人教版八年级英语上册第5单元语法(人教版八年级英语上册Unit5)

人教版八年级英语上册第5单元语法(人教版八年级英语上册Unit5)(1)

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?

一.重点单词和短语:

Ⅰ.Idon’tmind them.我不介意他们。

mind:n头脑、想法changeone’smind改变主意makeupone’smind下决心

mind:v介意;在乎。多用于以下句型:(表示请求或征求意见)

Would you mind doing…?

Do you mind my dog?

【典型例题】

1.—Would you mind turning down the music?

— _____________.

A. Not at all.

B. Never mind

C. Yes, I will.

D. No, I don’t mind.

【答案】A

考点:考查日常用语的用法。

2.--- Would you mind _______ me the way to Times Square?

--- _______. I’m new here.

A. to show; Of course not.

B. showing;I’m afraid not

C. to showing; Not at all

D. showing; Never mind

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:---你介意指给我去时代广场的路怎么走吗?--恐怕不行,我也是新来的。此题考查wouldmind doing sth介意做某事,根据句意,应选B。

考点:考查非谓语动词。

2.happen

Sth happen 时间/地点某时/地发生了什么

Sth happen to sb某人出了某事(不好的事情)

Sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事

It happened that碰巧发生某事

【典型例题】

1.What ________if there ______ no water or air on the earth?

A .happen,is

B. will happen, is

C. will happen,will be

D. happen ,are

【答案】B

考点:if引导条件状语从句的时态

2.What_____just now?

A. did he happen

B. did happen to him

C. happen to him

D. happened to him

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果地球上没有水和空气,将会发生什么?just now刚才,一般过去时标志。某人发生了某事情,固定搭配 what happened to sb。

考点:考查hapen的用法

3.be famous for, 因为……而出名,后接闻名的原因,与be well-knownfor 同义。

This place is famous for its cotton.

这个地方以出产棉花而出名。

be famous as, 作为……而闻名 ,后接表示职位、名称等的词,与be well-known as 同义.

Jet Li is famous as a actor in the world.

李连杰是世界上著名的演员。

be famous to, 为……所熟知,后接某部分人。

This singer is famous to lots of old people.

许多老人都熟知这位歌手。

【典型例题】

1.Sanya is famous ______ its beautiful beaches.

A. of B.for C. as D. out

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:三亚以他美丽的沙滩而闻名。根据动词短语be famous for表示因……而闻名,故选B

考点:考查动词短语。

1.辨析lookfor,find,find out这三个词都有“找”的涵义,但具体用法有别:

A. look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。如:

—What are you looking for?

你在找什么?

—I'm looking for my bike.

我在找我的自行车。

B. find意为“找到”“发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。如:

—Did you find Li Ming yesterday?

你昨天找到李明了吗?

—No,we looked for him everywhere,but didn't find him

没有,我们到处找了.但没有找到

C.find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情,其后 的宾语常常是某个情况、事实。

如:

Please find out when the train leaves.

请查一下火车什么时候离站。

【典型例题】

1. Lily isher pen, but she can’tit.

A. finding; look for

B. looking for; find

C. look for; finding

D. looking for; finding.

【答案】 B

考点:look for/ find的区别

2.______out his telephone number, you can call 114.

A.Find

B. Finding

C. To find

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:为了找出他的电话号码,你可以拨打114.动词不定式表示目的,故选C。

考点:考查非谓语动词的用法

2.another, other, the other, others与 the others的区别

1.another指不定数目(三个或三个以上)中的“另一个;又一个”,用来代替或修饰单数 数名词。

如:Would you like another cup of tea?

你想再来一杯茶吗

2.the other通常指两个中的“另一个”,后也可接名词,常用的用法有:one……theother……。

如:She has two daughters. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.

她有两个女儿。一个是教师,另一个是医生。

3.other意为“另外的;其他的”,后接复数名词。

如 We study Chinese, math, English and other lessons.

我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他学科。

4.others泛指“另外的人或物”常用的用法有:some……others…。

如: Some like swimming, others like boating.

有些人喜欢游泳。另一些人喜欢划船。

5.the others特指某范围内“其余全部的人或物”。

如: There are forty books in the box. Ten are mine, the others are my father’s.

箱子里有四十本书。其中十本是我的,其余的都是我父亲的

【典型例题】

1.—The milk tastes nice. I’d like ______ bottle of milk.

—Sorry.There is none left. But you can buy one on ______ side of the street.

A. another;other

B. other; the other

C. another; the other

D. the other; another

【答案】C

考点:词语辨析以及在句子中的应用

二.重点语法:

1. 不定式作主语

动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末

其结构为:It be adj.( for/ of sb.) 动词不定式

如:To learn English well is useful.

→ It is useful to learn English well.

It’s important for us to protect the environment.

注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如:

It's very kind of you to help me.

你帮助我真是太好啦。

It's very clever of you to do like that.

你那样做真是太聪明啦。

2. 不定式作宾语

① 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:

would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan,expect等。如:

Would you like to see a film this evening?

你今晚想去看电影吗?

②在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如:

I find it easy to read English every day.

③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式

Why not do...,Why don't you do..., had better(not)do..., would rather do,

could/would/will you please(not)do...

I would rather stay in the room.

我宁愿待在房间里。

3. 不定式作宾语补足语

不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如:

Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.

露西让他关小收音机。

tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:

My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.

我妈妈鼓励我学日语。

注意:还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补,这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:

一感(feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)。但变被动语态时,必须加上to。如:

My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.

老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。

4. 不定式作定语

①不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。

②如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。

There is nothing to worry about.

没有什么可担心的。

5.不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how连用,相当于一个宾语从句。

如:The teacher is telling the students what to do.

老师正告诉学生们做什么。

He didn't know where to go.

他不知道去哪里。

【典型例题】

1.He tries_____ English well, so he practises _______English every day.

A. to learn; to speak

B. learning; speaking

C. to learn; speaking

D. learning; to speak

【答案】C

考点:考查动词的用法。

2..Our teacher told us ______carefully in class.

Asten

B. to listen

C. listened

D. listens

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我们的老师告诉我们在课上要认真听讲。tellsb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事,tell后跟不定式做宾语补足语,故选B。

考点:考查非谓语动词。

3.My mother often tells me _______ my classmates when they need.

A. help

B. to help

C. helps

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我妈妈经常告诉我在他们需要的时候帮助我的同学。tell sb. to do sth. 意为:告诉某人做某事。故选B。

考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。

4.They spent much time _____TV last year.

A. to watch

B. watched

C. watching

【答案】C

考点:考查固定搭配。

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