英语省略号的用法及举例说明(英语中的省略用法-详解)

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英语省略号的用法及举例说明(英语中的省略用法-详解)(1)

在英语中,为了避免重复,句子中的某些部分经常省略。"省略"不仅是一种以无为有的表达方法,更是一种简便至极, 虽无胜有的修辞手段。那么恰当的省略,使文章感到简洁,明了。

这讲里,主要介绍一下省略。

1. 简单句的省略

a) 名词所有格之后的省略

例句

1) He is going to his uncle's (house).

⇒ He is going to his uncle's.

b) 含there be结构中的省略

例句

1) (Is there) Anything wrong?

⇒Anything wrong?

2. 并列句中的省略

a) 并列句的省略是最常见的,一般说来,在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都会被省略。

例句

1) To some smile is very easy, and to others (smile is) so hard.

⇒ To some smile is very easy, and to others so hard.

b) 简单句的并列结构中也常有省略的做法

例句

1) We may go there by train or (by) air.

⇒ We may go there by train or air.

c) 并列平行结构有时会出现在状语从句中

例句

1) As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.

(此句中,前一个分句带一个As引导的状语从句,状语从句中 move away from 后为并列平行结构,their…,their…,their…在and后的分句中,the confidence后省略了is cut off.)

参考分析: 句首是as引导的状语从句,其中move away from后面接了三个并列的宾语their stable community, their friends of many years和their extended family relationships,主句是and连接的两个句子组合而成的并列句,前面一个句子的主语是the informal flow of information,谓语是is cut off,后面一个句子中,with it是状语,主语是the confidence,后面that引导同位语从句。注意:后面分句本身结构是the confidence that…. is cut off,由于and前后并列,句尾的is cut off被省略。

参考翻译:随着家庭离开他们原来稳定的社区,离开他们多年的朋友和扩展的家庭关系,非正式的信息流动被切断了,随之而去的是对在需要时能获得可靠和值得信赖的信息的信心。

3. 有形式主语it的主语从句可省略that。

1) It seems/appears (that) Joe is out,not Jack.

外出不在的似乎是乔,不是杰克。

2) It is an honor (that) I was invited to your birthday party.

我很荣幸被邀请参加你的生日聚会。

3) It's a pity (that) you can't operate a computer.

很遗憾,你不会操作计算机。

4) It is the third time (that) I have come to China.

这是我第三次来中国。

4. 当见到 "when (或if,where,wherever,whenever,as soon as,as fast as,than等) possible/necessary等"时,可理解中间省略了it is(或was)。

1) Answer this questions,if (it is) possible without referring to the book.

⇒ Answer these questions, if possible without referring to the book.

如果有可能,请不看书回答这些问题。

2) You can help us to do something when (it is) necessary.

⇒ You can help us to do something when necessary.

必要时你可以帮助我们做些事。

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