练习语法的最快方法（掌握一门语言的四个步骤）

The famous linguist Stephen Krashen published a book called Free voluntary reading.，我来为大家科普一下关于练习语法的最快方法?下面希望有你要的答案，我们一起来看看吧!

练习语法的最快方法

The famous linguist Stephen Krashen published a book called Free voluntary reading.

知名语言学家 Stephen Krashen 写了一本书叫做《自主阅读》。

And he claims that reading for pleasure in a foreign language may be one of the single most effective things that you can do in that language to learn the language better.

他声称为了娱乐阅读外文书，或许是一种把语言学好最有效的方式。

But it's not gonna be effective if you don't do it in the right way.

但是如果你没有按照正确的方法阅读，就不会那么有效。

So in this video I'm gonna give you four steps that will allow you to take books that you actually want to read.

所以，在这部影片里，我将介绍四个步骤方法帮助你，有效地阅读你真正想读的书。

Read them in your foreign language and make this an effective way to build vocabulary and learn your language.

在阅读外文书的同时，还可以学习外语、增进词汇量。

This channel is all about helping you learn how to learn languages in a way that's fast, fun and easy.

这个频道旨在为那些学习语言的人们，提供有效率且轻松愉快的学习方式。

And I think that reading in a foreign language is definitely gonna make learning languages easier and way more fun.

我相信阅读外文书肯定会让学习外语容易些，并且带来更多乐趣。

So the first thing you need to do, if you're gonna use books as an effective tool for learning languages, is you need to find the right book for you.

如果你想利用阅读来有效地学习语言，第一步必须做的，就是找到一本适合的书。

That means you're gonna have to find books that are enjoyable to read.

也就是说，你要找到一本读起来有趣的书。

Here I have 'The Game of Thrones' in Spanish which I read because I like 'The Game of Thrones'.

我手上有西语版的《权力的游戏》，我正在读这本，因为我喜欢《权力的游戏》。

Maybe you like non-fiction books so I bought 'The four hour work week' in spanish.

也或许你喜欢非科幻类型的，比如我手上这本《每周四小时西语》。

We also need to find books that allow us to use comprehensible input, which means that you should be able to understand about seventy five to eighty percent of what you're reading but not everything.

我们对这本书还必须有一定的理解能力。换言之，你不用读懂全部，但你必须能读懂 75% 到 80%的内容。

Cause if you already understand everything you're reading, it's not gonna help you learn that much.

因为要是你已经能读懂全部了，那没办法帮助你学习到很多。

If you're a brand, brand new beginner to your language, you might want to pick up some children's books because the vocabulary is super easy.

若是你对这个外语是完全的初学者，你或许想从童书开始，因为童书使用的词汇非常简单。

It's not difficult at all to understand that this says one fish, two fish, red fish, blue fish.

不难理解，这是一只鱼、两只鱼、红色的鱼、蓝色的鱼。

There is a gradient of children's books.

童书也是有差别的。

This is " The Little Prince" , which is originally in French, but you can get this in any language.

这是《小王子》，原版是法文的，但是你能找到任何语言的翻译版本。

And I highly recommend it because even though it's for children and it uses very basic vocabulary.

我相当推荐这本，因为虽然这是童书，而且用的词汇都比较基础。

It's actually really deep and adults can enjoy it a lot as well.

但其实内容意义深远，所以成人也能获得阅读乐趣。

I also suggest graphic novels because they give you pictures.

我也推荐漫画，因为里面有很多图片。

And you'll never be lost as long as you can follow the pictures.

你只要看图，就不会看不懂在讲什么。

And it's a great way for being able to follow along and learn in a foreign language.

所以很好阅读，学习外语也很有效。

A few weeks ago, I talked about using plays or any kind of theater because they use very short phrases.

几周前，我提过利用戏剧或是任何类型的剧场艺术形式来学习外语，这是因为它们会用简洁的词组。

And you always know exactly who's speaking.

而且你总能知道说话者是谁。

And you can watch that video I posted a few weeks ago.

若你想知道更多，请看我几周前发布的影片。

I'm not gonna go into detail here, but plays are a great way to learn.

我在这里不会细谈，但戏剧是一个很好的学习媒介。

And more than anything else, the best kind of book that you can read are books that you're already familiar with.

但最棒、最适合你的书还是你已经读过、很熟悉的书。

Here I have " Harry Potter" in French, Greek, and Spanish because these are all languages that I'm learning.

这里我有《哈利波特》的法语版、希腊语版和西语版，这些都是我正在学习的语言。

And I loved the " Harry Potter" books growing up, so I already know what's going on.

我一直都很喜欢《哈利波特》系列，也已经知道了故事情节。

And I can really understand from context, or just from memory what's happening, even if I don't understand every single word.

即使我读不懂每一个字，但是我其实是可以直接理解文本，或是回想这段的内容。

And that's a big help for comprehension, and for building vocabulary.

这对于理解内容而言，是很大的帮助。对于建立词汇量来说，也是如此。

And another important thing to remember is that shorter books are usually better.

另外一个重点就是，短一点的故事通常也是比较适合学习外语的。

You'll be more motivated when you see yourself progressing really quickly through the book.

当你发现你进展得很快时，就会比较有动力。

And then you can go back and read it again, or you can move on to the next book, and this is a big motivating factor.

然后你还可以重读这本书，或是换下一本继续阅读。这都可以推进你继续阅读下去的动力。

And the last step in finding the book that's right for you is where you're gonna get it.

最后找到适合你的书的步骤，就是获取书籍的方式。

I find Ebay to be the best place for getting used books because they're really cheap.

我发现 Ebay 是找二手书最好的地方，因为它们真的很便宜。

I usually use Wikipedia to find the name of that book in the foreign language.

我通常用维基百科查找书籍的外语书名。

Then I go to Ebay and find the book.

然后去 Ebay 找这本书。

And they can get shipped right to your door.

它们能够直接宅配到你家门口。

And you can't always go to the book store and find the book that you're looking for in the foreign language unless you live in that country,

因为除非你就在那个国家，不然你到实体书店也不见得能找到那本外语书。

But on Ebay you can get pretty much any book in any language.

但在 Ebay ，你能够找到几乎任何语言的任何书籍。

The second step in using books to learn a foreign language is you're just going to start reading purely for enjoyment, just because you like reading.

透过阅读外语书学习外语的第二个步骤就是，你要先为了乐趣而纯粹地去阅读，就只是因为你喜爱阅读。

And because it's a story that's interesting to you.

也因为这是你喜欢的故事。

Then you're going to get yourself a colored highlighter.

然后，你要拿出一支荧光笔。

And every time you run into a word during the story that you don't understand, you're gonna highlight that word.

每次读到书中你不懂的字时，把它划起来。

It's very important that you do not stop to look up the meaning of that word.

很重要的一点，不要停下来查字典。

All you're going to do is highlight it.

你只需要先把它标注出来。

That way you can come back later to look up the definition.

这样你等会就能回头查字义。

But you're not gonna stop and take the time to do it while you're reading.

但不能在阅读期间停下来做这件事。

You don't want to break the flow of your reading.

你不会想打断你的阅读进展。

And this is a really important exercise that's gonna help you be comfortable with not understanding 100% of what you read.

这也是一个很好的练习，帮助你习惯不用读懂 100% 的内容。

I mean you have to get comfortable with that because you're not always gonna understand everything.

我的意思是你必须习惯，因为你不会总是能读懂一本书汇总所有的内容。

And try to just highlight one or two words per page maximum,

试着每一页最多就划记一两个字。

And preferably one word every two to three pages.

最好是每两到三页才画一个字。

You don't want to highlight or underline every single word you don't understand.

你不会想要把你读不懂的每个字画起来。

That's gonna take too long, and you're gonna get overwhelmed.

那样太费时了，而且你会头昏脑胀。

Once you finish reading through the book one time just for enjoyment, we're gonna make a dictionary that is specific to you and to the book that you're reading.

等你只是单纯为了愉悦，读完一遍之后，我们要来自制专门针对自己还有这本书的词典。

You're gonna get an index card. And then you're gonna make a glossary that you tape right to the front of the book so that it's always there for you to reference every time you read the book from now on.

你要做一张索引卡，在里面列词汇,然后贴到书的前面，这样你接下来阅读的时候，有需要就能够马上查阅。

So to do this, you're just gonna flip through the book, you're gonna find every word that you've highlighted.

制作索引卡第一步，你要先翻过书本，看看每一个你画起来的词汇。

Then you're gonna go to wordreference. com or whatever website or app that it is that you use for translating words.

接着你可以去 wordreference 或是任何网址、应用程序把这些词汇翻译好。

You're gonna look up the highlighted words and then you're just gonna write them on the index card along with their definition.

把画线的字查好，然后把它们，连同字义一起抄写到索引卡里面。

Then you just tape it right to the front of the book.

接着就直接贴到书的前面。

And you'll always have this here as a reference every time you read through the book from now on.

这样你以后阅读，就随时都有参考数据了。

And the final step for learning a new language with books is you're just gonna repeat steps two and three.

用书本学习外语的最后步骤就是你要重复这个流程两到三次。

But, this time you have a quick reference to go to every time you run into a word you're not familiar with.

不同的是你这一次有了快速索引，每次看到不熟的字都可以赶快查。

And every time you get to a new word, you're gonna remember that this is a word you're trying to memorize.

并且每一次你遇到新单词时，你要告诉自己需要把它记起来。

Now, don't go immediately to the dictionary that you taped to the cover of the book.

不过呢，别马上翻到你的索引卡词典。

What you're gonna do is use this as a sort of mini quiz that you can use to test yourself and see if you can remember that word.

你现在要做的，是把这个当做一个小小测验，看看你能不能把这些单词记住。

These few seconds where you're actually exerting yourself, trying to remember the meaning, it's proven that this short period of time is actually very beneficial in helping you remember that word in the future.

已被证实的是，你在试图想起字义时度过的这短短几秒，其实对你将来把词汇记起来，是很有帮助的。

So you're gonna take a minute and try to remember the word.

所以你必须花点时间，试着把字义想起来。

And if you absolutely can't, then you flip to the beginning of the book, and that's when you look at your dictionary.

如果还是不行的话，那你再翻到索引卡去看词典。

And of course, as you read through the second time, you're gonna get yourself a different color highlighter.

而当你第二次阅读时，应该使用不同颜色的荧光笔。

And when you're done with the book, you're gonna make yourself a second dictionary that you'll also tape to the cover.

读完后，再给你自己做第二份词典，同样贴到书的前方。

Read through this book three or four times, and you should be able to understand every single word in the entire book.

照这样的方式读个三四遍，你应该就能够读懂书中的每一个字。

And if you think about it, this book took me several months to read, and there's a lot of words in here.

回头想想，这本书花了我几个月的阅读时间，而且里面有很多词汇。

And I'm able to understand all of them now because I use this method.

多亏这个方法，我现在能够了解里面所有的词汇。

So thanks a ton for watching my video.

谢谢你们观赏我的视频。

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