云南石林人文风情（世界自然遗产之云南石林）

“中国南方喀斯特地区的覆盖面积超过了50万平方公里，主要分布在云南省、贵州省和广西壮族自治区。中国南方喀斯特地形是全球热带及亚热带喀斯特地形的典型代表。石林喀斯特被誉为自然奇观，是世界级参照标准。同其他喀斯特地形相比，石林喀斯特的剑状形态更为丰富且颜色多样，并随着不同的天气和光线而变化，其喀斯特地貌丰富多样，富于变化。云南石林是世界上喀斯特地质地貌最好范例，具有最好的自然现象和非同寻常的美学价值、科学价值……”这是2007年联合国教科文组织将云南石林作为中国南方喀斯特之一列入世界自然遗产时对其作出的评价。

喀斯特即是指岩溶地貌，是发育在以石灰岩和白云岩为主的碳酸盐岩上的地貌。石林位于云南省石林彝族自治县境内，海拔1600-1900米，面积约350平方公里，核心区域约为107平方公里，是世界上唯一处于亚热带高原地区的喀斯特地质地貌景观。

云南石林在三亿年前，曾是一片汪洋，经过漫长沧桑巨变的地质演化，海洋变陆地、平地变高山，形成今天复杂的岩溶地质公园。云南石林涵盖了地球上众多的喀斯特地貌类型，兼具了“石林”发育遗迹和“石林”景观，主要类型包括石林洼地、石林谷地、石林岭脊、石林坡地、石林盆景、石林溶丘、尖峰溶痕城堡等。云南石林以雄、奇、险、秀、幽、奥、旷等特点著称，被誉为“世界喀斯特的精华”。

【全文翻译】

“The South China Karst region extends over a surface of half a million square kilometers lying mainly in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi provinces. South China Karst is one of the world’s most spectacular examples of humid tropical to subtropical karst landscapes. The Shilin (stone forest) karst is considered superlative natural phenomena and the world reference site for this type of feature. Shilin contains a wider range of pinnacle shapes than other karst landscapes with pinnacles, and a higher diversity of shapes and colours that change with different weather and light conditions. It contains diverse types of karst landforms. As one of the world’s best examples of karst geological landforms, the Stone Forest in Yunnan is an exceptional natural phenomenon and of outstanding aesthetic and scientific values…” This is the description made by UNESCO when the Stone Forest in Yunnan was inscribed on the World Natural Heritage List as part of the South China Karst area in 2007.

Karst is a landform formed through the erosion to carbonatite rocks such as limestone and dolomite. The Stone Forest, located in Shilin Yi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province, has elevations ranging from 1,600 to 1,900 meters and covers about 350 square kilometers, of which 107 square kilometers are the core area. It is the world’s only karst landscape in subtropical plateau region.

The area of the Stone Forest in Yunnan was a vast sea 300 million years ago. After lengthy geological evolution, the sea was transformed into the land, and then high mountains, forming today’s karst geopark with complicated landforms. The Stone Forest in Yunnan covers myriad types of karst landforms around the planet and integrates karst development relics and karst landscapes including depressions, valleys, ridges, slopes, basins, soluble hills, soluble pinnacle forts, etc. It is noted for its magnificence, uniqueness, dangerous terrains, elegance, secluded environment, mysteriousness, and vastness and has earned the reputation of the “essence of karst landforms in the world”.

国内文旅，路美，云南石林，loumey,自然遗产