威尼斯和水城的故事(每日外刊0531-)

背景知识

威尼斯是意大利东北部著名的旅游与工业城市,也是威尼托地区(威内托大区)的首府。威尼斯曾经是威尼斯共和国的中心,被称作“亚得里亚海明珠”,十字军进行十字军东征时也曾在这里集结,堪称世界最浪漫的城市之一。

1900年,该市最大的广场圣马可广场每年约被洪水淹没10次。如今,它每年被淹100多次。自100年前以来,海平面上升了23厘米。如果拯救失败的话,可能在2100年的时候这座水城将会被完全的淹没。

威尼斯和水城的故事(每日外刊0531-)(1)

正文阅读

Why Venetians are pondering raising their entire city

为什么在考虑提高他们整个城市

The relief in the City of Canals is palpable. For centuries, regular high tides—acqua alta to the locals—have flowed through Venice, submerging walkways, flooding buildings, and stopping boats from passing under its many bridges. For most of the city, at least, that is no longer the case. In operation since last year, after nearly two decades under construction, a giant piece of hydraulic engineering called the Experimental Electromechanical Module—known by its Italian acronym MOSE—now protects Venice and its lagoon. In a city where waders were as easy to buy as postcards and ice cream, most people can now go about their business without consulting tide charts. Property prices are up, especially for flats and shops on the ground floor.

运河之城明显松了一口气。几个世纪以来,定期的涨潮——对当地人来说是高水位——一直流经威尼斯,淹没人行道和建筑物,船只无法从许多桥梁下通过。至少,对这座城市的大部分地区来说,情况已经不同了。经过近二十年的建设,一项名为实验机电模块的巨型水利工程(意大利语缩写为mose)从去年开始投入使用,现在保护着威尼斯及其泻湖。在这个买水靴像买明信片和冰淇淋一样容易的城市里,大多数人现在不用查阅潮图就能处理自己的事务。房地产价格在上涨,尤其是底层的公寓和商铺。

Or at least, they are for now. Although MOSE is up and running, there are questions about how long the barrier will last. The flood-defence scheme was designed to serve for a century. But Hermes Redi, the director-general of Consorzio Venezia Nuova (CVN), the Venetian engineering consortium that built it, fears that, thanks to a combination of climate change and the gradual sinking of the city itself, its useful lifespan might be just half as long.

或者至少现在是这样。尽管MOSE已经启动并运行,但这个屏障能持续多久还是个问题。这个防洪方案的设计寿命是一个世纪。但是建造它的威尼斯水利局总干事Hermes Redi担心,由于气候变化和城市本身的逐渐下沉,它的使用寿命可能只有原来的一半。

MOSE is made up of 78 hinged steel floodgates that run for 1.6km along the sea floor beneath the three inlets to the Venetian lagoon. When a high tide begins, machines that consume enough electricity to power "a small town", as a technician puts it, compress air that is blasted into each floodgate. As seawater is forced out, the floodgates rise into nearly vertical positions. The resulting barrier holds back the Adriatic until the tide retreats.

MOSE由78个铰接的钢制闸门组成,这些闸门沿着三个入口通往威尼斯泻湖的海底延伸1.6公里。当涨潮开始时,用技术人员的话说,机器消耗的电力足以为“一个小镇”供电,压缩空气,将其喷入每个闸门。随着海水被挤出,闸门上升到几乎垂直的位置。由此形成的屏障阻挡了亚得里亚海,直到潮水退去。

今日单词

  • Venetian/vəˈniːʃn/ n. ;
  • ponder/ˈpɑːndər/ vt. 仔细考虑,琢磨,沉思;
  • relief/rɪˈliːf/ n.(不快过后的)宽慰,轻松;解脱;
  • City of Canals 运河之城;
  • palpable/ˈpælpəb(ə)l/ adj. 明显的;可感知的;易觉察的;
  • acqua alta 高水位;
  • submerge/səbˈmɜːrdʒ/ vt. (使)没入水中,浸没;湮没;
  • no longer the case 不再是这样了;
  • under construction 正在施工;
  • hydraulic engineering 水力工程:
  • Experimental Electromechanical Module 实验机电模块;
  • acronym/ˈækrənɪm/ n. 首字母缩略词;
  • lagoon/ləˈɡuːn/ n. 泻湖;
  • wader/ˈweɪdər/ n. 长筒防水靴;
  • consult/kənˈsʌlt/ vt. 查询,查阅;
  • tide charts 潮汐表;
  • Property prices 房产价格;
  • flat/flæt/ n. 一套房间;公寓;单元房;
  • for now 暂时,迄今为止;
  • up/ʌp/ adj. 在运行;
  • barrier/ˈbæriər/ n. 屏障;界限;
  • flood-defence/flʌd dɪˈfens/ n. 防汛;防洪;
  • director-general/dəˈrektər ˈdʒen(ə)rəl/ n. 总干事;理事长;
  • Consorzio Venezia Nuova 威尼斯水务局;
  • consortium/kənˈsɔːrʃiəm/ n. 联合企业;
  • thanks to 由于,归功于;
  • combination/ˌkɑːmbɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 结合,联合;
  • climate change 气候变化;气候变迁;
  • gradual/ˈɡrædʒuəl/ adj. 逐渐的,渐进的;
  • lifespan/ˈlaɪfspæn/ n. 寿命;使用期,有效期;
  • hinged/hɪndʒd/ adj. 有铰链的;铰链式的;
  • steel/stiːl/ n. 钢,钢铁;
  • floodgate/ˈflʌdɡeɪt/ n. 水闸;水门;防潮水闸;
  • beneath/bɪˈniːθ/ prep. 在……下方;
  • inlet/ˈɪnlet/ n. 入口;水湾;
  • consume/kənˈsuːm/ vt. 消耗,消费;
  • put/pʊt/ vt. 说;表达;
  • blast into 猛烈冲击;
  • vertical/ˈvɜːrtɪk(ə)l/ adj. 垂直的,直立的;
  • Adriatic/ˌeɪdriˈætɪk/ n. 亚得里亚海;
  • retreat/rɪˈtriːt/ vi. 撤退;后退;

素材来源

文本选自:The Economist(经济学人)

作者:Unknown

原文发布时间:27 May. 2023

每日美句

If at first, the idea is not absurd, then there will be no hope for it.

如果一个想法一开始不荒谬,那么它就毫无希望。

,

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