英语托福语法知识点总结大全（这6个单词加起来在托福模考题中出现了）

我们做托福阅读的时候，大脑对已经认识的词汇，会一扫而过。吸引我们注意力的，往往是长难词。

没有人能做到，一篇文章里所有词汇都认识。这是一种理想的状态，不存在的。

你和大神之间，差的其实是这些基础词汇。

所以你应该把注意力，放回“简单”的单词上。

下面我们就来检测一下，这些单词你真的会了吗？

【大家熟知的意思】

n. 分钟（读音是/’minit/）

【托福真题里的例子】

Consolidated (or cemented) sediments, too, contain millions of minute water-holding pores.

固化的沉淀物也包含着数以百万计微小的含水孔。

Nearly five billion years ago, some external influence, such as a shock wave traveling from a catastrophic explosion (supernova), may have triggered the collapse of this huge cloud of gases and minute grains of heavier elements, causing the cloud to begin to slowly contract due to the gravitational interactions among its particles.

【大家熟知的意思】

代表

【托福真题里的例子】

Consequently, even though portraits represent individuals, it is generally conventional or typical - rather than unique - qualities of subject that are stressed by the artist.

结果，尽管肖像画描绘的是个体，但是一般来说，被艺术家们所强调的，往往是肖像画表现对象的常规或者典型的品质—而非独特的品质。

Foreshortening: a technique for representing an image in art that makes it appear to recede in space

透视收缩：一种艺术中描绘一幅图像的技法，它让这幅图像显得在空间上回退。

photography eliminated the painted portrait miniature, led artists to accurately represent movement, and affected pictorial composition, but did not replace traditional visual arts.

摄影术淘汰了手工绘制的肖像画，让艺术家精确地描绘动作，并且影响了绘画构图，但是它却没有取代传统的视觉艺术。

【记】

v. 描绘(to show in a picture, painting, photograph, etc.)

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illustrate

【大家熟知的意思】

给……绘制插图（例如：He wrote and illustrated his own stories.）

【托福真题里的例子】

Paragraph 2 introduces a generalization that is illustrated by specific examples in paragraph 3.

第二段引出了一个概括，这个概括被第三段的特定例子所举例阐明。

What is the author’s primary purpose in paragraph 7? 作者在第七段的主要目的是什么？

A) To illustrate the importance of studying the brain

为了举例阐明研究大脑的重要性。

B) To demonstrate that human beings are the only mammal to desire fine control

of movement

C) To contrast the functions of the two hemisphere of the brain

D) To demonstrate that right-hand preference has existed for a long time

【记】

v. 举例阐明(to give examples in order to make something easier to understand)

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argue

【大家熟知的意思】

争辩，吵架

【托福真题里的例子】

In paragraph 2, why does the author mention the Ataturk and other dams in Turkey?

在第二段，作者为什么会提及Ataturk以及土耳其的其他水坝？

A) To contrast the Euphrates River with other exogenous rivers.

为了把右发拉底河与别的外生性河流进行对比。

B) To illustrate the technological advances in dam building.

为了举例阐明在水坝建造方面的技术进步。

C) To argue that dams should not be built on the Euphrates River.

为了主张水坝不应当在右发拉底河上被建造。

D) To support the idea that international river-basin agreements are needed.

为了支持“国际河流-盆地协议是有必要的”这种观点。

The remarkable mobility and range of pastoral societies explain, in part, why so many linguists have argued that the Indo-European languages began their astonishing expansionist career not among farmers in Anatolia (present-day Turkey), but among early pastoralists from Inner Eurasia.

畜牧社会非凡的流动性和活动范围部分解释了为什么那么多语言学家主张，印欧语系的那些语言，并不是在Anatolia（今日的土耳其）的农夫中，而是在欧亚大陆腹地的牧民中，开始了它们惊人的扩张生涯。

It was argued that once hunter-gatherers had occupied the whole world, the population started to grow everywhere and food became scarce; agriculture would have been a solution to this problem.

【记】

主张(to give reasons for or against something, to say or write things in order to change someone's opinion about what is true, what should be done, etc.)

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save

【大家熟知的意思】

v. 救

【托福真题里的例子】

All the carnivores in Brazil, save pumas, jaguars, and otters, are known to eat fruit on occasion.

巴西所有的食肉类动物，除了美洲狮、美洲豹和水獭，都为我们所知偶尔会吃水果。

（Henry Wadsworth Longfellow的名篇The First Snow里面有这么一个句子）

All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape, and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacy of their branches.

什么都是白色，除了河流，它在地表像一条黑色的线条蜿蜒，也除了没有树叶的树，此刻以铅灰色天空为衬托，更显现出它枝条的美与缠绕。

【记】

prep. 除了(except)

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promise

【大家熟知的意思】

v. 承诺

【托福真题里的例子】

Several solutions to the upcoming water supply crisis have been proposed, but none of them promises to keep the costs of irrigation low.

对于即将到来的供水危机，好几个解决方法被提出，但是它们没有一个有希望让灌溉成本保持在低位。

Steam also promised to eliminate a transportation problem not fully solved by either canal boats or turnpikes.

蒸汽也有希望消除那些没有被运河的船或者收费公路所解决的运输问题。

【记】

v. 有希望，有前景

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好，今天你花了 5 分钟，彻底学会了 5 个托福单词。可不要小看这 5 个单词，它让你离托福 120 又近了一步。

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