人类会和动物做梦吗（所有动物会做梦吗）

我最近读了一篇与动物做梦有关的英文，我把它翻译成中文，与朋友们一起分享学习，了解动物奇特的事情。后面有英语原文。水平有限，多多包涵。

所有的动物都做梦吗?

你看不到你睡觉的宠物的脑电波，但是它的行为可以告诉你,你的猫什么时候可能在做梦。如果你仔细观察，你会发现当她入睡时，她的呼吸变得缓慢而有规律，身体静止不动。她已进入睡眠的第一阶段，称为慢波睡眠。大约15分钟后，你会注意到她呼吸的变化。她的眼睛在闭着的眼皮下转动,她的爪抽动并轻拂一只耳朵。她进入了梦乡。尽管她会抽动，发出轻微的呼噜声，但是从她的大脑到腿部肌肉的信息被阻断了，所以她不能到处跑。她处在"睡眠瘫痪的状态"。

法国科学彼得 打断了他们的睡眠瘫痪状态。即使他们完全睡着了，做梦的猫开始跑向彼得看不见的球，并拱起它们的背向看不见的敌人。彼得认为他是在看猫在表演他们的梦想! 显然，做梦的猫似乎在练习重要的技能:跟随、扑击和打斗。

在另一项研究中，马特·威尔逊记录了老鼠在学习迷宫时的脑电波。有一天，当老鼠睡着时，她让脑波记录仪开着。睡眠中的老鼠的脑电波模式与迷宫中的模式非常接近，以至于威尔逊能够准确地指出每只老鼠梦到的是迷宫的哪一部分!

许多研究人员现在认为，无论是人还是动物，做梦的目的之一就是练习重要的技能，并弄清最近的学习情况。这或许可以解释为什么那么多人会梦到战斗和逃跑，这些技能对我们的祖先来说可能很重要，以及为什么做梦会影响我们的学习能力.

所有的动物都做梦吗?通过观察睡眠动物的脑电波，我们发现动物做梦的频率似乎与它们的体型有关。猫每15分钟做梦一次，老鼠每9分钟做梦一次，大象每2小时做梦一次。虽然牛和马通常站着睡觉，但它们只在躺着的时候做梦。

Do all animals dream?

You can't see your sleeping pet's brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when your cat might be dreaming. If you watch closely, you'll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still. She has entered the first stage of sleep, called slow wave sleep. After about 15 minutes you'll notice a change in her breathing. Her eyes move under her closed lids, her paws twitch(抽动) and she flicks(轻拂) an ear. She has entered dreaming. Although she twitches and makes little grunting noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked, so she can't run about. She is in a state of "sleep paralysis(麻痹)"．

Peter a French scientist, interrupted their sleep paralysis. Even though they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to run for balls that Peter couldn't see and arched their backs at unseen enemies. He figured he was watching them act out their dreams! Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practicing important cat skills: following, pouncing, and fighting.

In another study, Matt Wilson recorded rats' brain waves while they learned mazes. One day, her left the brainwave recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could figure out exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!

Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning. This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills that were probably important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.

Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals, how often animals dream seems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when lying down.