pay的一般过去时被动（earningssalarywages）

1.earnings 任何挣来的钱都可以用这个单词，总称。earnings表示工作所得的报酬，不包括非劳动所得，例如银行存款的利息等。复数： earningses

money that a person earns from their work 指薪水、工资、收入：

a rise in average earnings for factory workers

工厂工人平均收入的增加

compensation for loss of earnings caused by the accident

由于事故造成收入损失的赔偿

He was satisfied with his earnings as an accountant.

他对自己会计师的收入很满意。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.

去年他的收入减少了20%。

Unemployment benefits are directly related to previous earnings.

失业救济金的额度与以前的收入有直接关系。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

House prices now look cheap relative to earnings

相对收入而言房价现在看起来比较便宜。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

Almost a quarter of the country's export earnings go to

service a foreign debt of$ 29 billion.

该国几乎1/4的出口收入都用来支付290亿美元外债的利息了。

At the highest executive levels earnings and performance aren't always correlated.

在最高管理层，收入与工作表现并不总是相关的。

Average earnings in the economy moved up another notch in August

8月份这个国家的平均收入又上了一个台阶。

The revenue from tourism is the biggest single item in the

country's invisible earnings

旅游业收入是该国无形收益当中最大的一项。

During his senior year his earnings stretched far

enough to buy an old car.

他上年纪时省下的收入足够买一辆旧车了。

Our net earnings were, clear of all expenses, about 200 yuan.

除去所有开支，我们净赚200元。

The merger puts the firm in a position to triple its earnings.

合并可使公司利润增长两倍。

To keep it going, Lenoire kicked in her own earnings from acting.

为了使它继续下去，勒努瓦捐出了自己演戏挣的钱。

I would judge that my earnings as a teacher have, over the years, been considerably below those of Mr Foot.

我估计，这些年来，我当老师的收入要比富特先生的收入低不少。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

2.salary

主要是指月薪，年薪（常用于白领），比较固定。领取薪水者通常是经过培训而具有特殊技能或专门知识的人 。

The government has decided to increase salaries for all civil servants.

政府已决定给所有公务员加薪。

Even the cheapest car costs the equivalent of 70 years 'salary for a governmentworker.

即使是最便宜的汽车，价格也相当于一个公务员70年的薪水。

How much salary does the job pay?

这一工作薪水多少？

My salary was around £ 9,000 plus a car and expenses

我的薪水大约是9,000英镑，还有一辆车和业务经费可支配。

I was living in cloud-cuckoo-land about my salary expectations.

我对自己的薪水充满了不切实际的幻想。

He received one year's salary as compensation for loss of office

他得到一年的工资作为失业补偿金。

The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.

那个职员升了级，加了薪。

The lawyer was paid a huge salary

那位律师薪酬很高。

Typing at that salary is slave labour.

干薪金那么低的打字工作等于做苦工。

如果他们的工资或所得税返还不能兑现，这对他们来说将是晴天霹雳。

He always deposits half of his salary in the bank.

他总是把一半薪金存入银行。

He could earn up to £ 1m a year in salary and emoluments from many directorships.

他每年的薪水加上担任许多董事职务的报酬高达一百万英镑

With Betty's salary they barely made ends meet.

加上贝蒂的薪水，他们仅能勉强维持生计。

We're barely scraping by on my salary.

我们靠我的工资勉强度日。

He forecasts that average salary increases will remain around 4 per cent.

他预测平均工资增幅将保持在4%左右。

I got a fantastic new job and my salary tripled

我得到了一份非常好的新工作，薪水涨到了原来的3倍。

My cousin Henry, he waltzes in a few months later at three times the salary.

我堂弟亨利几个月之后入职时轻而易举地拿到了3倍的薪水。

You get a big salary incentive and free board and lodging too.

你们能获得大笔激励性薪水，还可享受免费膳宿。

The managing director had given himself a pay rise of 20%, taking his salary to £ 20,000

经理给自己加了20%的薪，使他的薪水达到了2万英镑。

Golden parachutes entitle them to a full year's salary

if they get booted out of the company.

一旦被公司解雇，“金降落伞”协议使他们有权领取相当于一整年的薪水。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

They have found that, in terms of both salary and career success, the sky is the limit.

他们发现，就收入和事业成功来讲，多高都有可能的。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

a high [low, small] salary

高[低]薪

a monthly [an annual] salary月薪 [年薪]

Give us a raise in salary!.给我们加薪!

He told me that the firm could not afford to

pay such large salaries? 他告诉我说，公司付不起那么多薪水了。 What's your salary? 你领取多少薪水？

I live only on my salary.我只靠薪水生活。

He is paid for his work at a high salary. 他的工作薪金挺高。

an annual salary of $40 000

4万元的年薪

a 9% salary increase

加薪9%

She's on a salary of £24 000.

她的薪金是2.4万英镑。

He gets a basic salary plus commission.

他领取基本薪金，外加佣金。

I'm paid a salary of £5, 000 a year. 我的年薪为 5, 000 英镑。

3.wages

工资（一般是小时工资、周工资，月工资都可以用这个单词，常用于蓝领），工作不太固定，常常指体力劳动的工资。常用复数。

My wages are 100 dollars a week.我的工资每周时100美元。

Her hourly wage is eight dollars.她每小时的工资时8美元。

a weekly wage of £200

周薪200英镑

low wages 低工资

high wages 高工资

尤其在谈论某人实际领到的现金时：

Every week he handed all his wages in cash to his wife .

每个星期，他都把挣到的钱全部交给妻子。

a starting wage of five dollars an hour 每小时 5 美元的起薪

His wages have gone up.

他涨工资了。

Minimum pensions and wages are to be indexed to inflation.

最低养老金和最低工资要与通货膨胀挂钩。

Official statistics show real wages declining by 24%

官方统计数字表明实际工资下降了24%。

Wages were rising faster than productivity and this was eating into profits.

工资的涨幅高过了生产率增长的速度，从而消耗了利润所得。

They kept back 80 dollars from my wages for trade union membership dues.

他们从我的工资中扣下80元钱交工会会费。

His boss advanced him ￡ 10 against next week's wages.

老板给他预支了10英镑下周的工资。

The farmers pay pitiful wages, often in the form of food and clothes.

农场主支付的报酬少得可怜，还经常是以食物和衣服的形式。

Wages have been frozen and workers laid off.

工资已被冻结，工人也下岗了。

Families round here are at breaking point. They have been on half wages since October

这附近的家庭已经忍无可忍了。从10月以来他们就一直只领一半的薪水。

随着工会越来越壮大，有了提高工资、缩短工作时间的要求。

It's the wages that count. Not over-generous, but there you are

重要的是工钱，不要过于慷慨，但也没办法。

The dispute is about wages, working conditions and the management of the mining industry.

这场争论围绕着工资、工作条件以及矿业管理展开。

I was due for a raise when they put a freeze on wages.

我正好应当涨工资，他们却实行了工资冻结。

This leaves the Prime Minister, like his predecessors, earnestly trying to talk down wages.

这就使得首相和他的前任们一样，急于削减工资。

Wages are low and the wastage rate of staff is high.

工资很低，员工的离职率很高。

His wages are adequate to support three people.

他的工资够养活三口人。

Francis fined him two weeks ' wages and said:' That's the end of the matter. '

弗朗西斯扣了他两个星期的工资，然后说：“事情到此为止。”

Split the wages between you

工钱由你们两人平分。

The state, it is true, gave money towards their wages. Nevertheless the whole process had not been organized properly

诚然，政府已经拨款支付他们的工资。但整个过程没有组织妥当。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

日子很艰难，我们要靠她的工资来维持生活。

That, in turn would increase pressure for higher wages and that, in turn, would impact on inflation and competition.

那样就会增加工资上涨的压力，而那样又会对通货膨胀和竞争产生影响。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

4.income

指工作收入或因投资而获得的收益

money that a person receives for their work, or from investments or business 指收入、收益、所得：

income一般看作是可靠的固定收入; income 指所有渠道的收入总和，包括工资。

Low-income families are attracting more and more media attention.

低收入家庭越来越吸引媒体的关注。

people on low incomes

低收入的人

higher/middle/lower income groups

较高 / 中等 / 较低收入阶层

a weekly disposable income

200英镑的税后实得周薪

a rise in national income

国民收入的增长

average income平均收入

large/small income大额/小额收入

steady income稳定收入

fixed income固定收入

a second income第二份收入

taxable income应税收入

supplement your income补充收入

source of income收入来源

They receive a proportion of their income from the sale of goods and services.

他们一部分的收入来自出售货品和各种服务所得。

Tourism is a major source of income for the area.

旅游业是这个地区的主要收入来源。

Many families on low incomes will be unable to afford to buy their own home

许多低收入家庭将会买不起自己的房子。

Over a third of their income comes from comedy videos.

他们收入的1/3强来自于喜剧片。

Tourism is up, jobs are up, individual income is up

旅游火了，工作机会多了，个人收入涨了。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

Income from sales tax went down

来自销售税的收入下降了。

Health insurance costs are eating up his income.

医疗保险费用花掉了他大量的收入。

Your income must be declared on this form

必须在这张表格上申报你的收入。

The bottom chart shows the ratio of personal debt to personal income

下面的图表显示了个人负债与个人收入之比。

Government expenditures absorbed nearly three-fourths of the national income.

政府开支耗费了将近3/4的国民收入。

Taxes could be used to redistribute income.

税收可以用来对收入进行再分配。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

Shares and bonds can bring one quite a considerable additional income.

股票和债券能给人带来不菲的额外收入。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

She suggests you first assess your income and outgoings.

她建议你先估算一下自己的收入和开销。

Social imbalance worries him more than inequity of income.

社会失衡比收入不公平更令他忧虑。

In addition, interest on Treasury issues isn't subject to state and local income taxes.

另外，国债利息不需缴纳政府和地方所得税。

If you spend more than your income, can you try to cut down?

如果你入不敷出，可以试着减少开支吗？

As your income increases you will find less difficulty in finding the

money to meet your monthly repayments.

随着收入的增加，你会发现筹钱支付每月的还款没那么难了。

Gerald had little disposable income

杰拉尔德的可支配收入很少。

Critics point out that the prince, on his income, should be paying tax

批评家指出王子的收入应该纳税。

A large majority of elderly Americans depend solely on social security income.

大多数上了年纪的美国人仰仗社会保险金过活。

The net income per head rose by about 16 percent in the past three years.

在过去的三年中每人的净收入增长了大约16%。

His way of life conforms to his income.

他的生活方式与他的收入是相符的。

Inflation is considered to be undesirable because of its adverse effects on income distribution

通货膨胀被认为是有害的，因为它会对收入分配产生不利影响。

People on income support do not have to pay council tax.

领取收入补贴的人不必缴纳市政税。

5.pay

pay在这组词中含义最广。pay 的意思较为笼统，指从雇主那里得到的工资。

money that employees earn for doing their job 指工资、薪水：

The job offers good rates of pay.

这工作报酬高。

Her job is hard work, but the pay is good.

她工作虽辛苦，但薪水不低。

a pay increase

加薪

(BrE) a pay rise

加薪

(NAmE) a pay raise

加薪

a 3% pay offer

愿出3%的酬劳

holiday pay

假日薪金

make a pay claim

正式要求加薪

pay court to sb

献殷勤；奉迎；讨好

Pay court to a pretty woman.

对漂亮的妇女献殷勤。

Jean's so pretty that many young men pay court to her.

琼长得很漂亮，许多小伙子都向她求爱。

Mr Johnson went to pay his court to the king.

约翰逊先生去向国王献殷勤。

,