什么是定语从句通俗 什么叫定语从句

系统检测,查漏补缺,存疑再学,学以致用。《词语句篇学习法》基础知识学习持续进行中。

一、《新概念英语》第二册Pre-Unit Test 1 Ex.N

(一)看示例明考点 Look at these examples:

1.She is the girl. She met me yesterday.

She (S1)is (V1)the girl [who (S2)met (V2)me yesterday].

who指人在定语从句中做主语

2. She is the girl. I met her yesterday.

She(S1) is ((V1)the girl [whom (O) I (S2)met (V2)yesterday].

whom指人在定语从句中做宾语

3.This is the book. I bought it yesterday.

This (S1)is (V1)the book [which (O) I (S2)bought (V2)yesterday].

which指人在定语从句中做宾语

什么是定语从句通俗 什么叫定语从句(1)

(二)语言知识要点:用定语从句改写句子。

1.定语从句的概念:

定语从句是用关系词引导、在名词后起修饰、限定作用的主谓结构,也就是用定语从句合并两个简单句,定语从句用[ ]标记。如:

I like the students. They study hard.-->I like the students [who study hard].

在此例,我们把第1个简单句当做主句不变,把第2个简单句改成了定语从句,使它们成为一个复合句。这两个简单句中必定有两个重复概念,一个是名词或代词(the students),另一个被代词指代(They)。变换后,[who study hard]是修饰、限定主句名词(the students)的定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的主句名词(the students)叫先行词,引导定语从句[who study hard]的代词who叫关系代词。由于形容词通常担当定语,定语从又叫形容词性从句。

由此看出合并成定语从句的思路是:

1)找出两个句子中重复的概念,用名词表示的句子做主句,被代词指代的句子做从句。

2)去掉主句的句号,用相应的代词代替从句中重复的概念,并把这个代词放在定语从句的开头。

什么是定语从句通俗 什么叫定语从句(2)

2.定语从句中关系词的用法

关系词分为关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that,通常做主语、宾语或定语)和关系副词(when, where, why,通常做状语)。详细用法请看下表:

什么是定语从句通俗 什么叫定语从句(3)

3.关系词的语法特点

定语从句的特点是:关系词既指先行词,又在从句中担当成分,因此上表关系词的用法口诀叫“分析成分看从从句”。

请一定要熟悉简单句的五个基本句型:1.SVP 2.SV(A) 3.SVO 4.SVoO 5.SVOC

(三)用关系词who,whom, which引导从句,合并成含定语从句的主从复合句。

Join these sentences in the same way. Use who, whom or which.

I. This is the car. The mechanic repaired it yesterday.

从句代词it指代主句the car,指物,在从句中做宾语

2. He is the man. I invited him to the party.

从句代词him指代主句the man,指人,在从句中做宾语

3.These are the things. I bought them yesterday.

从句代词them指代主句the things,指物,在从句中做宾语

4. He is the man. He came here last week.

从句代词He指代主句the man,指人,在从句中做主语

5. He is the policeman. He caught the thieves.

从句代词He指代主句the policeman,指人,在从句中做主语

什么是定语从句通俗 什么叫定语从句(4)

6. She is the nurse. She looked after me.

从句代词She指代主句the nurse,指人,在从句中做主语

7. She is the woman. I met her yesterday.

从句代词her指代主句the woman,指人,在从句中做宾语

8. I am the person. I wrote to you.

从句代词 I 指代主句the person,指人,在从句中做主语

9. They are the people. I saw them yesterday.

从句代词them指代主句the people,指人,在从句中做宾语

I0. They are the trees. We cut them down yesterday.

从句代词them指代主句the trees,指物,在从句中做宾语

答案明天揭晓。

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