）

32. no more than, not more than：

no more than相当于only,仅仅，只有，

not more than至多,不超过

33. tall, high：

tall常指人或动物, high常指物体

He is tall.

34. fast, quickly：

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点, quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快。

run fast, answer the question quickly

35. high, highly：

high具体的高, highly抽象的高,高度的

think highly of

36. sleeping, asleep, sleepy：

sleeping正在睡觉, asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语, sleepy困的,有睡意的

a sleeping baby. /The baby is asleep. /I'm sleepy.

37. respectful, respectable：

respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的（be respectful to the aged）

38. pleasant, pleased, pleasing：

pleasant常用作定语, pleased, pleasing 常用作表语, pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物→

a pleasant trip /The trip is pleasing.

39. close, closely：

close接近,靠近, closely 紧紧地,紧密地closely connected, stand close

40. il, sick：

ill做表语,sick定语,表语均可（a sick boy）。

41. good, well：

good形容词, well副词，但指身体状况是形容词。

He is well again.

42. hard, hardly：

hard努力, hardly几乎不

work hard努力学习/工作

I can hardly believe it.

43. late, lately：

late迟,晚，lately 最近,近来

I haven't seen him lately.

44. living, alive, live, lively：

living, alive, live均为活着的, living 定表均可, alive定表均可,定语后置, live 只能做定语, lively意为活泼的

all the living people=all the people alive

45. excited, exciting：

excited使人兴奋的, exciting令人兴奋的

I'm excited.

The news is exciting.

46. deep, deeply：

deep具体的深, deeply抽象的深，深深地deeply moved, dig deep

47. before long, long before

before long不久以后, long before很久以前

not long before = before long

48. instead, instead of：

instead是副司, 放在句首或句末, instead of是介司短悟, 放在句中。

He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV.

He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

49. too much, much too：

too much后接不可数名司,

much too后接形容同much too heavy

50. raise, rise：

raise及物动词, rise不及物动词：

The sun rises in the east.

51. bring, take, carry, fetch：

bring拿来, take带走, carry 随身携带, fetch去取回（往返动作）fetch a box of chalk

52. spend, take, pay, cost：

spend人做主语,花钱,花吋旬; spend..on sth./in doing sth; take物做主珸,花时间;pay人做主梧,花钱,pay for;cost物做主，花钱。

53. join, join in, take part in：

join加入某个组织,并成カ其中的一员 ; join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in ; take part in参加大型的活动

He joined the army five years ago.

54. leave, leave for：

leave离开, leave for前往

He left Bejjing for Shanghai.

55. used to, be used to：

used to过去常常,be used to习惯于,后接sth./doing sth. ;被用来,后接do sth.

He is used to getting up early.

56. win, lose, beat：

win后接sth. ,反义词为lose, beat后接sb.

win the game, beat them

57. live on, live by：

live on以..为主食，live by靠..谋生live on fish/ live by fishing

58. lose, miss：

lose失去(具体的物体) , 错过sth. is lost, lose the chance↓miss想念,错过sth. is missing, miss the chance

59. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厌烦... ,be tired with/from因为..而累了be tired with/from running800 meters

60. care about, care for

care about关心，计较,在乎, 一般多用于否定句中; care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意

He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.

61. feed, raise：

feed喂养,养活,饲养(to give food to)，raise 饲养,养育(cause to grow, bringup children) raise the family

62. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算想要做某事,mean doing意思是,意味着By this I mean giving

the students more practice.

63. a girl, one girl：

a girl可泛指所有女孩one girl 一个女孩Can one girl carry such a big box?

64. in place of, in the place of：

in place of代替,in the place of在.地方A new building is built in the place ofthe old one.

65. in secret, in the secret：

in secret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地，一般用作状语;

in the secret 知道内情,知道秘密,一般用作表语

My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

66. take a chair, take the chair：

take a chair相当于sit down坐下,

take the chair开始开会

67. die from, die of：

die from表示死于(枪)伤，虚弱，过度劳累,饮食过度等,

die of表示死于疾病,饥饿，寒冷,年老,忧愁，失恋等精神因素

die of hunger and cold

68. pay for, pay back, pay off：

pay for为..付钱, pay back还钱,但不一定还清, pay off还清pay for the book,pay off the debt

69. arrive, get, reach：

arrive不及物动词,后接in (大地点) , at(小地点) , get不及物动词后接to , reach及物动词。

arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing.

70. manage, try：

manage to do设法做成了某事,

try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功

He tried topass the exam, but he failed.

71. be familiar to, be familiar with：

be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的,

be familiar with某人熟悉某物

The book is familiar to me.

I'm familiar with the book.

72. agree with, agree to, agree on：

agree with同意某人, agree to同意某事, agree on在...上达成一致意见， 主语是复数

agree with you, agree to the plan.

73. receive, accept：

receive收到某一东西,但不一定接受, accept接受.

I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

74. wear, put on, dress：

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等可用进行时,dress 接人,be dressed in, put on表动作

It's cold outside.

Put on your warm clothes.

75. listen, hear：

listen强调动作, hear强调结果I listened, but I heard nothing.

76. look, see, watch：

look看的动作, see看的结果, watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展。watch TV

77. lie, lay：

lie躺,位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied) , lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book

78. hurt, injure, wound：

hurt感情上受伤,injure 事故中受伤,wound战争中受伤

He was wounded in the war.

79. turn, get, grow：

turn表突变,后常接表颜色的词, get强调变的结果, grow强调过程,逐渐的变化。

turn yellow, get tired, grow big

80. happen, take place：

happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生, take place必然性的发生

Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

81. at, in (表地点)：

at小地点, in大地点

arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai

82. increase to, increase by：

increase to增长到... , increase by增长了..

The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.

83. since, for (完成时间状语)：

since接时间点或一句话, for 接一段时间

for three years, since 3:00

84. on earth, on the earth, in the earth：

on earth在世上,在人间，到底，究竟,一点也不，on the earth在地上,在地球上, in the earth在地下,在泥土里.

85. in surprise, to one's surprise：

in surprise惊奇地, to one's surprise使某人吃惊的是,

86. in the air, on the air, in the sky：

in the air正在酝酿中,on the air播送,广播,in the sky在天空中

His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.

87. through, across：

through穿越空间, across在...上穿过through the forest, across the desert

88. on the way, in the way：

on the way在前往的路上, in the way挡路

The chair is in the way.

89. above, on, over：

above在上面,不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方fly over the hill

90. until, not..until：

until到..为止，no..until 直到...才(常跟点动词连用)

I waited until 3:00.

He didn't come until 3:00.

91. besides, except, except for：

besides除了..还(包括在内) except除了(不包括在内) , except for整体...除了某一点以外

The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

92. whether, if：

当是否解时,只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换,其余都用whether ,当如果解时用

if I don't know if/whether he will come.

If he comes, I'll let you know.

93. because, since, as, for：

原因由强到弱为:because, since/as, for.在句中的位置如下：

1...because... 2)Since... ..3) .. for...

Since I was iⅠl, I didn't go.

94. when, as, while (表时间)：

when从句动词点动词,持续性动词均可,as重在表示动作同时发生,伴随进行,while从句动词为持续性动词。

While I slept, a thief broke in.

95. the same...as, the same...that：

the same..as和..一样的(相似但不同一)，the same…that同一物体

This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支笔)

96. as well, as well as：

as well也,常放于句末,和and连用表示既..又; as well as并列连词,不但...而且...

He is a professor, and a writer as well.

97. such...as, such...that：

suc...as像..样的, suc..that如...以至于

He is not such a fool as he looks like.

He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.

99. because, because of：

because连词,连接两句话,because of介词短语,后接词或短语。

He didn't go to school because of his ilness.

100. in order that, in order to：

表目的, in order that后接句子, in order to后接动词原形。

I got up early inorder to catch the first bus.

I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.

,