高考英语重要词汇短语解析（高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法第九天）

今天是第九天长难句分析了，长难句，对于高中还是大学，都是一大难题，今天老师继续跟大家一起来学习长难句，天天一小步，量变引起质变，大家一起加油吧。

25.Having identified the target group, researchers find out as much as possible about those in the target group, such as their likes and dislikes, and how the product would fit into their lives.

【句式翻译】明确了广告的目标群体后，研究人员就会尽量获取这个群体的有关信息，例如他们的好恶，以及如何使产品适应他们的生活。

【句式分析】本句是复合句，how在句中引导定语从句，Having identified the target group是现在分词的完成形式作状语。

【词语点拨】identify vt. 识别，认出

Could you identify your bike among a hundred others.

你能从100自行车中认出你的那一辆吗？

The bad weather is identified as the possible cause of the accident.

坏天气被认为可能导致了这个事故。

【语法点拨】having done可以作状语，此时，它代表的动作发生在句子谓语动作之前，它的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致。如：

Not having tried his best, he failed in the exam.

由于没有尽最大努力，他这次考试没能通过。

Having knownthe situation well, they could deal with the problem efficiently.

由于对形势的深刻了解，他们有效地处理了问题。

26.Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her.

【句式翻译】拉拉沿着回洞穴的路走着，听到狼群在森林里嚎叫，她的步伐加快了，担心会有野兽在等者伏击她。

【句式分析】本句是复合句，that引导宾语从句，Having heard 和fearing…在句中作状语。

【词语点拨】1)accelerate v. 加快，加速

In order to catch up with and surpass the advanced world levels we’ll have to accelerate our speed.

要赶超世界先进水平，我们还得快马加鞭。

Sunshine, fresh air, and rest often acceleratea person's recovery from sickness.

阳光 、 新鲜空气和休息常会促使病人早日康复。

2)lie vi.平躺；位于（lay, lain）；撒谎（lied, lied）；n.撒谎

The factory lies to the west of town.

工厂在小镇的西边。

David felt tired, so he went and lay down for a rest.

戴维感到疲劳，所以去躺下休息了。

His books lay open on the desk when I went in.

我进去时，发现他的书平摊在书桌上。

Richard wasn’t telling the truth. He was lying.

理查德没讲实话，他在撒谎。

The only way to meet the manager is to lie in wait for him as he leaves one of his meetings.

找到这个经理的唯一办法是，等着他从会议结束出来。

【语法点拨】1)having done作状语：具体用法参见第25句。

2）现在分词作状语：

①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如：

Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.

他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。

My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there.

我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。

The child fell，striking his head against the door.

小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。

In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。

Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom.

因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。

②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that（假设）等。如：

Talking of this film, it’s wonderful.

说到这部电影，好极了。

Assuming that it is true, what should we do now?

假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办?

Judging bythe direction of the wind, it won’t rain today.

根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。

Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。

27.Having scared the little beings, I began struggling to get loose and managed to break the strings that tied my left arm and slightly moved the strings that tied down my hair.

【句式翻译】吓跑了小人，我开始挣扎以使绳子松开，终于挣断了绑着左臂的绳子，并轻轻地解开绑着头发的绳子。

【句式分析】本句是复合句，两个that在从句中都引导定语从句，修饰先行词the strings，Having scared…在句中作状语，to break…作manage的宾语。

【词语点拨】struggle vi. 搏斗; 挣扎；争取 n.打斗；挣扎；斗争

The climbers struggled against the strong wind and finally reached the top of the mountain.

登山者在强风中艰难的行走，最终到达山顶。

They struggled to get out of the burning building.

他们艰难地逃离了着火的大楼。

With a struggle, I managed to control my feelings.

经过一番斗争，我把情绪控制住了。

【语法点拨】1)having done作状语，具体用法参见第25句。

2)不定式to do常跟在下列动词后作宾语：ask, agree, beg, begin, start, wish, choose, decide, expect, fail, hope, manage, seek, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, would/should like等。如：

His parents choose to livein the countryside.

他的父母决意在乡下居住。

We agreed to meet here, but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.

我们约定在这里见面，但是到现在她还没露面。

Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?

明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？

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