后面跟动词ing的动词口诀（动词V.ing的四种用法）

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后面跟动词ing的动词口诀

Hi, again.

你好。

Welcome to www. engvid. com. I'm Adam.

欢迎来到www.engvid.com，我是亚当。

In today's lesson we're going to look at some grammar points that is very, very important, mostly because it's very confusing to a lot of people.

今天的课程我们将要学习一些非常重要的语法知识点，因为很多人常常对它们感到困惑。

We're going to look at the four different uses of " ing" words.

我们将要学习带ing单词的四种不同使用方法。

Now, I don't want to say " ing" verb because that makes it a little confusing as well because the " ing" words that end in " ing" could be used as nouns, as verbs, as adjectives, and as adverbs.

那么，我不想把它们称为动词ing形式，因为这也会让人感到困惑，因为以ing结尾的单词可以用作名词、动词、形容词和副词。

So we're going to look at how they are used in each way.

那么，我们就来看一看怎样使用这四种形式。

So first we are going to look at them as they are used as nouns.

首先，我们来学习它们作为名词时的用法。

Now, technically, in whatever situation you're seeing an " ing" word, it's always a verb.

严格地说，无论何时当你看到以ing结尾的单词时，它一定是个动词。

But it could be used as a noun, in which case it is called a gerund.

但是它可以作为名词使用，我们称它为动名词。

Now, this is a grammar word.

这是一个语法术语。

You're never going to use this word outside of your grammar class, but in case I refer to it again:

除了在语法课上，你绝对用不到这个单词，但是以防万一，我再把它解释一遍：

A " gerund" is an " ing" word being used as a noun.

动名词是指一个作为名词使用的、以ing结尾的单词。

So if we're looking at this sentence:

我们来看这个句子：

" Wearing loose pants while riding a bicycle is dangerous" .

"穿着松松垮垮的裤子骑自行车是危险的"。

So here is your gerund.

这里面就有动名词。

So the subject of this sentence is " wearing" .

这个句子的主语是"穿着"。

The verb is " is" .

动词是"is"。

" Wearing is dangerous" , " Wearing loose pants is dangerous" , and then everything else I'll talk about in a second.

"穿......是危险的"，"穿着松松垮垮的裤子是危险的"，然后，就是我刚才说的这部分。

Now, a gerund " ing" is basically the activity of the verb.

所以，以ing结尾的动名词基本上就是这个动词的动作。

So, " to wear" means, like, to have clothes on.

那么，wear的意思就是穿着衣服。

Wearing a blue shirt makes me look taller, maybe.

穿着蓝色的衬衣可能让我看起来更高。

Or shorter.

或者更矮。

Because I'm on camera you can't tell.

因为我站在摄像机前，所以你看不出来。

Right?

对吗？

" Wearing" is the activity.

"Wearing" 在这里呢，就是穿的动作。

Smoking is the activity, running is the activity.

Smoking和running都属于动作。

" To run" is the idea of the action.

"To run （去跑）" 是引发这个动作的意识。

Now, here, this word is actually not a gerund and it's not really a verb either.

那么，这个单词实际上不是一个动名词，也算不上是动词。

It's. . .

它是……

It has the verb idea, but it is actually a participle, which we're going to talk about in a minute.

它表达的意思是动词，但实际上它是一个分词，我们稍后会讨论它。

So this is a participle, this is a gerund, just the activity itself.

那么这是一个分词，是一个动名词，其实也是动作本身。

Now. . .

那么……

So we're going to call it a noun for now.

我们先暂时把它称为名词。

Then we have the verb, the everyday verb in the continuous tense; past, present, future continuous.

然后是它的动词形式，就是我们日常使用的进行时。包括过去、现在和将来进行时。

Always with a " be" verb.

它总是跟在be动词的后面。

If you don't see an " ing" verb connected to a " be" verb then it's not a verb, it's one of the other uses.

如果你发现有以ing结尾的动词没有和be动词连用，那它就不是作为动词使用，而是其他的形式。

There's always going to be a " be" verb when you're using it as an actual verb, as an action.

如果你把它当作动词使用时，永远都要和be动词一起使用。

" The man is riding a bike" .

"这个男人正在骑自行车。"

Right now this is what he is doing, he is riding a bicycle.

这表示了这个男人现在正在做的事情，他正在骑自行车。

Oh, sorry.

哦，抱歉。

I'm running still.

我还在走神。

I forgot it. . .

我忘了……

The verb.

动词。

So " be" verb, continuous verb, easy.

那么，be动词，动词的进行式，很简单。

That's the one everybody's the most comfortable with.

这就是每个人都习惯的表达方式。

Now, we can also use it as an adjective.

现在，我们可以把它作为形容词使用。

" Wearing a blue, backless dress, the actress created quite a stir at the party" .

"这位女演员穿着一件蓝色露背礼服，惊动了参加聚会的人们"。

Now, " wearing" is your participle, your active participle.

在这里，wearing是一个分词，而且是主动分词。

We also have past participle which is in. . .

此外还有过去分词，它在……

Used in the passive form, but we're going to talk about that in a different lesson.

以过去式使用，但是我们以后再做讨论。

" Wearing" here, I'm describing the actress.

在这里，wearing是形容这位女演员。

So if I want to open it up, if I want to write it in a different way, the actress who was wearing. . .

那么如果我想改写它，用另一种形式复述这个句子，这位女演员穿着……

Because I'm in the past, so I have " was" .

因为我在讲述过去的事情，所以我在这里使用了was。

" The actress who was wearing a blue, backless dress created quite a stir" .

"这位穿着一件蓝色露背礼服的女演员惊动了参加聚会的人们"。

So the participle is just a reduced adjective clause.

这个分词就是这个定语从句的省略形式。

What I do is I take out the conjunction, the pronoun and subject, I take out the " be" verb, all I am left with is the participle.

我刚才做的就是去掉了连词、代词和主语，去掉了be动词，剩下的就是分词。

Now, because I'm. . .

那么，由于我……

I have only the participle phrase, it's no. . .

只剩下分词短语了，它……

It's not a clause anymore, there's no subject and verb anymore, there's just a phrase - I can put it at the beginning of the sentence as long as the subject of the participle is the same

它就不再是一个从句了，没有了主语和动词，

as the subject of the independent clause.

所以它只是一个短语——我可以把它放在句子的开头，只要分词的主语和独立从句的主语一致就可以。

Now, if you're not sure what I'm talking about, you can watch the video about adjective clauses, you can watch the video about independent clauses, you'll get a better

如果你不明白我讲的内容，

idea of what these are.

你可以去观看关于形容词从句和独立从句的视频，你就能明白这些知识了。

So, adjective.

那么，这是形容词。

Now, where it gets confusing is I can do the exact same thing, but I can use it as an adverb.

那么，最令人困惑的就是我可以做同样的事，但是把它作为副词使用。

" Not wanting to miss our flight, we arrived at the airport 3 hrs early" .

"因为我们不想错过航班，我们提前三个小时来到了机场"。

This is three hours, sorry, I had to reduce a little bit.

这里是三个小时，抱歉，我需要把时间减少一点点。

So, here.

那么，在这里。

Now, you've probably heard never to use the word " want" with an " ing" .

你可能听说过永远不要把want和ing一起使用。

That is true in this case.

在这个例子中是对的。

Never use " want" , " wanting" as a verb, but you can use it as a participle.

永远不要把wanting当作动词使用，但是你可以把它作为分词使用。

Now, what does this mean?

那么，这句话是什么意思呢？

" As we didn't want" or " Because we didn't want" , both okay.

"As we didn't want" 和 "Because we didn't want" 两个用法都可以。

" As we didn't want to miss our flight, we arrived at the airport three hours early" .

"由于我们不想错过航班，我们提前三个小时来到了机场"。

Now, you're thinking: " What's going on here" ?

现在你可能在想："究竟发生了什么呢？"

So here's our negative, here's our negative.

这是个否定的表达方式。

First let's get that out of the way.

首先让我们去掉这一部分。

Now, what I'm doing here, again, I'm reducing.

我现在在做的，和之前一样，删减句子成分。

Excuse me.

抱歉。

I'm reducing an adjective clause. . .

我去掉一个形容词短语……

Sorry, an adverb clause to an adverb participle.

抱歉，去掉一个副词从句中的副词短语。

We can only do this when the conjunction-" as" , " because" , " since" -in this case is very, very obvious. . .

我们只有在连词是as, because, since，且像这个句子中的结构一样使用的时候，才可以这样省略。

Sorry about that.

抱歉。

When the conjunction. . .

当连词……

When the relationship between the two clauses is very obvious we can take out the conjunction.

当两个从句之间的关系非常明显时，我们才可以去掉连词。

And we can take out the subject and the verb, and leave only the verb and make it a participle.

然后我们去掉主语，只留下动词，使它成为一个分词。

And then we have a participle phrase, and we can put that at the beginning of the sentence again.

剩下的部分是一个分词短语，我们可以把它再放到句子的开头。

So: " Not wanting" , this word, " wanting" includes the conjunction, the subject, and the verb, all of them squeezed into this participle.

那么，在not wanting中，wanting这个单词包括了连词、主语、和动词，它们都省略在了这个分词中。

Now, this might be a little bit confusing.

这有可能令人困惑。

Don't worry, I will create a separate lesson for participles.

不过不要担心，我会用另一节课讲解分词。

I know they're difficult.

我知道它们很难。

But I just want you to show. . .

但是我只想让你们给……

To show you the four uses of " ing" .

给你们讲解ing的四个用法。

So, if you see " ing" words and you're just not sure how they're used because they don't look like a verb, think: Is it talking about the activity?

那么，如果你看到以ing结尾的单词，而你又不确定怎样使用它们，因为它们看起来不像动词，你可以这么想：它是在描述动作吗？

Is it with a " be" ?

它是和be动词连用的吗？

With a " be" verb as a verb?

作为动词和be动词连用吗？

Is it describing something?

它是在描述某物吗？

Is it modifying a noun?

它是用来修饰名词的吗？

Or is it showing you a relationship to another clause, to the independent clause especially?

或者它是在表示和另一个从句之间的关系，尤其是和独立从句之间的关系吗？

Now, the most common one, and this is probably the most difficult structure, I guess, you could call it for a lot of people is the perfect participle.

那么，最常用的一个，也可能是最难的一个结构，我猜，你可以像大多数人一样把它称作完成分词。

" Having finished his meal, Tom went out for a walk" .

"汤姆吃完饭后出门散步"。

The " having" is, again, a participle.

这里的having和前面一样，是一个分词。

" After he finished his meal, Tom went out for a walk" . Same idea.

这和"汤姆吃完饭后出门散步"表达的意思相同。

It's an adverb participle, a perfect participle.

这是一个副词从句，也是一个完成时从句。

We'll talk about that in another lesson.

我们将会在另一节课中讲解。

For today I just wanted you to understand the four uses of " ing" .

而今天，我只希望你们学会ing的四个用法。

When you're reading something, you're not sure you understand, look at the context.

当你在阅读时，如果你不理解时，可以通过上下文来判断。

What is this word doing in this sentence?

这个单词在句子中的作用是什么？

Once you know that it could be all four parts of speech, much easier to guess its meaning.

一旦你知道它只有四种用法，那么就很容易猜出它的含义。

Good.

好的。

So I hope you like that.

希望你喜欢我的课程。

Please subscribe to my YouTube channel.

请订阅我的优兔频道。

And if you have any questions about this lesson, please go to www. engvid. com, join the forum there.

如果你对这个课程有任何问题，请访问www.engvid.com，参加到论坛中。

You can ask me questions.

你可以向我咨询问题。

You can also take the quiz on www. engvid. com.

也可以在www.engvid.com上参加测试。

And yeah, I'll see you again soon.

当然，我们很快就会再见面。

Bye-bye.

再见。

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