俞敏洪高中英语单词乱序版（俞敏洪GRE核心词汇）

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俞敏洪高中英语单词乱序版

Word List 15

genre

[ˈʒɑːnrə]

n. （文学、艺术等的）类型，体裁（a kind of works of literature, art, etc.）

记 词根记忆：gen（种属）＋re→类型，体裁

superstructure

[ˈsuːpərstrʌktʃər]

n. 上层建筑（an entity, concept, or complex based on a more fundamental one）；上层构造（a structure built as a vertical extension of sth. else）

例 Ultimately, the book's credibility is strained; the slender, though far from nonexistent, web of evidence presented on one salient point is expected to support a vast superstructure of implications.

fluorescent

[ˌflɔːˈresnt]

adj. 荧光的，发亮的（producing light）

记 词根记忆：fluor（荧光）＋escent（发声…的）→荧光的，发亮的

recalcitrant

[rɪˈkælsɪtrənt]

adj. 顽抗的（obstinately defiant of authority or restraint; unruly）

记 词根记忆：re（反）＋calcitr（＝calc 石头）＋ant→像石头一样坚硬顽强地反抗→顽抗的

succumb

[səˈkʌm]

v. 屈从，屈服（to yield to superior strength）；因…死亡（to die）

记 词根记忆：suc（下面）＋cumb（躺）→躺下去→因…死亡

sunlit

[ˈsʌnlɪt]

adj. 阳光照射的（lighted by or as if by the sun）

记 联想记忆：sun（太阳）＋lit（light的过去式，照亮）→阳光照射的

noisome

[ˈnɔɪsəm]

adj. 有恶臭的（offensive to the senses and especially to the sense of smell）；令人作呕的，令人爱

厌的（highly obnoxious or objectionable）

记 词根记忆：noi（＝annoy 讨厌）＋some→讨厌的→令人讨厌的

tie

[taɪ]

n. 平局，不分胜负（an equality in number） v. 系，拴，绑（to fasten, attach, or close by means of a tie）

consecutive

[kənˈsekjətɪv]

adj. 连续的（following one after the other in order）

例 She was absent for nine consecutive days.

autonomy

[ɔːˈtɑːnəmi]

n. 自治，自主（self-government; independent function）

记 词根记忆：auto（自己）＋nomy（治理）→自治

inaugurate

[ɪˈnɔːɡjəreɪt]

v. 举行就职典礼（to induct into an office with suitable ceremonies）；创始，开创（to initiate; commence）

记 联想记忆：in（进入）＋augur（预示）＋ate→通过预示创新→开创

同 instate, institute, launch, originate

dietary

[ˈdaɪəteri]

adj. 饮食的（of or relating to a diet or to the rules of a diet）

记 来自diet（n. 饮食）

component

[kəmˈpoʊnənt]

n. 成分，零部件（any of the parts of which sth. is made）

记 词根记忆：com（共同）＋pon（放）＋ent→放到一起（的东西）→成分

trendsetter

[ˈtrendsetər]

n. 引领新潮的人（a person or institution that starts a new fashion or trend）

storage

[ˈstɔːrɪʤ]n. 仓库（space or a place for storing）；贮存（the act of storing）

例 Created to serve as perfectly as possible their workaday function, the wooden storage boxes made in America's Shaker communities are now valued for their beauty.

extend

[ɪkˈstend]

v. 延伸，扩大（to make sth. longer or larger）；舒展（肢体）（to stretch out the body or a limb at full

length）；宽延，延缓（to stretch out in time）

记 词根记忆：ex（出）＋tend（伸展）→伸出去→延伸

例 The primary criterion for judging a school is its recent performance: critics are reluctant to extend credit for earlier victories.

同 expand, outspread, outstretch, unfold

rhetorical

[rɪˈtɔːrɪkl]

adj. 修辞的，修辞学的（of, relating to, or concerned with rhetoric）；虚夸的，辞藻华丽的

（characterized by overelaborate or bombastic rhetoric）

involvement

[ɪnˈvɑːlvmənt]

n. 参与（participation）；连累；投入（the feeling of excitement and satisfaction that you get from an activity）

例 Halls and audiences for lieder recitals tend to be smaller than for opera and thus more

conducive to the intimacy and sense of close involvement, which is the recital's particular charm.

sensitivity

[ˌsensəˈtɪvəti]

n. 敏感，敏感性（the quality or state of being sensitive）

例 The successful reconstruction of an archaeological site requires scientific knowledge as well as cultural sensitivity.

unalterable

[ʌnˈɔːltərəbl]

adj. 不能改变的（not capable of being altered or changed）

同 changeable, inalterable

propitiate

[prəˈpɪʃieɪt]

v. 讨好（to gain or regain the favor or goodwill of）；抚慰（to appease）

记 词根记忆：pro（向前）＋piti（＝pet 寻求）＋ate→主动寻求和解→讨好

例 At the height of the storm, the savages tried to propitiate the angry gods by offering sacrifices.

同 assuage, conciliate, mollify, pacify, placate

extensive[ɪkˈstensɪv]

adj. 广大的，广阔的；多方面的，广泛的（having wide or considerable extent）

例 The development of containers, possibly made from bark or the skins of animals, although this is a matter of conjecture, allowed the extensive sharing of forage foods in prehistoric human societies.

erode

[ɪˈroʊd]

v. 侵蚀（to eat into or away by slow destruction of substance）；受到侵蚀（to undergo erosion）

记 词根记忆：e＋rod（咬）＋e→咬掉→侵蚀

ignoble

[ɪɡˈnoʊbl]

adj. 卑鄙的（dishonorable; base; mean）

记 词根记忆：ig（不）＋noble（高贵）→不高贵的→卑鄙的

generate

[ˈʤenəreɪt]

v. 适成（to bring into being）；产生（to originate or produce）

记 词根记忆：gener（种属；产生）＋ate→产生

painstakingly

[ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪ li]

adv. 细心地，专注地（fastidiously）；辛苦地

例 The President reached a decision only after lengthy deliberation, painstakingly weighing the divergent opinions expressed by cabinet members.

同 assiduously, exhaustively, meticulously

flaw

[flɔː]

n. 瑕疵（imperfection; defect） v. 生裂缝；变得有缺陷（to become defective）

同 blemish, bug, fault, shortcoming

precarious

[prɪˈkerəriəs]

adj. 根据不足的，未证实的（dependent on uncertain premises）；不稳固的，危险的（characterized by a lack of security or stability that threatens with danger; unsafe）

记 联想记忆：pre（在前面）＋car（汽车）＋ious→在汽车前面→危险的

例 Although his broker had told him that the stock was a precarious investment, he insisted on buying 100 shares.

gymnastic

[ʤɪmˈnæstɪk]

adj. 体操的，体育的（of or relating to gymnastics）同 athletic

conflagration

[ˌkɑːnfləˈɡreɪʃn]

n. （建筑物或森林）大火（a big, destructive fire）

记 词根记忆：con＋flagr（烧）＋ation→大火

dwindle

[ˈdwɪndl]

v. 变小，减少（to diminish; shrink; decrease）

记 联想记忆：d＋wind（风）＋le→随风而去，越来越小→变小；注意不要和swindle（n./v. 欺骗，诈骗）相混

同 abate, bate, wane

teem

[tiːm]

v. 充满（to abound）；到处都是（to be present in large quantity）；（雨、水等）暴降，倾注

indenture

[ɪnˈdentʃər]

n. 契约，合同（a written contract or agreement）

v. 以契约约束（to bind (as an apprentice) by or as if by indentures）

记 来自indent（v. 切割成锯齿状），原指古代师徒间分割成锯齿状的契约

distort

[dɪˈstɔːrt]

v. 扭曲，弄歪（to twist sth. out of its usual shape）

记 词根记忆：dis（坏）＋tort（扭曲）→扭坏了→弄歪

同 contort, deform, misshape, torture, warp

roam

[roʊm]

v. 漫游，漫步（to go from place to place without purpose or direction）

记 联想记忆：他的思绪漫游（roam）在广阔的空间（room）里

overtire

[ˌoʊvərˈtaɪər]

v. 使过度疲劳

raciness

[ˈreɪsɪnəs]

n. 生动活泼

adhere

[ədˈhɪr]

v. 粘着，坚持（to stick fast; stay attached）

记 词根记忆：ad＋here（粘连）→粘着

搭 adhere to 坚持

retribution

[ˌretrɪˈbjuːʃn]

n. 报应，惩罚（sth. given as punishment）

记 词根记忆：re（反）＋tribut（给予）＋ion→反过来给予→报应

搭 retribution for 因…而受到的报应

ungainly

[ʌnˈɡeɪnli]

adj. 笨拙的（lacking in smooth or dexterity; clumsy）

记 联想记忆：un（不）＋gainly（优雅的）→笨拙的

calculable

[ˈkælkjələbl]

adj. 可计算的（subject to or ascertainable by calculation）；可信赖的（that may be counted on）

natty

[ˈnæti]

adj. 整洁的（trimly neat and tidy）；敏捷的，灵巧的（neatly or trimly smart）

同 dapper, dashing, jaunty, spruce

irreproachable

[ˌɪrɪˈproʊtʃəbl]

adj. 无可指责的，无瑕疵的（blameless; impeccable）

例 One might dispute the author's handling of particular points of Kandinsky's interaction with his artistic environment, but her main theses are irreproachable.

futile

[ˈfjuːtl]

adj. 无效的，无用的（completely ineffective）；（人）没出息的；琐细的（occupied with trifles）

记 联想记忆：f（看作fail，失败）＋uti（用）＋le→无法利用的→无效的，无用的同 abortive, bootless, ineffectual, unavailing, vain

reveal

[rɪˈviːl]

v. （神）启示；揭露（to make sth. secret or hidden publicly or generally known）；显示（to open up to view）

记 联想记忆：re（相反）＋veal（看作veil，面纱）→除去面纱→显示

例 Hampshire's assertions, far from showing that we can dismiss the ancient puzzles about

objectivity, reveal the issue to be even more relevant than we had thought.

同 disclose, divulge

renown

[rɪˈnaʊn]

n. 名望，声誉（fame）

记 词根记忆：re（反复）＋nown（＝nomen 名字）→名字反复出现→名望

例 For many years an unheralded researcher, Barbara McClintock gained international renown when she won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.

psyche

[ˈsaɪki]

n. 心智，精神（mind; soul）

festive

[ˈfestɪv]

adj. 欢宴的，节日的（of, relating to, or suitable for a feast or festival）

记 词根记忆：fest（＝feast 盛宴）＋ive→欢宴的

unimpeachable

[ˌʌnɪmˈpiːtʃəbl]

adj. 无可指责的，无可怀疑的（irreproachable; blameless）

记 联想记忆：un（不）＋impeachable（可指责的）→无可指责的

outweigh

[ˌaʊtˈweɪ]v. 比…重，比…更重要（to exceed in weight, value, or importance）

fervid

[ˈfɜːrvɪd]

adj. 炽热的（extremely hot）；热情的（marked by great passion）

记 词根记忆：ferv（沸腾）＋id→炽热的；热情的

steadfast

[ˈstedfæst]

adj. 忠实的（faithful）；不动的，不变的（fixed or unchanging）

记 联想记忆：stead（＝stand 站）＋fast（稳固的）→不变的

prostrate

[ˈprɑːstreɪt]

adj. 俯卧的（prone）；沮丧的（powerless; helpless） v. 使下跪鞠躬，使拜服（to make oneself bow or kneel down in humility or adoration）

undesirable

[ˌʌndɪˈzaɪərəbl]

adj. 不受欢迎的，讨厌的（not desirable; unwanted）

记 联想记忆：un（不）＋desirable（可取的）→不可取的→不受欢迎的

graze

[ɡreɪz]

v. （让动物）吃草（to feed on growing grass）；放牧（to put livestock to eat grass）

记 来自grass（n. 草）；和glaze（v. 装玻璃，上釉于）一起记

seclude

[sɪˈkluːd]

v. 使隔离，使孤立（to isolate）

记 词根记忆：se（分开）＋clude（关闭）→分开关闭→使隔离，使孤立

appropriate

[əˈproʊpriət]

v. 拨款（to set money aside for a specific use）；盗用（to take improperly）

adj. 恰当的（fitting）

记 词根记忆：ap＋propr（拥有）＋iate→自己拥有→盗用

antidote

[ˈæntidoʊt]

n. 解药（a remedy to counteract a poison）

记 词根记忆：anti（反）＋dote（药剂-）→反毒的药→解药

plunge[plʌnʤ]

v. 跳进，陷入（to thrust or cast oneself into or as if into water）；俯冲（to move suddenly forwards and downwards）

记 发音记忆：“扑浪急”→掉入水里，着急地扑打着浪花→跳进

embezzlement

[ɪmˈbezlmənt]

n. 贪污，盗用（act of using money that is placed in one's care in a wrong way to benefit oneself）

记 联想记忆：em＋bezzle（看作bezzant，金银币）＋ment→将金钱据为己有→贪污，盗用

例 The bank teller's embezzlement of the funds was not discovered until the auditors examined

the accounts.

threat

[θret]

n. 威胁，恐吓（expression of intention to inflict evil, injury, or damage）；凶兆，征兆（indication of future danger）

predecessor

[ˈpredəsesər]

n. 前任，前辈（the person who held an office or position before sb. else）；原有事物，前身（sth. that has been replaced by another）

记 词根记忆：pre（在前面）＋de＋cess（走）＋or→在前面走的人→前任，前辈

implement

[ˈɪmplɪmənt] n. 工具，器具

[ˈɪmplɪment] v. 实现，实施（fulfill; accomplish）

记 词根记忆：im（进入）＋ple（满的）＋ment→进入圆满→实现

例 The political success of any government depends on its ability to implement both foreign and domestic policies.

cone

[koʊn]

n. 松果；圆锥体（solid body that narrows to a point from a circular flat base）

gene[ʤiːn]

n. 基因（unit in a chromosome which controls heredity）

renegade

[ˈrenɪɡeɪd]

n. 叛教者，叛徒（a deserter from a faith, cause, or allegiance）

记 词根记忆：re（反）＋neg（否定）＋ade→回头否定的人→叛教者，叛徒

例 Because he had abandoned his post and joined forces with the Indians, his fellow officers considered the hero of Dances with Wolves a renegade.

同 apostate, defector

intruding

[ɪnˈtruːdɪ ]

adj. 入侵的，入侵性的（intrusive）

记 来自intrude（v. 侵入，侵扰）

impiety

[ɪmˈpaɪəti]

n. 不虔诚，无信仰（the quality or state of being impious）

irrepressible

[ˌɪrɪˈpresəbl]

adj. 抑制不住的，压抑不住的（incapable of being controlled）

记 联想记忆：ir（不）＋repress（抑制）＋ible→抑制不住的

untasted

[ˌʌnˈteɪstɪd]

adj. 未尝过的，未体验过的

例 Either the Polynesian banquets at Waikiki are untasted, or the one I visited was a poor

example.

continental

[ˌkɑːntɪˈnentl]

adj. 大陆的，大陆性的（of, relating to, or characteristic of a continent）

搭 continental drift 大陆漂移（说）

ostentatious

[ˌɑːstenˈteɪʃəs]

adj. 华美的；炫耀的（marked by or fond of conspicuous or vainglorious and sometimes pretentious display）

例 Compared with the ostentatious glamour of opera, classical song is a more subdued tradition.

同 flamboyant, peacockish, splashy, swank

immense[ɪˈmens]

adj. 极大的（very large）；无限的（limitless; infinite）

记 词根记忆：im（不）＋mense（＝measure 测量）→不能测量的→极大的

搭 have an immense influence on... 对…有极大的影响

同 colossal, monstrous, prodigious, titanic

presumptuous

[prɪˈzʌmptʃuəs]

adj. 放肆的，过分的（going beyond what is right or proper; excessively forward）

例 Not wishing to appear presumptuous, the junior member of the research group refrained from venturing any criticism of the senior members' plan for dividing up responsibility for the entire project.

同 overweening, presuming, uppity

decorum

[dɪˈkɔːrəm]

n. 礼节，礼貌（propriety and good taste in behavior, dress; etiquette）

记 词根记忆：decor（美，装饰）＋um→美的行为→礼节

philanthropic

[fɪˈlænθrəpik]

adj. 慈善（事业）的，博爱的（of, relating to, or characterized by philanthropy; humanitarian）

记 词根记忆：phil（爱）＋anthrop（人）＋ic→爱人的→博爱的

例 The marketers' motivations in donating the new basketball backboards to the school system are not solely philanthropic; they plan to sell advertising space on the backboards.

peculiar

[pɪˈkjuːliər]

adj. 独特的（distinctive）；古怪的（eccentric; queer）

同 characteristic, idiosyncratic, individual

unenlightened

[ˌʌnɪnˈlaɪtnd]

adj. 愚昧无知的（without knowledge or understanding）；不文明的（having wrong beliefs because of lack of knowledge）

记 联想记忆：un（不）＋enlightened（有知识的，开明的）→愚昧无知的

efficacy

[ˈefɪkəsi]

n. 功效，有效性（the power to produce an effect）

记 词根记忆：ef（出）＋fic（做）＋acy→做出了成绩→功效，有效性

同 capability, effectiveness, efficiency

floral

[ˈflɔːrəl]adj. 花的，植物的（of or relating to a flora）

搭 a floral arrangement/display 插花，花展

discipline

[ˈdɪsəplɪn]

n. 纪律（a rule or system of rules governing conduct or activity）；惩罚，处分（punishment） v. 训练，

训导（to train or develop by instruction and exercise especially in self-control）

记 联想记忆：dis（不）＋cip＋line（线）→不站成一线就要受惩罚→惩罚

同 educate

arbiter

[ˈɑːrbɪtər]

n. 权威人士，泰斗（arbitrator; a person fully qualified to judge or decide）

记 词根记忆：arbit（判断，裁决）＋er→判断之人→权威人士，泰斗

pervade

[pərˈveɪd]

v. 弥漫，遍及（to become diffused throughout）

记 词根记忆：per（贯穿）＋vad（走）＋e→走遍→弥漫，遍及

formulaic

[ˌfɔːrmjuˈleɪɪk]

adj. 公式的，刻板的（containing or made from ideas or expressions that have been used many times before and are therefore not very new or interesting）

contemptuous

[kənˈtemptʃuəs]

adj. 鄙视的，表示轻蔑的（showing contempt）

记 注意contemptible和contemptuous都来自contempt；contemptible是指做的事令人轻视，而 contemptuous是指人轻视的态度

unheralded

[ʌnˈherəldɪd]

adj. 未预先通知的，未预先警告过的（not previously mentioned; happening without any warning）

例 For many years an unheralded researcher, Barbara McClintock gained international renown when she won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.

hardship

[ˈhɑːrdʃɪp]

n. 困苦，拮据（privation, suffering）

记 联想记忆：hard（艰苦的）＋ship（表状态）→困苦

同 asperity, difficulty, hardness, rigor

keen[kiːn]

adj. 锋利的，锐利的（having a fine edge or point）；敏锐的，灵敏的（pungent to the sense; extremely sensitive in perception）；热心的（enthusiastic）

例 Our young people, whose keen sensitivities have not yet become calloused, have a purer and more immediate response than we do to our environment.

sibling

[ˈsɪblɪ ]

n. 兄弟或姊妹

记 词根记忆：sib（同胞）＋ling→兄弟或姊妹

informative

[ɪnˈfɔːrmətɪv]

adj. 提供信息的（imparting knowledge; instructive）；见闻广博的

patriarchal

[ˌpeɪtriˈɑːrkl]

adj. 家长的，族长的（of, relating to, or being a patriarch）；父权制的（of, or relating to a

patriarchy）

blur

[blɜːr]

n. 模糊不清的事物（anything indistinct or hazy） v. 使…模糊（to make or become hazy or

indistinct）

记 比较记忆：slur（v. 含糊不清地说）

burning

[ˈbɜːrnɪ ]

adj. 燃烧的（being on fire）；强烈的（ardent; intense）

nurture

[ˈnɜːrtʃər]

v. 养育，教养（to care for and educate） n. 养育（the act of bringing up）；营养物（sth. that nourishes）

记 联想记忆：大自然（nature）像母亲一样养育（nurture）着人类

同 cultivate, foster

rowdy

[ˈraʊdi]

adj. 吵闹的；粗暴的

记 联想记忆：row（吵闹）＋dy→吵闹的

例 In the light of Dickens's description of the lively, even rowdy dance parties of his time,

Sharp's approach to country dancing may seem overly formal, suggesting more decorum than is necessary.

comprehensively

[ˌkɑːmprɪˈhensɪvli]

adv. 包括地；全面地

记 词根记忆：comprehen（＝comprehend 理解）＋sive＋ly→完全理解地→全面地

convertible

[kənˈvɜːrtəbl]

adj. 可转换的（capable of being converted） n. 敞篷车（an automobile with a canvas top that can be folded back or removed）

记 词根记忆：con＋vert（转）＋ible→能够转动的→可转换的

docile

[ˈdɑːsl]

adj. 驯服的，听话的（(of a person or an animal) easy to control）

记 词根记忆：doc（教导）＋ile（能…的）→能教的→听话的

例 He was habitually so docile and accommodating that his friends could not understand his sudden outburst against his employers.

hitherto

[ˌhɪðərˈtuː]

adv. 到目前为止（until this or that time）

搭 a hitherto unknown fact 至今无人知道的事实

sedulous

[ˈseʤələs]

adj. 聚精会神的；勤勉的（diligent in application or pursuit）

记 词根记忆：sed（坐）＋ulous（多…的）→坐得多的→勤勉的

informal

[ɪnˈfɔːrml]

adj. 随便的，日常的（characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary, casual, or familiar use）；不拘礼节的，非正式的（marked by the absence of formality or ceremony）

reside

[rɪˈzaɪd]

v. 居住（to dwell permanently or continuously）

搭 reside in sb./sth. 在于；由…造成

uninspired

[ˌʌnɪnˈspaɪərd]

adj. 无灵感的，枯燥的（having no intellectual, emotional, or spiritual excitement; dull）

例 Although Simpson was ingenious at contriving to appear innovative and spontaneous, beneath the ruse he remained uninspired and rigid in his approach to problem-solving.

antiquarianism

[ˌæntiˈkweəriənizəm]

n. 古物研究，好古癖（study, collection or sale of valuable old objects）

记 词根记忆：antiqu（古老的）＋arian＋ism→古物研究

symptomatic

[ˌsɪmptəˈmætɪk]

adj. 有症状的（being a symptom of a disease）

例 Many artists believe that successful imitation, far from being symptomatic of a lack of

originality, is the first step in learning to be creative.

contravene

[ˌkɑːntrəˈviːn]

v. 违背（法规、习俗等）（to conflict with; violate）

记 词根记忆：contra（反）＋ven（走）＋e→反着走→违背

同 breach, infract, infringe, offend, transgress

discreet

[dɪˈskriːt]

adj. 小心的，言行谨慎的（prudent; modest）

记 词根记忆：dis＋creet（分辨）→分辨出不同来→小心的；注意不要和discrete（adj. 个别的）相混

同 calculating, cautious, chary, circumspect, gingerly

forebode

[fɔːˈboʊd]

v. 预感，预示（灾祸等），预兆（to foretell; predict）

记 组合词：fore（提前）＋bode（兆头）→预兆

fusion

[ˈfjuːʒn]

n. 融合（a union by or as if by melting）；核聚变（union of atomic nuclear）

同 admixture, amalgam, blend, merger, mixture

esoteric

[ˌesəˈterɪk]

adj. 秘传的；机密的，隐秘的（beyond the understanding or knowledge of most people）

记 联想记忆：es（出）＋oter（看作outer，外面的）＋ic→不出外面的→秘传的

同 abstruse, occult, recondite

address

[əˈdres]

v. 处理，对付，设法解决（to tackle sth.）；致辞（to deliver a formal speech to）

reproach

[rɪˈproʊtʃ]

n. 谴责，责骂（an expression of rebuke or disapproval）

记 联想记忆：re（反）＋proach（靠近）→以反对的方式靠近→谴责

同 admonish, chide, monish, reprimand, reprove

insurmountable

[ˌɪnsərˈmaʊntəbl]

adj. 不能克服的，不能超越的（incapable of being surmounted）

同 impassable, insuperable

exemplary

[ɪɡˈzempləri]

adj. 模范的，典范的（serving as an example）；可仿效的（deserving imitation）

记 来自exemplar（n. 模范，榜样）

unmatched

[ˌʌnˈmætʃt]

adj. 无可匹敌的（cannot be matched）

同 matchless, nonpareil, unmatchable, unrivaled

assume

[əˈsuːm]

v. 假定（to accept sth. as true before there is proof）；承担，担任（to take on duties or

responsibilities）

记 联想记忆：as（加强）＋sume（拿，取）→拿住→承担

deference

[ˈdefərəns]

n. 敬意，尊重（courteous regard or respect）

搭 deference to 对…尊重

individual

[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʤuəl]adj. 单独的，单个的（single; separate）；特有的（particular）；个人的，个体的 n. 个人，个体（single

human being）

记 联想记忆：in＋divid(e)（分割）＋ual→分割开的→单独的，单个的

例 Unlike a judge, who must act alone, a jury discusses a case and then reaches its decision as a group, thus minimizing the effect of individual bias.

同 distinctive, idiosyncratic

exclusive

[ɪkˈskluːsɪv]

adj. （人）孤僻的（single and sole）；（物）专用的（not shared or divided）

记 词根记忆：ex（出）＋clus（关闭）＋ive→关在外面的→孤僻的

inexplicable

[ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbl]

adj. 无法解释的（incapable of being explained or accounted for）

记 联想记忆：in（不）＋explicable（可解释的）→无法解释的

例 There were contradictions in her nature that made her seem an inexplicable enigma: she was severe and gentle; she was modest and disdainful; she longed for affection and was cold.

subtle

[ˈsʌtl]

adj. 微妙的，精巧的（delicate; refined）

例 An obvious style, easily identified by some superficial quirk, is properly decried as a mere mannerism, whereas a complex and subtle style resists reduction to a formula.

dilate

[daɪˈleɪt]

v. 使膨胀，使扩大（to swell; expand）

记 词根记忆：di＋lat（搬运）＋e→分开搬运→使扩大；注意不要和dilute （v. 冲淡，稀释）相混

infection

[ɪnˈfekʃn]

n. 传染；感染（an act or process of infecting）

记 词根记忆：in（进入）＋fect（做）→在里面做→传染

certainty

[ˈsɜːrtnti]

n. 确定的事情（thing that is certain）

记 来自certain（adj. 确定的，必然的）

grief

[ɡriːf]

n. 忧伤，悲伤（deep or violent sorrow）

例 Because he had assumed that the child's first, fierce rush of grief would quickly subside,Murdstone was astonished to find him still disconsolate.

bane

[beɪn]

n. 祸根（the cause of distress, death, or ruin）

记 发音记忆：“背运”→因为有祸根而背运→祸根

commiserate

[kəˈmɪzəreɪt]

v. 同情，怜悯（to feel or show sorrow or pity for sb.）

记 词根记忆：com＋miser（可怜）＋ate→ 同情，怜悯

plastic

[ˈplæstɪk]

adj. 创造性的，塑造的（formative; creative）；易受影响的（easily influenced）；可塑的（capable of being molded or modeled）；塑性的（capable of being deformed continuously and permanently in any direction without rupture）

同 adaptable, ductile, malleable, moldable, pliant, supple

embellishment

[ɪmˈbelɪʃmənt]

n. 装饰；装饰品（ornament）

同 decoration

clause

[klɔːz]

n. 从句；（法律等）条款（a stipulation in a document）

记 联想记忆：cause（原因，事业）中加“l”，有事业必有条款加以限制

spruce

[spruːs]

n. 云杉 adj. 整洁的（neat or smart; trim）

crawl

[krɔːl]

v. 爬，爬行（to move slowly in a prone position without or as if without the use of limbs）

记 联想记忆：c＋raw（生疏的）＋l→对地形生疏，就要缓慢地行进→爬行

category

[ˈkætəɡɔːri]

n. 类别，范畴（a class or division in a scheme of classification）

记 联想记忆：cat（猫）＋ego（自我）＋ry→猫和我是两类生物→类别

genetic[ʤəˈnetɪk]

adj. 遗传的（having to do with genetic）;起源的（of the genesis）

例 Ethologists are convinced that many animals survive through learning—but learning that is dictated by their genetic programming, learning as thoroughly stereotyped as the most instinctive of behavioral responses.

oblivious

[əˈblɪviəs]

adj. 遗忘的，忘却的（lacking all memory; forgetful）；疏忽的（lacking conscious awareness; unmindful）

记 词根记忆：ob＋liv（使光滑）＋ious→使记忆变得完全光滑→遗忘的；疏忽的

disinclination

[ˌdɪsˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn]

n. 不愿意，不情愿（a preference for avoiding sth.）

同 aversion, disfavor, dislike, disrelish, dissatisfaction

impartial

[ɪmˈpɑːrʃl]

adj. 公平的，无私的（without prejudice or bias）

记 联想记忆：im（不）＋partial（偏见的）→没有偏见的→公平的

例 New judges often fear that the influence of their own backgrounds will condition their

verdicts, no matter how sincere they are in wanting to be impartial.

同 dispassionate, equitable, nondiscriminatory, unbiased, unprejudiced

baroque

[bəˈroʊk]

adj. 过分装饰的（gaudily ornate）

记 由17世纪“巴洛克”艺术而来，以古怪精巧为特色

topographical

[ˌtɑːpəˈɡræfɪkl]

adj. 地形学的（concerned with the artistic representation of a particular locality）

dysfunctional

[dɪsˈfʌ kʃənl]

adj. 功能失调的（functioning abnormally）

记 联想记忆：dys（坏）＋function（功能）＋al→功能坏了的→功能失调的

ameliorate

[əˈmiːliəreɪt]

v. 改善，改良（to improve）

记 词根记忆：a＋melior（＝better 更好）＋ate→改善，改良

null

[nʌl]

adj. 无效的（having no legal or binding force）；等于零的（amounting to nothing）

aberration

[ˌæbəˈreɪʃn]

n. 越轨（being aberrant）

记 词根记忆：ab＋err（错误）＋ation→错误的行为→越轨

shunt

[ʃʌnt]

v. 使（火车）转到另一轨道（to switch a train from one track to another）；改变（某物的）方向

transcontinental

[ˌtrænzˌkɑːntɪˈnentl]

adj. 横贯大陆的（extending or going across a continent）

instructive

[ɪnˈstrʌktɪv]

adj. 传授知识的（giving much useful information），教育的；有益的（helpful）

记 来自instruct（v. 教导，教授）

例 The parables in the Bible are both entertaining and instructive.

unencumbered

[ˌʌnɪnˈkʌmbərd]

adj. 无阻碍的（free of encumbrance）

例 Isozaki's love for detail is apparent everywhere in the new museum, but fortunately the details are subordinated to the building's larger formal composition, which is unencumbered by the busyness of much recent architecture.

edifice

[ˈedɪfɪs]

n. 宏伟的建筑（如宫殿、教堂等）（a large, imposing building）

记 词根记忆：edi（建筑）＋fic（做）＋e→宏伟的建筑

innermost

[ˈɪnərmoʊst]

adj. 最里面的（farthest inward）

记 组合词：inner（里面的）＋most（最）→最里面的

,