初学英语被动语态讲解(英语语法学习之)

NO.1 意义主动语态:可以理解为个人有意识、主动去做的,下面我们就来聊聊关于初学英语被动语态讲解?接下来我们就一起去了解一下吧!

初学英语被动语态讲解(英语语法学习之)

初学英语被动语态讲解

NO.1 意义

主动语态:可以理解为个人有意识、主动去做的

被动语态:可以理解为无意识去做,非个人意愿的

NO.2 句型

主动语态:主语 动词原形(根据时态变化)

被动语态:主语 Be done (过去分词)

主动变被动的时候普遍要加by(或省略) ," by "的意思是“被.....”,后面加宾语

一般现在时:

被动语态:is / am / are done

主动语态:主语 动词原形

eg: I eat a slice of cake. (我吃了一块蛋糕)= A slice of cake is eaten by me.

一般过去时:

被动语态:was / were done

主动语态:主语 动词过去式

eg:She bought a book.(他买了一本书)= A book was bought by her.

一般将来时:

被动语态:will be done

主动语态:主语 will do

eg: The concert will be performed in the pop music and classical music.

音乐会将演出古典和流行音乐。

现在完成时被动:have been done

过去完成时被动:had been done

eg: I have published my book. (我已经出版了我的书本)= My book have been published (by me.)

The police had pursued the thief. (警察已追捕小偷)= The thief had been pursued by police.

NO.3 区别以及注意事项

使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:

1. 不及物动词 无被动语 态。

The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。

This pen writes well. This new book sells well.

3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to。

make somebody do something→ somebody be made to do something

see somebody do something→somebody be seen to do something

eg: The boss made the little boy do heavy work.(老板让小男孩去做重活)→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.

4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.

He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.

5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us.

eg: 例题1:Could you tell me whom the radio__________by? -Sorry, I have no idea.

A invents B invented C is invented D was invented

解析:题干的意思是“你能告诉我收音机是谁发明的吗?”,发明收音机是过去的事,所以用过去时,排除 A和C;而radio和invent 构成被动关系,应用被动语态,排除B 答案:D

例题2:The young man was often seen _____ by the lake. A to draw B to drawing C draw D drew

解析:“看到某人做某事”为see sb.do sth.。句中动词原形是省略to的不定式,在被动语态中要还原to。 答案:A

除了以上注意几项,其他时候主动和被动语态可以随意转换表达可运用在书面表达,口语一般用主动语态居多。

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