最容易读错的英语词（怎么分清楚这几组让人挠头的易混淆英语词语）

英语里，在没有语境的情况下，很多近义词的意思基本上一致，几乎无法分清相互之间的区别，让人雌雄莫辨。

此前连载的三篇易混淆谬词语的分析如下：

来看，怎么分清楚这几组让人挠头的易混淆英语词语

来看，怎么分清楚这几组让人挠头的易混淆英语词语（II）

来看，怎么分清楚这几组让人挠头的易混淆英语词语（III）

6. award, reward, prize这一组词都和“奖”有关。

这三个词不管是作动词，还是做名词，意思都很相近，很难区别开。

简单说来，当作名词，prize“奖赏，奖品”，尤指在比赛竞赛中获得的荣誉；award常指奖金，奖品；reward则指为某项劳动或行为所付的酬金。

AWARD

An award is a prize or certificate that a person is given for doing something well.

奖；奖品；奖状

例句：

She presented a bravery award to schoolgirl Caroline Tucker.

她向女学生卡罗琳·塔克颁发了英勇奖状。

Sue and John were especially thrilled with this award.

休和约翰对于获得这个奖项感到兴奋不已。

She went to New York to receive the award in person.

她亲自前往纽约领奖。

另外，prize还有“（作为奖励的）加薪”的意思，即

A pay award is an increase in pay for a particular group of workers.

例句：

...this year's average pay award for teachers of just under 8%.

今年教师平均加薪幅度将近8%

REWARD

A reward is something that you are given, for example because you have behaved well, worked hard, or provided a service to the community.

奖励、奖赏

例句：

A bonus of up to 5 per cent can be added to a pupil's final exam marks as a reward for good spelling, punctuation and grammar.

小学生期末考试的分数最多可以加5分，作为对其拼写、标点和语法正确的奖励。

He was given the job as a reward for running a successful leadership bid.

因为成功组织了领导职位竞选活动，他得到了这份工作。

另外，reward还可以是“报答；回报；酬谢”，即

The rewards of something are the benefits that you receive as a result of doing or having that thing.

通常指因做了某一件事或提供了某种服务而应得到报酬或酬谢，其后一般以人或人的行为作宾语。后跟with用来说明以何物作为报酬。

例句：

The company is only just starting to reap the rewards of long-term investments.

这家公司才刚刚开始收获长期投资的回报。

Potentially high financial rewards are attached to senior hospital posts.

当上医院的高级职员就有可能享受丰厚的经济报酬。

They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers.

他们奖给优胜者一些水果和鲜花。

PRIZE

A prize is money or something valuable that is given to someone who has the best results in a competition or game, or as a reward for doing good work.

奖品；奖赏；奖金

例句：

The boys competed with each other for the prize.

那些男孩子为赢得奖品而互相竞争。

You must claim your prize by telephoning our claims line.

您必须通过拨打我们的领奖电话来领取奖品。

He won first prize at the Leeds Piano Competition.

他在利兹国际钢琴比赛中荣获一等奖。

7、aware, conscious,sensible这一组词都与“意识”有关。

AWARE

If you are aware of something, you realize that it is present or is happening because you hear it, see it, smell it, or feel it.

知道的，意识到的，

强调感官对外界事物的意识。

例句：

Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health.

吸烟者们都很清楚吸烟对其自身健康的种种危害。

CONSCIOUS

If you are conscious of something, you notice it or realize that it is happening.

有意识的，注意到的，

一般指内心所意识到的，即接受到外界的信息后，在大脑里形成了明确的判断。

例句：

I was not conscious of having made a mistake.

我没意识到犯了错误。

He was conscious of the faint, musky aroma of after-shave...

他注意到了须后水淡淡的麝香味。

She was very conscious of Max studying her.

她非常清楚马克斯在仔细端详她。

另外，conscious还有一中意思，即是“ (尤指由于不满或自觉重要而)注意的，关注的”：

If you are conscious of something, you think about it a lot, especially because you are unhappy about it or because you think it is important.

例句：

I'm very conscious of my weight.

我很在意自己的体重。

He is acutely conscious that this transition will bring with it the risk of social unrest.

他非常清楚这种转变伴随着社会动乱的危险。

SENSIBLE

Sensible actions or decisions are good because they are based on reasons rather than emotions.

(行为或决定)明智的，理智的，合理的

指感官对客观事物的反映或内心对外界不明显或过去不注意的事物开始有所认识或感知。

例句：

The sensible thing is to leave them alone.

明智的做法是不理他们。

It might be sensible to get a solicitor...

也许应该请一个诉状律师。

The sensible thing is to leave them alone.

别去管他们才是明智的。

~~未完待续～～

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