英语180个核心句型(英语宾语从句)

英语180个核心句型(英语宾语从句)(1)

1、主系表句型----- be

2、主谓宾----- do(vt)

3、主谓----- do(vi)----(不及物动词)

4、主谓宾补----do(vt)

5、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 记双宾语的动词一定要记。

6、There be (不及物动词do)--------be (不及物动词)

The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy

在英语语法上,习惯上我们所称的名词性从句指的是宾语从句,主语从句和表语从句的统称。因此,了解名词性从句首先应从宾语从句入手。

宾语从句:我们在前面学过主系表和主谓宾的句型,在主谓宾这个句子里出现了宾语,因此宾语从句是相对主谓宾的句型而说的。因此一个句子里,要出现宾语,则必须要求有谓语,没有谓语,就没有所谓的宾语。

宾语从句定义:在主谓宾句型的宾语的位置上把做为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或者do句型。可以用下列公式进行表示:主语 谓语 从句be或do。如:

① The girl is in the classroom (注:主系表句型,没有宾语,自然不存在所谓的宾语从句)

② he knows the news

主 谓 宾

③ he knows that the girl is a Chinese

主 谓

主 系 表

4、he knows that I love you

主 谓

主 谓 宾

5、he knows that the boy found a pen on the floor

主 谓

主 谓 宾 补

6、he knows that you give me a cup of tea

主 谓

主 谓 宾 宾

7、he knows that there was (lived) a man in the city

主 谓

谓 主 状

8 he knows that he read his book

主 谓 宾

9 he knows that he read that the story describes the newspaper

主 谓

主 谓 宾

10、he knows that he read that the story describes that the new depicts the scenery

主 谓

主 谓

主 谓 宾

学习应从以下三个方面掌握:

第一,选好连接词,并记住连词永远放在从句的开头。

①连词that:只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。例如:

1)He knew (that) president Bush would visit China next week.

主 谓 宾 状

2)I am glad (that) you can swim in the pool

②连词whether或if:它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解。例如:

3)I don’t know whether he will take a taxi there at 9 this afternoon.(or not)

4)John doesn’t know if/whether he can pass the exam for the university.

John doesn’t know whether he can pass the exam for the university(or not)

③连接代词which,(whichever) who(whoever),whom(whomever) ,whose(whosever),what(whatever)在从句中的意义:

5)The sailor asked the boywhich book he likes?(which做定语

定 宾 主 谓

6)I don’t know whosesister he loves.(whose 做定语)

定 宾 主 谓

7)I don’t know (who)whom he loves?(who做主语或宾语whom做宾语,不能做主语

宾 主 谓

I don’t know who love him ?

8) The conductor asks the passger what he wants ?(what 做宾语或主语

宾 主 谓

9) Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?

④连接副词when(whenever),where(wherever), why,how(however)分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语:

8)I don’t understand when she can solve the difficult problem.(when在从句中作时间状语,修饰solve,意为“什么时候”)

9)I don’t understandhow she can solve the difficult problem.(how作程度状语,修饰solve,意为“怎样;如何”。)

10) I don’t understand why she can solve the difficult problem. (why作原因状语,修饰solve,意为“为什么”。)

11、I don’t understand where she can solve the difficult problem. (where作地点状语,修饰solve,意为“在哪里”。)

⑤ 掌握how many, how much, how long, how often,how soon的意义:

I don’t know how much money you have? How much= how much money

I don’t know how many books you have?

I don’t know how often you go to swim ? ---- twice a week

I don’t know how soon you can finish your homework?--- one hour later

I don’t knowhow long the city is from the country?

第二,牢记宾语从句的语序是肯定句语序,事实上,所有的从句(包括宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句都是肯定句)例如:

11)can you tell me when did you go to school ?(错误,因为从句不能是疑问句,应该把did去掉)

12) Did you understand why ishe so angry ? (错误,因为从句不能是疑问句,应该把is放到he)

13) Do you know what time will the train arrive at the city? (错误,因为从句不能是疑问句,应该把will放到train的后面)

第三,注意从句否定意义的转移:

think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词所带的宾语中,如果从句谓语是否定的,一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去,而将从句宾语变为肯定形式。

如:我期望明天不会下雨 I expect that it won’t rain I don’t expect that it will rain

宾语从句公式:主语 谓语 从句be或do

同样的道理,如果在主系表的表语的位置上把表语变成一个be或者do句型,则为表语从句;公式为:主语 系动词 从句bedo

如:the problem is difficult

The problem is what you want .

举一反三,在主语的位置上把主语扩展为一个be或do句型,则为主语从句,其公式为: 从句be或do 系动词 表语 或者: 从句be或do 谓语 宾语 宾补/宾宾

如:the problem is difficult

That he learns English is difficult

主语从句 系 表

It is difficult that he learns English

形式主语 系 表 真正主语

再如:he attracts the children

That he learns English attracts the children .

主语从句 谓 宾

It attracts the children that he learns English

形式主语 谓 宾 真正主语

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