八上英语unit3重点语法（人教版八上Unit6知识点总结二）

Unit 6

词汇全解

be able to

be able to意为"能够做某事"，可用于各种时态，有人称、时态和数的变化。

Will you be able to come to my birthday party tomorrow?

易混辨析

be able to/ can

( 1 ) be able to 有人称、时态和数的变化，可用于现在、将来、过去等多种时态。表示"通过努力成功地做成某事"，要用be able to, 而不能用can。

He is able to catch the early bus.

( 2 ) can无人称和数的变化，只能用于现在时和过去时。 can可以表示猜测，be able to 则不可。

That can't be Lily---- She's in Henan.

promise

promise用作动词，构成如下短语：

( 1 ) promise sb. sth. = promise sth. to sb. 许诺给某人某物

I promised him a nice gift.

( 2 ) promise ( sb. ) to do sth. 答应（某人）去做某事

He promised ( me ) to help me with my English.

( 3 ) promise that从句

He promised that he would study hard.

归纳拓展：promise可以用作名词，构成短语如下：

make a promise 约定；许诺

keep one's promise 遵守诺言

break one's promise 不守诺言；违约

at the beginning of

at the beginning of 表示"在.......之初"，其后通常接表示时间、事件或其他意义的名词，其反义词组为at the end of。

At the beginning of 1975 he came back to China.

This adverb can also be placed at the beginning of the sentence.

improve

improve = make sb. / sth. better = to become better, improve主要是指学识、水平、技术等方面的提高

It will help to improve your speaking.

We should improve the living conditions of the people.

固定搭配

improve oneself 提高自己 improve on 改进

write down

write down ( = put down ) 意为"写下；记录下"，由"动词 副词"构成。名词做宾语时，名词可以放在down之前或down之后；如果是代词做宾语，代词必须放在down之前。

Please write down the new words.

Please write it down.

have to to with

have to do with sb./ sth. 是动词短语，意为"与某人/某事有关系"。其反义短语为have nothing to do with sb. / sth. 意为"与某人/某事无关"。

My New Year's resolution has to do with physical health.

The accident has to do with his carelessness.

take up

take up 意思如下：

( 1 ) （尤指为消遣）学着做；开始做

He did not particularly want to take up competitive sports.

( 2 ) 接受，答应（提议或挑战）

96 percent of the eligible employees took up the offer.

符合条件的雇员有96%接受了这个建议。

( 3 ) 占用，花费（时间或精力）

I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to take up too much of your time.

习题演练

Finish your homework first, then you'll _______ surf the Internet for half an hour.

can B. need C. be able to D. may

---- Come home before dinner time, Peter!

---- I ______, Mom.

promise B. guess C. wish D. admire

会议开始时，她唱了一首歌。

_______ _______ _______ ________ the meeting, she sang a song.

_______ the story, the little boy returned home and stayed with his parents.

By end of

At the beginning

At the end of

In the end

Speak more, and you'll _______ your spoken English.

learn B. improve C. understand D. talk

If you _______ your name on the paper, you can get s magazine.

cut down B. look down C. turn down D. write down

I think what he said ________ his MP5. It was lost yesterday.

has to do B. has to find C. has to do with D. has to do for

The sofa is so large that it ______ half of the room area.

takes up B. picks up C. turns up D. puts up

句式剖析

Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.

too...to... 意为"太......而不能......",too后跟形容词或副词的原级，to在这里是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。此结构虽为肯定式，但其表达的是否定含义。若逻辑主语是动作的执行者，则需用for引出。

The article is too difficult for me to understand .

归纳拓展：

( 1) too... to ...可转化为 so... that结构，此时that从句的谓语动词要用否定形式。

The problem is too difficult for me to work out.

= The problem is so difficult that I can't work it out.

( 2 ) too... to...还可以转化为"not 形容词/副词 enough to do"结构，其中形容词/副词是too...to...结构中形容词/副词的反义词。

His son is too young to go to school.

= His son is not old enough to go to school.

疑难易错：

too...to...结构中，当too前含有否定词not, never, nothing等时，该结构不表示否定意义；当too前含有only时，only too相当于very/ very much,表示肯定语气；当too后有表达情感的形容词（如：glad, pleased, happy, sad等时），表示肯定意义。

One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。

The book is only too interesting to read. 这本书很有趣，值得读

She is too happy to hear the good news. 她听到这个好消息时太高兴了。

For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions!

动词不定式"to have no resolutions"在句子中做表语，表明主语的内容、性质或特征等。

Her dream is to be a scientist like Edison.

Her wish is to become a pop singer.j

They may help to make you a better person and to make your life easier.

句中make是使役动词，意为"使成为；使作为；使变成"，其后跟复合宾语（即宾语 宾语补足语）。"make you a better person"的结构为"make 宾语 名词"。"make your life easier"的结构为"make 宾语 形容词"。

Most pop singers make music their career.

The Internet makes our lives easy and convenient.

归纳拓展：make后跟复合宾语的其他用法：

( 1 ) make 宾语 不带to的不定式

Nobody made us to go to bed at a certain time.

注意：改为被动语态时，则要补上to。

Children should be made to understand the importance of saving water.

( 2 ) make 宾语 过去分词

The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard.

习题演练

Charlie is so young that he can't take the underground alone.

Charlie is _______ _______ to take the underground alone.

Lucy isn't old enough to see that film.

is so young that she can

isn't young enough to

is too young to

is so young to

My job is _______ ( teach ) English.

我的梦想是成为一位成功的商人。

My dream _______ _______ _______ a successful businessman.

I tried to make the baby _______ by singing, and that worked well at last.

To stop to cry

To stop crying

Stop to cry

Stop crying

那部电影是那么的无聊，以至于使我中途想离开。

The movie was so boring that it _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ half way through it.

基础水平考试

根据句意及汉语提示填写单词

College students always _______ （讨论）the news.

What's the _______ （关系）between the man and the woman?

Can you tell me what your brother's _______ （业余爱好）is?

The boy is not happy because of the _______ （学校作业）.

Don't let me do everything. I have my _______ （自己的）things to do.

补全对话

A: Did you make a New Year's resolution, Kim?

B: Yes, I did.

A: _____ ( 1 )

B: Well, I'm going to join a tennis team.

A: _____ ( 2 )

B: I'm going to play tennis every day. _____ ( 3 ) Did you make a resolution?

A: Oh, sure. I'm going to learn to play an instrument.

B: _____ ( 5 )

A: I think so. I'm going to join a guitar club.

_______ 2. _______ 3. ________ 4. _______ 5. _______

中考水平测评

单项选择

He promised _______ his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.

see B. seeing C. saw D. to see

---- What are you going to do during the summer vacation?

---- I am going to _______ a new hobby like swimming or dancing.

take off B. take up C. take after D. take in

Let me _______ your phone number and I'll call you when I'm free.

cut down B. turn down C. look down D. write down

---- The more I get to know Nancy, the more I can realize that we have a lot ______.

---- No wonder she is your best friend.

in style B. in common C. in need

任务型阅读

Here are some students' New Year's resolutions of 2015.

Hi, my name is Selina. I'm going to listen to the teachers carefully in class. I'm going to finish my homework on time. I'm going to get a tutor, because I am not good at some subjects.

My name is Dave. I'm going to eat fruit and vegetables every day. I'm going to drink more water and milk. I'm also going to brush my teeth after meals every day and wash my hands after going to the bathroom. As you know, a healthy lifestyle is necessary for everyone.

My name is Tina. I'm going to meet more people and make more friends this year. I'm going to be friendly to the kids who need friends----like someone who is shy or new. Mom and Dad often ask me to be more outgoing. They think I should get on well with my classmates.

I'm Tony. Chatting online is my favorite. But I'm not going to give out my information such as my name, home address, school name and telephone number on the Internet. I'm not going to send my own picture to others or chat with someone online unless I get my parents' permission（允许）.

根据短文内容，完成下列表格。

答案：

习题演练：

C 2. A 3. At the beginning of 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A

习题演练：

too young 2. C 3. to teach 4. is to be 5. D 6. made me want to leave

基础水平测试

一、1. discuss 2. relationship 3. hobby 4. schoolwork 5. own

二、1-5 BGAEC

中考水平测评

一、1-4 DBDB

二、1. study hard 2. healthy lifestyle 3. more outgoing 4. be friendly 5. his information

,