高考一轮复习英语语法代词（高考英语语法部分）

专题三　代词代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词考点一　代词的基本用法，下面我们就来聊聊关于高考一轮复习英语语法代词?接下来我们就一起去了解一下吧!

高考一轮复习英语语法代词

专题三　代词

代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。考点一　代词的基本用法

1. 人称代词、物主代词及反身代词

	人称代词				物主代词
	人称		主格	宾格	形容词性 物主代词	名词性 物主代词	反身 代词
单数	第一人称	我	I	me	my	mine	myself
	第二人称	你	you	you	your	your	yourself
	第三人称	他	he	him	his	his	himself
		她	she	her	her	hers	herself
		它	it	it	its	its	itself
复数	第一人称	我们	we	us	our	ours	ourselves
	第二人称	你们	you	you	your	yours	yourselves
	第三人称	他们	they	them	their	theirs	themselves

She was beautiful and could run faster than others.

她(那时)很美并且能比其他人跑得快。

Give me a challenge, and I will meet it with joy.

让我迎接挑战，我会欣然接受。

He invited some friends of his to his party.

他邀请了他的一些朋友参加宴会。

The child looked at himself in the mirror with interest.

那个孩子饶有兴趣地看着镜子里的自己。

2. 含有反身代词的习惯用语

devote oneself to致力于

dress oneself自己穿衣服

enjoy oneself过得愉快

help oneself to随便吃，随便用

hide oneself把自己藏起来

make yourself at home别客气，不拘束

say to oneself心里想

seat oneself坐下

teach oneself自学

come to oneself苏醒

behave oneself表现得体，有礼貌

apply oneself to致力于……

by oneself独自地

of oneself自动地

[活学巧练]　单句语法填空

①[2021·河北衡水中学五次调考]In general，third­culture kids benefit from ________(they) intercultural experiences and they often reach excellent academic results.

②[2021·广东五校协作体一次联考]________(we) products are especially popular with the middle­aged and seniors.

③[2021·河南中原名校五次联考]After teaching ________(she) to surf with one arm，in 2004，she entered a major competition and won the ESPY Award.

答案：①their　②Our　③herself

考点二　常见代词(短语)辨析

1. both，all，either，any，neither，none

指代内容	都	任何	都不
两者	both	either	neither
三者或三者以上	all	any	none

[活学巧练]　单句语法填空

①I've lived in New York and Chicago，but don't like ________ of them very much.

②—Would you like to go shopping with me on Saturday or Sunday?

—I'm sorry. ________ will suit me. I'll be away on business during that period.

③My brother would like to buy a good watch but ________ was available from that shop.

答案：①either　②Neither　③none

2. one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those，it

替代词	用法
one	替代上文出现的单数可数名词，表泛指，与所替代的名词属于同一类，但不是同一事物，相当于“a/an＋单数可数名词”
ones	one的复数形式，替代上文出现的复数名词，表泛指，与所替代的名词属于同一类，但不是同一事物
the one	替代上文出现的单数可数名词，表特指，与所替代的名词属于同一类，但不是同一事物，相当于“the＋单数可数名词”
the ones	the one的复数形式，替代上文出现的复数名词，表特指(有后置定语时，相当于those)，与所替代的名词属于同一类，但不是同一事物
that	指代与前面提到的相类似但不是同一个事物的名词；指代特指的可数名词单数或不可数名词。指代可数名词单数时，相当于the one。一般不和冠词连用，其后总有修饰语
those	替代上文出现的复数名词(尤其是有后置定语时)，表特指，与所替代的名词属于同一类，但不是同一事物
it	替代上文提到的同一事物，不能带任何修饰语

[活学巧练]　单句语法填空

①[2021·天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查]The quality of education in this small school is better than _____________ in some larger schools.

②People living in colder regions are generally larger than _______________ living in hotter ones.

③We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ________ based on your own interests.

④I like this house with a beautiful garden in front，but I don't have enough money to buy ________.

答案：①that/the one　②those/the ones　③one　④it

3. other，the other，another，others，the others

词汇	用法
other	不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义
the other	可单独使用，特指两个人或物中的“另一个”；也可修饰名词，表示“另外的……”
another	可单独使用，也可修饰名词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few＋复数名词”形式，表示“另外的……(多少)”
others	单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some一起出现
the others	意为“特定范围内剩余的那些”

[活学巧练]　完成句子

①I don't like this hat. Please show me __________ one.

我不喜欢这顶帽子。请让我看看另外一顶。

②I have two books：one is written in English，and _________ is written in French.

我有两本书：一本是英语的，另一本是法语的。

③Some are Chinese；________ are Americans.

一些是中国人，另外一些是美国人。

答案：①another　②the other　③others

4. none，nothing，no one/nobody

词汇	用法
none	既指人也指物，后面可接of短语，一般用来回答how many，how much和which的提问
nothing	只指事物，后面不能接of短语，用来回答what的提问
no one/ nobody	只指人不指物，其后不接of短语，一般回答who的提问

[活学巧练]　完成句子

①The meeting will be held in September，but __________________ knows the date for sure.

会议将在9月份召开，但是没有人知道确切日期。

②Most of my new classmates are kind，but ________ is so good to me as Lucy.

我的大部分新同学都很善良，但没人像露茜那样对我好。

③—What have you been doing today?

—Oh，_____________ special，just hanging around.

——今天你都干什么了？

——哦，没有什么特别的，只是闲逛。

答案：①nobody/no one　②none　③nothing

5. something，anything，nothing，everything

[名师点津]　①something的特殊含义：大致，左右；被认为值得注意或重要的事物。

②anything but“根本不”。

[活学巧练]　完成句子

①Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly _____________ left in the house.

吉姆把他的大部分东西都卖了，在他的房子里几乎没剩下什么东西。

②_____________ terrible must have happened if he didn't answer the phone.

如果他不接电话那肯定是发生了可怕的事。

③While I agree with most of what you said，I don't agree with _____________.

尽管我同意你说的大部分看法，但并不同意所有的看法。

答案：①anything　②Something　③everything

考点三　it的用法

1. 指代时间、距离、自然现象等。

It's early spring，but it is already hot.

现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。

It is twenty miles from here to the village.

从这里到那个村庄有20英里路。

2. 指代前面所提到过的事情、事物、群体、想法及性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物，也可指代未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。

—What's in the picture?

—It is a cat.

——画上是什么？

——是一只猫。

3. 作形式主语或形式宾语指代不定式、动词­ing形式、名词性从句。

It is dangerous for you to swim in the river.

你在这条河里游泳是危险的。

He didn't make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.

他没说清楚何时何地举行会议。

(1)it作形式主语的常用句型：

①It＋be动词＋adj. /n. (＋for/of sb. )＋不定式

②It is no good/use/useless doing sth.

③It's (well) worth doing...

④It＋be动词＋名词词组(a pity/a fact/no wonder/... )/adj. ＋that从句

⑤It＋特殊动词(短语)(seem/appear/turn out/occur to sb. /... )＋that从句

⑥It＋be动词＋过去分词＋that从句

⑦It takes/took (sb. ) some time/some money to do sth.

(2)it作形式宾语的常用句型：

①主语＋谓语动词(think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/... )＋it＋adj. /n. ＋(for/of sb. )＋to do/that从句

②主语＋谓语动词(think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/... )＋it＋useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time(money/energy... )＋doing...

③用于like, enjoy, hate, love, appreciate等表示喜欢、憎恶等情感的动词以及depend on/upon, see to等动词短语后，再接when, if, that等引导的从句。

4. it的高频搭配：

when it comes to... 当涉及……

make it成功；确定时间为……(后接时间类名词)

as it is 事实上；照原样

get it 明白了

[活学巧练]　单句语法填空

①How would you like ________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?

②—A lovely day，isn't ________？

—Yes，I love ________ when the weather is like this. Why not go out for a walk?

③—Who's that at the door?

—________ is the milkman.

④When ________ comes to saving energy，big changes start with small steps，like turning off the lights.

答案：①it　②it；it　③It　④it

代词在语法填空题中考查指示代词、不定代词以及it的用法时无提示词，而考查人称代词、物主代词与反身代词的词形变换时常给出提示词。

[典题试做]

单句语法填空

1. [2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ________(it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.

2. [2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine ________________(they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.

3. [2019·北京卷]Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to ________(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.

4. [2019·天津卷]A study shows the students who are engaged in after­school activities are happier than ________ who are not.

5. [2018·全国卷Ⅲ]When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find ________(they) alive.

答案：1. its　2. themselves　3. myself　4. those　5. them

[高效演练]

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. [2021·湖南浏阳六校联考]However, quite a few other people, especially ________________ in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”.

2. [2021·山西太原质检]In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so ________ is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.

3. [2021·河北衡水中学一调]In the next few years，Hangzhou will try its best to prepare ________(it) for the big show.

4. [2021·湖北重点高中联考]They say normal levels of stress can help students to work and think faster and more effectively, as well as improve ________(they) performance.

5. I realized ________ was foolish to judge AI that way.

6. At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced ________(she).

7. Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do ____________ for the people of his town.

8. ________(two) changed colour，one white，the other red.

答案：1. those/the ones　2. it　3. itself　4. their　5. it

6. herself　7. something　8. Both

Ⅱ. 语法填空(代词专练)

“Without the ball，I'm half complete of 1. ________(I)，”Luis Figo，one of the world's greatest football players once said.

The Portuguese played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since.

He reached a new mark by playing 2. ________(he) hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England. A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for 3. ________(he) in Lisbon. “Figo，Figo，”4. ________(all，both) shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field.

The Real Madrid player,31，wanted to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win 5. ________(another，other) Spanish Cup with Real Madrid. Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona for 82. 4 million dollars in 2000，and he showed 6. ________(everyone，anyone) what a great player he was by winning FIFA's Footballer of the Year award in 2001.

“Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player，”said FIFA President Joseph Blatter in 2001. “Figo 7. ________(he) is a real leader 8. ________ always tries his best on the field and a good team player. He doesn't have any problems working together with his teammate at Real Madrid，star footballer David Beckham. ” In fact，Figo was the first 9. ________ to welcome Beckham when he arrived. “We have a strong team，and we can help one 10. ________ and work together to be successful，” Figo said.

答案：1. myself　2. his　3. him　4. all　5. another

6. everyone　7. himself　8. who　9. one　10. another

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