英语常见的熟词生义(外刊中的熟词生义)

梳理近几年的高考题,不难发现熟词生义仍然是高考中的热点和难点,如全国I卷听力中的open(职位等空缺的),work(奏效),阅读B篇中的trip(讲话磕巴),阅读D篇中的tap(开发;发掘),employ(应用;运用),完形中的shade(浓淡深浅;色度);全国II 卷听力中的move(搬家),阅读D篇中的break(休假);全国III卷阅读A篇中的present(上演),阅读B篇中的fuel(刺激;加强),阅读D篇中的value(数值),等等。

怎样在高考的短暂两小时内迅速准确地理解这些常用词的生义?这就要先从高考的文章选材来源说起。先看一下近几年高考英语真题在不同的刊物中的选材比例:

英语常见的熟词生义(外刊中的熟词生义)(1)

通过上面的表格不难发现,高考英语真题的来源大多是外刊。所以同学们在平时的学习中,多读外刊、多接触原汁原味的英语材料,对于英语的学习是非常有利的哦。今天小维就从近期的外刊以及新闻中整理了一些熟词生义,一起来学习一下吧!

01

Nezha has more than 1,300 special effects shots.

《哪吒之魔童降世》有1300多个特效镜头。

shot

熟义:n 发射;射击

生义:n(电影中的)镜头

the opening shots of the movie

影片开始的镜头

02

One of the best films produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio, it was the first Chinese animated film to be screened at the Cannes Film Festival.

作为上海动画电影制片厂出品的最佳影片之一,它(《哪吒闹海》)是第一部在戛纳电影节上映的中国动画电影。

screen

熟义:n 屏幕

生义:v 放映(电影);播放(电视)

The program was not screened on British television.

这个节目没有在英国电视上播出过。

03

Firefighters cleared the area around the cathedral, which marks the very center of the city.

消防队员清理了标志着这座城市中心的大教堂周围的区域。

clear

熟义:adj 清楚的;明白的

生义:v 清理;清除

I had cleared my desk before I left.

离开前我清理干净了办公桌。

04

Cortina previously hosted the Winter Olympics in 1956, while Turin staged the 2006 edition of the Games.

科尔蒂纳曾在1956年主办过冬奥会,而都灵曾在2006年主办过冬奥会。

stage

熟义:n 舞台

生义:v 举办;举行

They are staging a rock concert in the park.

他们将在公园里举办一场摇滚音乐会。

05

Gold medals are, in fact, also made largely from silver, though they must each be plated with at least 6 grams of pure gold.

事实上,金牌主要也是由银制成的,不过每枚金牌都必须镀上至少6克纯金。

plate

熟义:n 盘子

生义:v 镀上(金或银)

a silver ring plated with gold

一枚镀金的银戒指

06

Johnson had been widely expected to win ever since Theresa May, the nation’soutgoing prime minister, announced on May 24 that she was resigning following heavy criticism of her handling of the UK’s exit from the European Union.

自英国即将离任的首相特雷莎 • 梅5月24日宣布辞职以来,外界普遍预计鲍里斯 • 约翰逊将赢得大选。此前,外界对她处理英国退出欧盟问题的方式提出了严厉批评。

outgoing

熟义:adj 外向的

生义:adj 将卸任的;离职的

the outgoing president / government

即将下台的总统 / 政府

exit

熟义:n 出口

生义:n 退出;出局

France’s early exit from the World Cup

法国队在世界杯上提早出局

07

Johnson was strongly tipped to take over as prime minister when the leave campaign won.

脱欧阵营获胜时,外界强烈猜测鲍里斯 • 约翰逊将接任首相一职。

tip

熟义:n 小费;建议

生义:vt 预言……获胜;事先说……会成功

The actor is tipped to win an Oscar for his performance.

这位演员因表演出色而被认为有望获得奥斯卡奖。

08

Theresa May then succeeded David Cameron as prime minister and appointed Johnson as foreign secretary.

特雷莎 • 梅随后接替戴维 • 卡梅伦成为英国首相,并任命约翰逊为外交大臣。

succeed

熟义:vi 成功

生义:vt 接替;继任

Mr Harvey will succeed Ms Lincoln as chairman.

哈维先生将接替林肯夫人出任主席。

09

In the largest of these, China, the population is projected to shrink by 31.4 million, or 2.2 per cent.

其中人口最多的国家中国的人口预计会减少3140万,即下降2.2%。

project

熟义:n 计划;项目

生义:vt 预测;预计

The unemployment rate has been projected to fall.

据预测失业率将下降。

or

熟义:conj 或者

生义:conj 或者说;也就是;即(用于进一步解释刚提及的某事物)

It’s 10 kilometers, or 20 li, from here to the city.

从这儿到城里有 10 公里,也就是 20 里。

10

The ice could be mined and turned into drinking water for human inhabitants or even converted to fuel for spacecraft.

这些冰可以被开采出来,转化成人类居民的饮用水,甚至可以转化成航天器的燃料。

mine

熟义:pron 我的

生义:v 开采

They were mining for gold.

他们在开采金矿。

11

President Emmanuel Macron cancelled an address to the nation that he had been due to give later on Monday evening.

总统埃马纽埃尔•马克龙取消了一场原定于周一晚上晚些时候发表的全国演讲。

address

熟义:n 住址;地址

生义:n 演说;演讲

She gave an address to the Royal Academy.

她在皇家艺术院做了场演讲。

12

China’s Olympic champion Sun Yang won his fourth straight world title in the men’s 400m freestyle at the 18th FINA World Championships in the South Korean city of Gwangju on Sunday.

周日,在韩国光州举行的第18届国际泳联世锦赛上,中国奥运冠军孙杨在男子400米自由泳比赛中连续第4次获得该项目的世界冠军。

straight

熟义:adj 直的

生义:adj 连续的;不间断的

The team has had five straight wins.

这支队已连赢五场比赛了。

13

During the awarding ceremony, Horton did not step onto the podium afterclaiming a silver medal in the event.

在颁奖仪式上,获得该项目银牌的霍顿并没有登上领奖台。

claim

熟义:v 声称;宣称

生义:v 获得;赢得

She has finally claimed a place on the team.

她终于成了那支队的队员。

14

Sun is now tied second with Ryan Lochte of the United States with 10 individual gold medals in the Worlds. The USA’s Michael Phelps still leads the table with 15 golds from individual events.

孙杨目前与美国选手瑞安 • 罗切特并列第二,共获得10枚全球赛事的个人金牌。美国的迈克尔 • 菲尔普斯仍然以15枚个人项目金牌居排行榜首位。

tie

熟义:n 领带 vt(用带、绳、线等) 系;拴;扎

生义:v 打成平局;得分相同

England tied 2-2 with Germany in the first round.

在第一轮比赛中英格兰队与德国队以2:2 打成平局。

lead

熟义:v 引路;通向

生义:v 处于首位;处于领先地位

We lead the way in space technology.

我们在航天技术方面处于领先地位。

table

熟义:n 桌子

生义:n(竞赛等的)名次表;排行榜;积分表

If Arsenal win this goal they’ll go to the top of the table.

阿森纳队如果赢得这场比赛,就会登上积分榜榜首。

15

In 2017, Sun took a sweet revenge by clocking 3 minutes 41.38 seconds, finishing 2.47 seconds ahead of second-place Horton at the World Aquatics Championships.

2017年,孙杨进行了痛快的报复,在世界游泳锦标赛上以3分41秒38的成绩获得冠军,领先第二名霍顿2.47秒。

sweet

熟义:adj 甜的;香甜的;甜美的

生义:adj 令人痛快的;令人愉悦的

Winning the match was sweet revenge.

赢得比赛真是痛快地报了仇。

clock

熟义:n 钟表

生义:vt 以……的速度行进;达到(某速度)

Karen won the race, clocking 49.2 seconds.

卡伦跑出了49.2 秒的成绩,赢得了比赛。

16

Total short video users in China stood at 648 million last year, accounting for 78.2 percent of the country’s overall online population.

去年,中国的短视频用户总数达到6.48亿,占全国网民总数的78.2%。

stand

熟义:vi 站立

生义:linking verb 在……的水平;是……的数量

The unemployment rate stands at 8%.

失业率在8%。

17

The report noted that China is catching up as a hub for the world’s biggest Internet companies.

报告指出,中国正成为全球最大的互联网公司的中心。

note

熟义:n 笔记 v 注意;留意

生义:v 指出;特别提到

The speaker noted that it was very important to set a goal for our life.

演说者指出为我们的生活设定目标是非常重要的。

18

Shanghai’s data highlights a global problem: Cities are unprepared toabsorb the physical impact of e-commerce.

上海的数据凸显出一个全球性的问题:城市还没有准备好应对电子商务带来的实际影响。

absorb

熟义:vt 吸收

生义:vt 承受;承担;对付

The company is unable to absorb such huge losses.

公司无法承受如此巨大的损失。

19

“We want to draw different visitors to different places in Holland, where possible at different times,” tourist officials have said.

旅游部门官员说:“我们希望吸引不同的游客在不同的时间前往荷兰不同的地方游览。”

draw

熟义:v 画

生义:vt 吸引

The movie is drawing large audiences.

这部影片吸引着大批观众。

20

Such extreme weather events are expected to become more common as the planet continues to warm under increasing greenhouse gas concentrations.

随着温室气体浓度升高,地球持续变暖,如此极端的气候事件将会越来越常见。

warm

熟义:adj 暖和的;温暖的

生义:v(使)温暖;变暖和

I warmed my hands over the fire.

我在炉火上暖手。

concentration

熟义:n 专心

生义:n 浓度;含量

High concentrations of poisonous elements were found in the polluted area.

在受污染地区发现了高浓度的有毒元素。

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