very 替换成高级词汇(相当于very的35例替换词语)

我们知道very可以修饰(加强或强调其后词语的语气)形容词、副词(及名词)等,在英语尤其是口语中,相当于very的副词结构也有很多。

当然我们知道very是不可用来修饰动词、不可修饰比较级、不可以用以修饰-ed结尾的被动结构、不可以用来强调具有极度性质的形容词(如very enormous是不可以的)。

——这是另外的话题。

下面就是笔者所遇到并搜集的一些相关同义或近义词语。

相当于very可以修饰形容词、副词常见词语有(以下按首写字母排列):

awfully, bitterly, dead, deeply, enormously, especially, exceptionally, extraordinarily, extremely, frightfully, heavily, highly, hugely, immensely, incredibly, intensely, more than, more than a little most, not a little, overly, particularly, pretty, remarkably, really, seriously, severely, so, surprisingly, terribly, tremendously, truly, unbelievably, wildly, wonderfully等35个词语。


——其中的awfully, bitterly, deeply, especially, extremely, heavily, highly, incredibly, more than, more than a little, most, not a little, particularly, pretty, really, seriously, so, terribly, truly, wildly, wonderfully在目前的高考英语中很是常见,特别是more than在改错中出现了不止一次。

very 替换成高级词汇(相当于very的35例替换词语)(1)


《朗文英语语法》(L. G. 亚历山大编著) 第254页

用jolly, pretty和dead取代very

在(非正式的)英国英语中,可用jolly和语气较弱的pretty取代用在形容词或副词之前的very

She’s a jolly good player. 她演奏得非常好。

The traffic is moving pretty slowly. 路上车辆走得相当慢。

pretty也可与well连用,意为“将近”:

The film was pretty well over by the time we got to the cinema.

当我们到电影院时,电影都快结束了。

dead常在非正式英语中与如下的形容词(不是副词)连用:

dead certain, dead drunk, dead level, dead quiet, dead right, dead straight, dead tired, dead wrong

You’re dead right! The war in Europe did end on May 7, 1945.

你说得很对!大战在欧洲的确是在1945年5月7日结束的。

indeednot (…) at all

在肯定句中very可用indeed来增强语气(so则不行):

That’s very good indeed. I enjoyed it very much indeed.

这真是太好了。我实在非常喜欢它。

at all则可(与或不与very much一起)用在否定句中。

Mike doesn’t enjoy the classic music (very much) at all.

迈克根本就不(是很)喜欢古典音乐。

用带-ly后缀的强调成份取代very

有些带-ly的副词,如extremely, particularly, really以及(口语中的)awfully, frightfully和terribly,常可取代very来加强语气,一般可与下列词语连用:

形容词:

Miss Hargreaves is extremely helpful. 哈格里夫斯小姐非常帮忙。

副词:

Dawson works really slowly. 道森干活真慢。

过去分词:

I’m terribly confused by all this information. 我被所有这些信息搞得十分糊涂了。

现在分词构成的形容词:

The information is terribly confusing. 这信息真把人搞糊涂了。

形容词 名词:

Dawson is a particularly good worker. 道森是个特别优秀的工人。

有些带-ly的副词可与动词连用:

I really appreciate all you’ve done for me. 我实在感谢你为我所做的一切。

very 替换成高级词汇(相当于very的35例替换词语)(2)



以下补充几例相当于very副词含义的结构:

so

《韦氏高阶美语英汉双解词典》第1833页so词条5

so: very or extremely很,非常

I’m so happy. 我非常愉快。

《当代美国英语学习词典》第1448页so词条

so: to a great extent, very很;非常

That elephant is so big! 那头大象那么大!

truly

《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第2255页truly词条2

truly: very非常;很

They have done a truly magnificent job. 他们干得真漂亮。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》第2852页truly词条2

truly非常;很

…a truly splendid man…非常优秀的人

They were truly appalling. 他们非常令人震惊。

remarkably

《最新高级英汉词典》第928页remarkably词条

remarkably(与形容词或副词连用)显著地;非常

sing remarkably well唱得真好

a remarkable fine day特别晴朗的一天

most

《最新高级英汉词典》第738页most词条

most(只加强语气,无比较意义,不带the)非常,极(= very, extremely)

most certainly当然;一定

I shall most certainly go. 我一定去。

It is a most dangerous trick to play with fire. 玩火是非常危险的把戏。

This is most difficult. 这极困难。

most代替very表示非常、极,十分,为加强语气,但只与带有感情色彩或主观意见的形容词或副词连用,如:most beautiful非常漂亮,most certainly当然,但是不说most tall或most quickly。

《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第1638页most词条

most ( adj/adv) formal very(正式)非常,很

Thank you for a most interesting evening. 谢谢你让我度过了一个非常有意思的夜晚。

I was most surprised to hear of your engagement. 听说你订婚了,我非常吃惊。

《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第1357页most词条

most: very(正式)很;非常

We spent a most enjoyable afternoon at the races.

我们观看赛马,度过了一个非常愉快的下午。

The landscapes are most beautifully painted in oils. 这些景色在油画中显得很美。

not a little

《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》第1227页little词条

He was not a little annoyed (= he was very annoyed) at the interruption.

他很烦被人打断

more than, more than a little

《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》第1353页more词条

more than: to a great degree; very extremely在很大程度上;非常;极其

Please call me anytime. I’m more than happy to help (out) in any way I can.

请随时打电话联系我。我非常乐意尽我所能提供帮助。

带有more than的分句常接另一个分句,以某种方式进一步说明或限制第一个分句。

I am more than happy to help you, but I’d appreciate being asked politely.

我非常乐意帮助你,但我希望你能有礼貌地向我提出请求。

more than a little: to a great degree; very extremely非常;极其

He was more than a little surprised by her decision. 他对她的决定大吃一惊。

《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第1634页more词条

more than happy/welcome/likely etc: very happy, welcome, likely etc—used to emphasize what you are saying非常乐意/欢迎/可能等(用于强调所说的话)

The store is more than happy to deliver goods to your home.

商店很乐意把货物送到你的家里。

The police are more than likely to ban the match. 警方很可能会禁止这场比赛。

overly

《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第1799页overly词条

overly: too or very太;非常;极为

Your views on economics are overly simplistic. 你对经济的看法过于简单。

I’m not overly fond of cats. 我不大喜欢猫。


正如开首所说的——其中的awfully, bitterly, deeply, especially, extremely, heavily, highly, incredibly, more than, more than a little, most, not a little, particularly, pretty, really, seriously, so, terribly, truly, wildly, wonderfully在目前的高考英语中很是常见,特别是more than在改错中出现了不止一次。

——希望能给予重视。

2017年7月29日

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