高考英语语法过去分词作定语（高考英语必考语法）

英语中，过去分词可以用作宾语补足语。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都来自及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：

She found the door broken in when she came back.她回来时发现有人破门而入。

此句中过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾语door之间具有被动关系，表示一种状态。再如：

My grandfather had his old house rebuilt.我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。

为了使同学们对过去分词作宾语补足语的用法有一个系统而又具体的认识，本文从几个模式上加以概括，以利于大家掌握。

一、过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep, leave等的后面。如：

They kept the door locked for a long time.他们把门锁了好长一段时间。

Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.不要让窗户一直像这样破着。

二、过去分词用在使役动词have, make的后面。

1.注意"have＋宾语＋过去分词"的两种用法：

A)表示"让某人做某事"。如：

I have had my bike repaired.我让人修了修我的自行车。

The villagers had many trees planted just then.就在那时，村民们叫人种了许多树。

B)表示"遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击"等。如：

My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月，我姐姐的钱包在汽车上被偷了。

The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.这位老人在事故中腕部摔坏了。

2."make＋宾语＋过去分词"，在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如：

I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高了嗓门以便于被人家听到。

They managed to make themselves under- stood using very simple English.他们用了很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。

三、过去分词用在感观动词watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等的后面。如：

When we got to school, we saw the door locked.当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。

We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。

四、过去分词用在want, wish, like, expect, order等表示"希望，愿望，命令"这一类动词后面作宾语补足语。如：

The teacher wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。

I want the suit made to his own measure.我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。

My parents expected me to be well-prepared for the entrance examination.我父母希望我好好准备入学考试。

五、过去分词用在"with＋宾语＋宾补"这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。

With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building，his house looks like a beautiful garden.周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。

［实践演练］

1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.

A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out

2. Mr. Brown was very disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ______ went wrong again.

A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired

3. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees ______ around our school.

A. plant B. planted C. planting D. being planted

4. Is this the recorder you want ______?

A. to have repaired 　　B. to repair it 　　C. to have it repaired 　　D. it repaired

5. She was glad to see her child well ______ care of.

A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking

6. The result of the entrance exams was not made ______ to the public until last Thursday.

A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known

7. He found them ______ at a table ______ .

A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess

8. I can make you ______ what I say, but you can't make yourself ______ in English.

A. understand; understand B. understand; understood

C. to understand; understand D. understand; to be understood

9. The girl asked him not to leave the door ______ .

A. to close B. closed C. to be closed D. closing

10. I have often heard the "ABC Song" ______，but I have never heard Alice ______ it.

A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing

11. John rushed out in a hurry，______ the door ______ .

A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocked D. to leave; unlocking

12. Before she came to England, she had never heard a single English word ______ .

A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. speak

13. ______ poor at English, I'm afraid I can't make myself ______ .

A. To be; understand B. I'm; to understand

C. Being; understanding D. Being; understood

14. I have had my bike ______, and I'm going to have somebody ______ my radio tomorrow.

A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired C. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing

15. You must get the work ______ before Friday.

A. do B. to do C. doing D. done

16. ______ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder ______ .

A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; gone

C. To have entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen

17. When his wife returned, the husband noticed her hair ______ short.

A. cutting B. to be cut C. being cut D. cut

18. The student are told to have their homework ______ in before tomorrow afternoon.

A. hand B. to hand C. handed D. handing

19. We are pleased to see the problem ______ so quickly.

A. settled B. having been settled C. be settled D. settling

20. The ______ professor found the matter ______ .

A. surprising; surprised B. surprised; surprised

C. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprising

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Key:1-5 CCBAC 6-10 BCBBC 11-15 ABDCD 16-20 BDCAC

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本文由书生小二郎原创。小二郎在省重点高中从事英语教学20余年，所带班级高考重点率在93.5%以上，多名学生考入香港大学、北京大学、清华大学、浙江大学、北京外国语大学等名校，擅长指导学生短期内快速提高英语能力和考试成绩。关注我，我们一起思考，共同成长！

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