翻译改译题（翻译练习WelfareIn）

Welfare In The 21st Century: How To Make A Social Safety Net For The Post-covid World(1)

21世纪的福利：如何在后疫情时代的世界构建社会安全网（1）

Governments must remake the social contract for the 21st century.

政府必须重建21世纪的社会契约。

后疫情时代的契约重建

After the Depression and the second world war, voters and governments in rich countries recast the relationship between the state and its citizens. Now the pandemic has seen the old rules on social spending ripped up. More than three-quarters of Americans support President Joe Biden's $1.9trn stimulus bill, which is due in the Senate and includes $1,400 cheques for most adults. And in the budget on March 3rd Britain extended a scheme to pay the wages of furloughed workers until September, even as public debt hit its highest level since 1945. Such boldness brings dangers: governments could stretch the public finances to breaking-point, distort incentives and create sclerotic societies. But they also have a chance to create new social-welfare policies that are affordable and which help workers thrive in an economy facing technological disruption. They must seize it.

在大萧条和二战之后，发达国家的选民和政府重塑了国家与其公民的关系。现在，眼看着一场新冠疫情撕碎了社会支出的旧规则。超过四分之三年美国人支持乔拜登总统提出的1.9万亿刺激法案，该法案预计送交参议院，内容包括给大多数成年人的1400美元的支票。即使在公共债务已经触及英国自1945年以来的最高点，但是在3月3日英国仍然将支付工人们停工期间的工资延长到了9月。如此大胆带来了危险：政府可能将公共财力拉伸到临界点，扭曲激励并导致社会僵化。其实，他们也有机会制定一个新的社会福利政策，既是政府可负担的，又能帮助工人适应这个面临技术性崩溃的经济，他们别无选择。

后疫情时代的社会保障

The past year has seen a wild experiment in social spending. The world launched at least 1,600 new social-protection programmes in 2020. Rich countries have provided 5.8% of GDP on average to help record numbers of workers. Government debts are piling up, but so far low interest rates mean that they are cheap to service. The public's mood had already been shifting. Britons used to grumble that layabouts sponged off the welfare state; now they are more likely to say help is too stingy. Last year over two-thirds of Europeans said they supported a universal basic income(UBI), an unconditional recurring payment to all adults. Affluent professionals have had their gaze drawn to the working conditions of those who deliver food and look after the sick. The struggles of women who have dropped out of the workforce to care for children and the elderly have become impossible to ignore.

过去的一年社会支出经历了一次疯狂的实验。2020年，全世界至少推出了1600项新的社会保障计划。发达国家平均拿出了GDP的5.8%来帮助工人的人数创下了记录。政府债务正在积累，不过低利息率意味着这些债务的偿还成本很低。公众的情绪已经在转变。英国人过去曾抱怨福利制度养懒汉，而现在他们更可能会说帮助太小气。去年超过三分之二的欧洲人表示他们支持全民基本收入（UBI），这是一种无条件提供给所有成年人的经常性收入。富裕的专业人士关注的是那些送餐员和看护病患者的工作条件。为照顾孩子和老人而退出劳动力市场的妇女们的困境已不容忽视。