承千年精粹品华夏文化主题演讲（文明铺子双语专栏）

□陈保君（马来西亚） 邓琳娜（罗马尼亚）

一直以来，茶是广受欢迎的饮品。有些人甚至每天都要饮茶，缺了茶，似乎生活变了味一般。那茶是从何而来的呢？

茶最早出现在5000年前，传说是三皇五帝之一神农氏发现了茶。当时，他在烧开水，正好几片树叶随风飘进开水锅里。顿时，叶子香味飘香四起，他对这愉悦的香味产生了兴趣并喝了一些。瞬间，口中叶子的清淡香醇味道刺激着味蕾，一股暖意流入心头，仿佛触电般蔓延至身体的每个部分。于是，茶从此流传开来。

中国茶的种类繁多，有碧螺春、铁观音、普洱茶等等，每种茶的味道都不一样。人们可以按着个人喜好来喝茶。

有科学研究表明，茶的营养价值也比较高，其中有高达300多种对人体有益处的元素，十多种的维生素、蛋白质、茶多酚等。甚至，有些茶还一度被医生们作为药引来医治病人，可见其营养价值高。喝茶可以排毒、使人心情放松、缓解焦虑，甚至还有助减肥，预防心血管疾病等等诸多功效。

事实上，茶更是一门艺术。它不仅仅是满足人们解渴和单纯喝茶的需求。它还包含了泡、闻、品茶的结合。泡茶茶艺的“五美”，主要呈现在茶叶、茶水、泡茶时间、茶具以及饮茶时的环境背景上，这些犹如餐桌礼仪一样，非常讲究。闻茶和品茶更是一种修身养性和滋养自然的精神追求。茶艺让人欣赏以及品尝到茶之优美，也让人净化心灵、修身养性，提高品格情操。

所谓人生如茶，茶如人生，便是如此。泡茶第一道，苦如人生；第二道，香如爱情；第三道，淡如清风。一杯茶品人一生。

如今，已有60多个国家种植茶叶。茶已经跨越到了全世界，是风靡世界的饮品，联合国大会甚至将5月21日定为国际茶日。随着“一带一路”建设的推进，中国茶产业不断升级，成为一种十分重要的商品。如今，可以说，没有一个国家不饮茶，如日本是从9世纪开始认识了茶，并由佛教高僧大师留学回去后，把中国茶籽带回了日本，使得日本寺庙在日常生活中对茶无法割舍。随之，茶在日本社会中传扬开来，深受日本人的欢迎和喜爱。其中，红茶、绿茶和乌龙茶广受当地人的青睐及好评。

马来西亚人在19世纪就开始饮茶。无论是餐馆还是酒店，都可以看到茶的踪迹。而最广受马来西亚人喜爱的茶，有铁观音、茉莉花茶、菊花茶、普洱茶等等。

在西方，英国是在1657年引进茶叶，并开始流行喝茶的。英国人喜欢喝浓茶，他们喜欢一边喝着茶，一边吃着配有香肠、鸡蛋以及培根的早餐。有些英国人喜欢在红茶中增添一些花瓣、水果、薄荷等，来制造不同口味的花茶、水果茶。

法国有“茶”的概念，是从17世纪开始，比英国更早认识到茶，是由荷兰人转运引进来的。当时，茶在法国只是作为药引之用，后来法国人开始流行喝红茶，因其口感香酝可口，而受到人们的喜欢。关于茶，法国还有这样一个故事，据说曾经的红衣教主马萨林，为了医治自身的痛风而常饮茶，后来痛风症得以缓解。这件事很快就被传开来，以致富人与法国宫廷都开始饮茶。后来，路易十四也开始饮茶来缓解自身的痛风以及保持身体的健康。由此，法国人都认为茶是健康饮品，饮茶可以使人的身体健康，身心愉悦。

直到如今，茶仍是现代人喜欢的饮品。而且随着制作技术不断创新，茶产品已不再局限传统意义上的茶，品种花样更多也更有趣了。比如，现在的奶茶店，更是随处可见，奶茶也成了年轻人热捧的饮品。

中国可谓是茶的家乡，以及茶文化的发源地。茶对每个人的意义有所不同，品出的滋味也各不相同。有些人品出人生哲学、有些人品出世间疾苦、有些人品出人生百态。一杯茶，既承载着中国历史，也传承着中华优秀文化。

The culture exchange stall- Bilingual column-The fragrance of tea, spreading Chinese culture

Tea has always been a popular drink. Some people cannot even live without tea. It seems that life has no meaning. Nonetheless, where does tea come from?

Tea first appeared 5000 years ago. It is said thatShennong, one of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, discovered tea.At that time, when he was boiling water, a few leaves floated into the potbrought bythe wind. Suddenly, the fragrance of the leavesspread everywhere, and he became interested in the pleasant fragrance and drank some. In an instant, the light and mellow taste of the leaves inhismouth stimulateshistaste receptorsand awarm feeling flowintohisheart,exactly asan electric shock.Therefore, tea has spread since then.

There are many kinds of Chinese tea, sush as Biluochun tea, Tieguanyin tea, Pu'er tea and so on. People can drink tea according to their personal preferences.

Scientific research has shown that the nutritional value of tea is also relatively high, including more than 300 kinds of elements that are beneficial to human body, and more than ten kinds of vitamins, proteins, tea polyphenols, etc. Even some tea was once introduced by doctors as medicine to treat patients, which shows that their nutritional value is high. Drinking tea can detoxify, relax people, relieve anxiety, and even help lose weight, prevent cancer or cardiovascular disease and has many other benefits.

In addition, tea ismore like a form of art.It is not only to satisfy people's thirst quenching and tea drinking needs. It also includes the combination of brewing, smelling and tasting tea.“The fiveelegant elementsof tea making”are mainly shown in tea, tea water, tea making time, tea sets and the environmental background when drinking tea, just like table manners. Smelling and tasting tea is a spiritual pursuit of self-cultivation and nourishing nature. Tea art makes people appreciate and taste the beauty of tea, and also makes people learn to purify the soul, cultivate the moral character and improve the character and sentiment.

This is the so-called “Life is like tea, tea is like life”, wherethe first way to make tea is as bitter as life, the second way is as fragrant as love, and the third way is as light as the breeze. A cup of tea can lastfor alifetime.

Today, tea has been grown in more than 60 countries. Tea has spread all over the world, and isvery loved aroundthe world. The International United Nations General Assembly has even designated May 21 as the International Tea Day. With the development of current events alongwiththe Belt and Road, China'stea industry has been continuously upgraded and has become a very important product.Today,it can be said that there is no one that doesnot drink tea. For example, Japanhas the culture oftea since the 9th century andthis was developed by a Buddhist master whoreturned to Japan after studyingabroad, when he brought Chinese tea seeds back to Japan, making Japanese temples unable to use tea in daily life. Later, tea spread in Japanese society and was widely welcomed and loved by Japanese. Among them, black tea, green tea and oolong tea are widely favored and praised byJapanese.

Malaysians began to drink tea in the 19th century. Both restaurants and hotelsoffer tea. The most popularkinds oftea among MalaysiansareTieguanyintea, Jasmine tea, Chrysanthemum tea, Pu'er tea andmany others.

In the West countries, tea was introduced into Britain in 1657 and tea drinking became popular. The British like to drink strong tea. They like to drink tea while eating breakfast with sausage, eggs and bacon. SomeBritish peoplelike to add some petals, fruits, mint, etc. to black tea to make different flavors of flower tea, fruit tea, etc.

France has the concept of "tea". It began in the 17th century and recognized tea earlier than the United Kingdom. It was introduced by the Dutch. At that time, tea was only used as a medicine in France. Later, the French people became used to drinking black tea because of its fragrant and special taste, and it was enjoyed by many people. Regarding tea, there is a story in France. It is said that the former cardinal Mazarin often drank tea in order to cure his gout, and his gout was finally relieved. The news spread so quickly that both the rich and the French court began drinking tea. Later, king Louis XIV also started drinking tea to relieve his gout and for a better general health. As a result, the French believe that tea is a healthy drink, and drinking tea can make people healthy and happy.

Until now, tea is still a popular drink formany people. Moreover, with the continuous changes in the production of tea, it has stepped beyond the traditional sense of tea, and many varieties and types are more and more interesting. For example, milk tea shops are now everywhere, and milk tea has become a popular drink among young people.

China is the creator of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. The meaning of tea to each person is different, and the taste of tea is also different. Some persons are born with philosophy of life, some are born with worldly suffering, and some have to bear all kinds of situations in life. A cup of tea not only presents Chinese history, but also inherits the excellent Chinese culture.

指导老师：刘海明 王小杨