12年考研英语真题及解析（考研高分学姐自己做的真题分析-2012.text1.英语一）

Text 1

图片来源于网络，如侵权立即删除

Come on -Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure（第21题）. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.

Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.

The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.” Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg（第22题） argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.

But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with（第23题） too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.

There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.（第24题）

Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.

本文关键词：peer pressure social cure

本文主旨：a social cure engineered from the outside never really works

21.According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as

根据第一段可知，同侪压力通常以（）的形式出现

[A] a supplement to the social cure

社会治疗的补充

[B] a stimulus to group dynamics

群体互动的刺激

[C] an obstacle to school progress

社会进步的障碍

[D] a cause of undesirable behaviors

不良行为的诱因。原文：It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. 通常会导致不好的结果，如酗酒、吸毒、轻率的性行为等，所以同侪压力通常是不良行为的诱因，D正确。

22.Rosenberg holds that public advocates should

罗森博格认为公共健康运动倡导者应该

[A] recruit professional advertisers

招募专业的广告人

[B] learn from advertisers’ experience

从广告人那里学习经验，原文：Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.罗森博格颇有说服力地指出，公共健康运动倡导者应向广告人学习，他们是如此熟谙同侪压力的运用，可见罗森博格认为应从广告人那里学习经验，B正确

[C] stay away from commercial advertisers

远离商业广告人

[D] recognize the limitations of advertisements

认识到广告的局限性

23.In the author’s view, Rosenberg’s book fails to

作者认为罗森博格的书未能

[A] adequately probe social and biological factors

充分探究社会和生物因素，原文：Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.加入俱乐部一书充斥着太多无关细节，却未能充分探究哪些促就同侪压力如此强大的社会和生物因素。Adequately 对应not enough，probe对应exploration

[B] effectively evade the flaws of the social cure

有效避免社会治疗的缺点

[C] illustrate the functions of state funding

说明政府基金的功能

[D] produce a long-lasting social effect

产生长期的社会效应

24.Paragraph 5shows that our imitation of behaviors

第五段表明，我们对他人行为的模仿

[A] is harmful to our networks of friends

对我们的朋友圈有害

[B] will mislead behavioral studies

会误导行为研究

[C] occurs without our realizing it

发生于不知不觉间，原文： we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.我们每天都在无意识地模仿他人的行为，without realizing对应unconsciously,C正确

[D] can produce negative health habits

会产生不良的健康习惯

25. The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is

作者在最后一段中暗示同侪压力的效果是

[A] harmful 有害的

[B] desirable 有利的

[C] profound 深刻的

[D] questionable 可疑的

最后一段：Far less certain，更难确定的是；The tactic never really works，这种策略从来没有真正发挥效果；通过这些描述可以看出作者对同侪压力的效果是怀疑的，D正确。

词汇总结

contend /kən'tɛnd/ vi. 奋斗，斗争，辩论； vt. 坚持认为，竞争

真题：But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.

译：但蒂娜罗森博格在其新作《加入俱乐部》中声称，通过她所谓的“社会治疗”，同侪压力也可以成为一种积极力量。在社会治疗中，组织机构和官员们利用群体互动的力量来帮助个人改善生活，甚至可能改进整个世界。

拓展：content 内容，目录，含量，满足的，满意的

perceptive /pɚ'sɛptɪv/ adj. 知觉的，有洞察力的，感知的

真题：The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer.

译：这一想法似乎很有前景，罗森博格也确实是一位有洞察力的观察家。

demonstrate /'dɛmən'stret/ vt. 示范，演示，证明； vi. 示威

真题：Her critique of the lameness(瘸，残废) of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on(恰好的，准确的): they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed(有缺陷的) understanding of psychology.”

译：她对许多公共健康运动缺陷的评论十分准确：它们没能调动起同侪压力以促进健康习惯的生成，且它们证实了对心理的严重错误理解。

convincing /kən'vɪnsɪŋ/ adj. 使人信服的，有力的，令人心悦诚服的；

真题：Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from(借鉴) advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.

译：罗森博格颇有说服力地论证指出，公共健康运动倡导者应向广告人学习，他们是如此熟谙同侪压力的运用。

拓展：be convinced of 相信

irrelevant (to) /ɪ'rɛləvənt/ adj. 不恰当的，无关系的，不相干的

真题：Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.

译：《加入俱乐部》一书充斥着太多无关细节，却未能充分探究那些促就同侪压力如此强大的社会和生物因素。

tactic /'tæktɪk/ n. 战略，策略； adj. 战术的，有策略的

真题：The tactic never really works. 译：这种策略从未真正奏效。

同义词：strategy

欢迎关注lisa的笔记 如需考研英语辅导可私信

,