高中英语选修八第四单元课文学案（人教版高中英语选修八）

Unit 4　 Pygmalion 假如你叫李华,你的加拿大笔友Jean来信,表示想学习中国画,但是对中国画不太了解,请你根据下面内容,给Jean回信,简单介绍中国画的有关知识，我来为大家科普一下关于高中英语选修八第四单元课文学案?下面希望有你要的答案，我们一起来看看吧!

高中英语选修八第四单元课文学案

Unit 4　 Pygmalion

假如你叫李华,你的加拿大笔友Jean来信,表示想学习中国画,但是对中国画不太了解,请你根据下面内容,给Jean回信,简单介绍中国画的有关知识。

1.中国传统绘画是我国文化遗产的重要组成部分,历史悠久,深受人们的喜爱。

2.传统国画的作画工具有:毛笔、墨、宣纸(Xuan paper)、颜料(pigment)。

3.中国传统绘画的重要特征是:诗、书(calligraphy)、画、印(seal)完美结合。

4.中国历史上有许多传统的国画家,如齐白石,擅长画虾;徐悲鸿,对画马颇有研究。

Dear Jean,

I am very glad to learn from your letter that you like Chinese painting.

The traditional Chinese painting,an important part of our country's cultural heritage,has a long history.It is very popular among people at home and abroad.What we need for painting are writing brushes,Chinese ink,Xuan paper and pigments.Besides,an important feature of Chinese painting is that a painter should combine pictures,poems,calligraphy and seals perfectly. In fact,many painters are at the same time a calligrapher and a poet as well.

In Chinese history,there are many famous traditional painters,including Qi Baishi and Xu Beihong.Qi Baishi was proficient in painting little shrimps while Xu Beihong was famous for his lively horses.

Yours,

Li Hua

1.文章体裁:应用文——书信。

2.行文逻辑:引出话题→介绍中国画。

3.词汇短语:运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如:at home and abroad (国内外),Besides(另外),In fact(实际上)等。

4.句式句法:运用了多样化的句式结构。如:①宾语从句:that you like Chinese painting;②主语从句:What we need for painting;③表语从句:that a painter should combine pictures,poems,calligraphy and seals perfectly;④并列句:while Xu Beihong was famous for his lively horses等。

Ⅰ.单词荟萃

1.superior adj.优秀的;较高的;上级的 n.上级;长官→junior adj.(反义词)年少的;后进的;下级的 n.年少者,晚辈

2.adaptation n.适应(性);改编本→adapt vt.改编;(使)适应

3.classic adj.经典的;第一流的 n.经典著作→classical adj.古典的;经典的;传统的

4.fateful adj.重要的;决定性的;命中注定的→fate n.命运

5.hesitate vi.犹豫;踌躇→hesitation n.踌躇;犹豫

6.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的;不安的;不自在的→uncomfortably adv.不舒服地;不自在地

7.troublesome adj.带来麻烦的;使人心烦的→trouble n.麻烦

8.disguise vt.伪装;假扮;遮掩 n.伪装→in disguise伪装(的);假扮(的)

9.mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的;不正确的→mistake n. & v.误会

10.classify vt.把……分类;把……归类→classification n.分类;归类

11.extraordinary adj.不同寻常的;非凡的→ordinary adj.平常的;普通的

12.properly adv.适当地;恰当地→proper adj.适当的

13.fortune n.机会;运气;大笔的钱→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地

14.disapprove vt.& vi.不赞成;反对;认为不好→approve vt.批准;赞成→approval n.批准;认可;赞成

15.rob vt.抢劫;盗窃;剥夺→robbery n.抢劫(行为)→robber n.抢劫者;强盗

16.musical adj.音乐的;喜爱音乐的 n.音乐喜剧→music n.音乐;乐曲→musician n.音乐家

17.believer n.信徒;教徒→believe v.相信;信任→belief n.信仰

18.horrible adj.可怕的;恐怖的→horror n.恐怖→horribly adv.可怕地

19.disgusting adj.使人反感的;令人厌恶的→disgust vt.厌恶;反感→disgusted adj.感到反感的

20.effective adj.有效的→effect n.影响;效果;作用→effectively adv.有效地;生效地

Ⅱ.短语检测

1.in all directions 朝四面八方

2.hand over 交出;移交

3.pass…off as(把某人)改变或冒充成……

4.make one's acquaintance结识;与……相见

5.generally speaking 一般来说

6.in terms of 就……来说;从……角度

7.try one's fortune 碰运气

8.a handful of 一把;少量

9.show…in 带或领……进来

10.the other day 几天前

11.take away 带走;取走

12.once more 再一次

13.in need of 需要……

14.fade out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊;渐淡

Ⅲ.佳句再现

1.be of 抽象名词(=be adj.)表示具有某种特征或属性

Will that __________________(有用处)to you?

2.every time 引导时间状语从句,意为"每当……的时候"

But they betray themselves ______________(每当张嘴的时候).

3."once 过去分词"的省略结构

But, sir, (proudly) __________________(一旦被教育) to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.

4. What if…?如果……会怎样/怎么样?

__________________(如果我是又怎么样呢)?

5.对过去的虚拟结构:would have done…if……had done

__________________(如果我知道……我是不会来的)this disgusting thing you want me to do…

答案：1.be of any use 2.every time they open their mouths

3.once educated 4. What if I was 5. I'd never have come if I'd known about

【巧学助记】

构词法记忆 •动词后缀-fy,表示"使成为,使……进入状态"

①simple adj. 简单的→simplify vt.简化; 使单纯; 使简易

②pure adj.纯的; 单纯的; 纯真的→purify vt.使纯净,净化

③beauty n.美人; 美好; 完美→beautify vt. 美化,装饰

④horror n.恐怖→horrify vt. 使震惊,使感到恐怖

规律记忆 •三种特殊的独立结构

①现在分词型:generally speaking一般而言; frankly speaking坦率地说; judging from据……判断。

②不定式型:to be honest诚实地说; to tell you the truth和你说实话吧; to make the matter worse情况更糟的是。

③介词或连词型:considering prep.考虑到,就……而言;given(that) conj. 如果,假设;provided/providing (that) conj. 如果,假设。

单词点睛

●1 hesitate 　vi.(to pause before taking action or making a decision)犹豫,踌躇

(1)hesitate about/over sth. 　对某事感到犹豫不决

hesitate to do sth. 对做某事感到犹豫不决

(2)hesitation n. 踌躇,犹豫

without hesitation 毫不犹豫地

【活学活用】

(1)Never hesitate to turn to the teachers for advice if you meet with some problems in study.如果在学习中遇到一些问题,要毫不犹豫地向老师求教。

(2)He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball; otherwise he would have scored a goal.在踢球前他犹豫了一下,否则的话他就会破门得分了。

(3)He dived into the river and saved the drowning child ______________.他毫不犹豫地跳进河里救起那个溺水的孩子。

(4)语法填空。

①She was still hesitating______________whether to accept the invitation.

②She hesitated______________(spend) so much money on such a dress.

③She picked up her handbag,______________(hesitate)and almost made it to the door.

④He stopped at the turning fork,______________(hesitate) about which way to go.

(5)一句多译。

①Whenever his friends have some troubles, he ______________and require no rewards.(介词短语)

②Whenever his friends have some troubles, he ______________and require no rewards. (hesitate to)

每当朋友遇到困难时,他都会义不容辞地给予帮助,不要求回报。

答案：(3)without hesitation　(4)①about/over ②to spend　③hesitated　④hesitating

(5)①will help them without hesitation　 ②will never hesitate to help them

●2 classify 　vt. (to arrange or organize according to class or category)编排;分类;归类

(1)classify sb./sth. (as sth.)=group…into 将某人/某物归类

be classified into… 划分成;分类成

be classified by… 按照……分类

(2)a classified directory 　　　　分类目录

classified advertisements 分类广告

【活学活用】

(1)Men in the post office classify mail according to/by places where it is to go.邮局里的人员将信件按寄送地点分类。

(2)It is required that the books in the library (should) be classified by subject.图书馆里的图书要根据科目分类。

(3)Within a few years he wrote five books, none of which could be easily classified as a novel.他在短短几年内写了五部书,每一部都不能简单地归为小说。

(4)语法填空。

①According to the subject, her short poems can be classified______________two groups: poems about nature and poems about human life.

②In a toy library, children's toys and games are classified______________age groups just as books usually are.

③More than three-fourths of those surveyed classify themselves______________Christians, and 5 per cent belong to other faiths.

④______________(classify) so many books in libraries usually takes them lots of time.

⑤There are all kinds of letters waiting______________(classify) in the post office every day.

⑥He began to seek jobs in the______________(classify) advertisement column in the newspaper.

答案：(4)①into　②by　③as　④Classifying　⑤to be classified　⑥classified

●3 remark 　n.谈论;言论;评述 vt.& vi.谈论;评论;说起

(1)make a remark on/upon/about就……发表意见

(2)remark on/upon sth. 评论/谈论某事

remark that… 谈到/说起……

(3)remarkable adj. 非凡的;显著的

【活学活用】

(1)The teacher remarked about the high grades the class received on the test.教师就这个班级在考试中得了高分谈了自己的意见。

(2)The government refused to make any remark on the political scandal happening recently.政府拒绝对最近发生的政治丑闻做任何评价。

(3)A local newspaper remarked that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law.一家地方报纸评论说,由于强有力的法律措施,车祸在减少。

(4)语法填空。

①Professor Li made a short remark in the class ______________students' cheating in examinations, whose words left a deep impression on them.

②She showed______________(remark) courage when she heard the bad news.

.答案：(4)①about/on　②remarkable

●4 betray 　vt. (to allow a secret to become known, either by accident or on purpose)背叛;显露出;泄露

betray…to… 　　将……出卖/泄露给……

betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密

betray one's trust 辜负某人的信任

betray oneself 暴露本来面目,原形毕露

【活学活用】

(1)When you betray somebody else, you also betray yourself.在你背叛别人的那一刻,你也背叛了自己。

(2)She pretended to be happy but her eyes betrayed her sadness.她装作很高兴,但是她的双眼却流露出了她内心的悲伤。

(3)Once you have made a promise that you will not betray her confidence/trust, you should keep your word.一旦你承诺绝不辜负她的信任,你就要恪守诺言。

(4)It would be unbelievable that such an honest fellow ______________.这么诚实的人竟然出卖朋友,真令人难以置信。

(5)语法填空。

①He had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he betrayed______________(he).

②The stealer was sick of this life. Finally, he betrayed the fact______________the police.

③Feeling ______________(betray) by friends, the heartbroken boy was sitting there sorrowfully.

④______________(betray) by your best friend is an extremely painful thing.

答案：(4)should have betrayed his friends (5)①himself　②to 　③betrayed　④Being betrayed

●5 condemn 　vt.谴责;使……处于不幸/不愉快的状态;判刑,宣告……有罪

condemn sb./sth. for/as sth. 因……而谴责某人或某事

condemn sb. to sth./to do sth.迫使……接受困境(或不愉快的状况)

condemn sb. to… 判处某人某种刑罚

【活学活用】

(1)Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it.忘记过去的人必将重蹈覆辙。

(2)All the newspapers condemned the general for his speech attacking a friendly nation.所有的报纸都谴责了该将军的攻击友邦国家的演说。

(3)He was condemned to spend the rest of the football season on the bench. 他无可奈何,只能在这个足球赛季剩下的时间里做替补队员。

(4)As was expected,he was condemned to (=______________) ten years in prison for his armed robbery.正如所预料的一样,他因武装抢劫被判了十年监禁。

(5)语法填空。

①Mr Hong said he had borrowed the bicycle, but nobody believed him, and his neighbours condemned him______________a thief.

②He was condemned to death______________murder and later hanged.

③When the poor woman lost her husband, she realized that she was condemned ______________a lonely old age.

④Due to the rainstorm, they were condemned ______________(spend) a fortnight of idleness at that lonely island.

答案： (4)was sentenced to (5)①as　②for　③to　④to spend

●6 acquaintance 　n.[U](knowledge of sth.)相识;熟悉;熟知;[C](a person that you know but who is not a close friend)相识的人,熟人

(1)make one's acquaintance(=make the acquaintance of sb.)　　　　　与某人初次见面

have some/no acquaintance with对……有点儿熟悉/不熟悉

(2)acquaint vt. 使熟悉; 使了解

be acquainted/familiar with…与……相识,熟知;精通

【活学活用】

(1)It was at the Mapstone's party that I first made his acquaintance(=made the acquaintance of him), since when we became good friends.我是在迈普斯顿的聚会上初次与他相识的,自此我们成了好朋友。

(2)He has some acquaintance with German, but doesn't speak it fluently.他略懂一点德语,但说得不流利。

(3)I have heard about your friend but I am not acquainted/familiar with him.我听说过你的朋友,但同他不熟。

(4)语法填空。

①I could not speak the language, neither did I have friends nor_____________(acquaint) in the town.

②I am a newcomer and not acquainted ______________the rules and regulations here.

答案：(4)①acquaintances　②with

●7 compromise 　vi.& n.(a middle way between two extremes)妥协;折中

reach/arrive at a compromise 　　达成妥协

compromise/make a compromise with与……妥协

compromise on sth. 就某事达成妥协

【活学活用】

(1)After some discussion we arrive at a compromise.经过一番讨论之后,我们达成一项折中方案。

(2)Encourage your child to reach a compromise between what he wants and what you want.鼓励你的孩子在他的愿望和你的愿望之间找到一个折中点。

(3)Is the government prepared to compromise ______________the workers over their pay demand?政府是否准备向工人就其工资要求进行妥协呢?

(4)After a week's discussion, the two sides reached a compromise______________the cost of the project.经过一个星期的讨论之后,双方就这个项目的费用达成了妥协。

答案：(3)with　(4)on

●8 fade 　vi.& vt.(使)褪色;减弱;逐渐消失;凋落

fade out 　　(声音、画面)逐渐模糊;渐淡

fade away 衰弱;病重死亡;逐渐消失

fade into 逐渐消失在……

fade from 从……逐渐消失

【活学活用】

(1)All the bright,precious things fade so fast.And they don't come back.所有的光鲜靓丽都消失得如此之快,并且一去不复返。

(2)With the light beginning to fade,the two exhausted armies drew apart.天色渐晚时,两支疲惫不堪的部队分头行动了。

(3)The memory of her sufferings in her childhood will never fade (out) from her mind.她永远不会忘却童年时代所受的痛苦。

(4)用fade相关短语的适当形式填空。

①The closing music ______________when the hero rides off into the sunset.

②His name will never______________the memory of the world.

③As evening came the coastline______________darkness.

④With time going by, many people's memories of childhood ______________.

(5)一句多译。

①While it is convenient and easy to take online lessons, I am still positive that the classroom teaching ______________.(fade)

②While it is convenient and easy to take online lessons, I am still positive that the classroom teaching ______________.(replace)

尽管在网上上课方便又容易,我仍然乐观地认为课堂教学永远不会消失。

答案：(4)①fades out　②fade from　③faded into　④fade away

(5)①will never fade out　②will never be replaced

短语储存

●1 pass sb./sth. off as…　把某人/物改变或冒充成……

pass off 　　逐渐消失

pass away 去世(die的委婉说法)

pass by 通过,经过;忽视

pass out 昏过去;失去知觉

pass on 传递;传授

pass through 通过;穿过

【活学活用】

(1)Mrs White's headache had passed off by that night.怀特太太的头痛到了那天夜里便消失了。

(2)He passed himself off as a doctor until someone checked his record. 在人们查阅他的档案之前,他一直伪装成医生。

(3)______________, the gentleman took her to the party with him.那位绅士让她冒充他的女朋友,把她带去参加晚会了。

(4)用pass相关短语的适当形式填空。

①She went back to work while she was still sick, and finally she just ______________.

②Time quickly ______________without our knowing it.

③This ring has been ______________in my family from mother to daughter.

④He______________a difficult time after his son left home.

答案：(3)Passing her off as his girlfriend (4)①passed out　②passed by　③passed on　

④passed through

●2 in terms of…　就……而言;从……角度

come to terms with 　　达成协议;和好;接受;适应

be on good/bad terms 关系良好/不好

in the long/short term 就长远/短期而言

【活学活用】

(1)In terms of money, he's quite rich, but not in terms of happiness. 就钱来说他很富有,但就幸福来说就不然了。

(2)It was a bad year for films, in terms of both quantity and quality. 今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上来说都不好。

(3)用term相关短语的适当形式填空。

①She managed to ______________her pain and waited patiently for her doctor to come.

②It's rather difficult for a cocky person to ______________others.

③Learning is not always easy,but it is always beneficial ______________.

④We must consider problems ______________the people's interests.

答案： (3)①come to terms with　②be on good terms with　③in the long term　④in terms of

句型透视

●　 What if I was? 如果我是又怎样呢?

【句式点拨】

"What if…?"常用来提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等,意为"倘使……将会怎样/如果……将会怎样?"后面经常跟一般现在时,有时根据语境也可以跟虚拟语气。如:

What if something goes wrong?要是出了问题将会怎么样?

What if it rains tomorrow?如果明天下雨怎么办?

It sounds like a good offer, but what if it's a trick?那个提议听起来很诱人,但如果是个骗局怎么办?

【相关拓展】

(1)How come表示你觉得某件事很奇怪,有点想不通,意为"怎么会……?怎么回事……?",和Why一样用来引导一个问句。How come开头的问句使用的仍是陈述句的语序。

如:How come you didn't tell me earlier ?

(=Why didn't you tell me earlier ?) 你怎么不早点儿告诉我?

(2)"How/What about…?" 常用来征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议,意为"……怎么样?"

如:How about your English exam yesterday? 你昨天的英语考得怎么样?

(3)What for?为什么目的/为何理由?

(4)So what?那又怎么样?

(5)Why not do sth.?为什么不……?

【活学活用】

(1)What if it rains when we can't get under shelter?

倘若下起雨来,我们又没处避雨可怎么办?

(2)______________ you only call me when something's wrong?

为什么你只在有困难的时候才打电话给我?

(3)______________our going to the cinema tonight?

今晚我们去看电影怎么样?

答案：(2)How come　(3)What about

,