介词复习及介词习语复习（介词复习及介词习语复习）

介词复习及介词习语复习，今天小编就来聊一聊关于介词复习及介词习语复习?接下来我们就一起去研究一下吧!

介词复习及介词习语复习

介词复习及介词习语复习

一． 意思较为复杂的介词

1． About:

①关于：

I knownothing about the matter.

②围绕、环绕：

She hada gold chain about her neck.

③在……的附近；在……周围：

Thestreets about the castle are full of places of historic interest.

④正要……; 刚要……(后面接不定式):

Iwas about to speak when my companion drew my attention tosomething that was happening in the far corner of the room.

2． Against:

①反对：

Myfather was against giving votes to women.

Areyou for or against the suggestion?

②反抗、抵抗、对抗

Thewar against Napoleon; the fight against disease; to riseagainstoppressor.

③靠着；倚着：

Hestood with his back against the door.

Don’tlean against the wall.

④撞着；碰着：

Shestruck her head against the branch of a tree.

10. at:

①表示地点时，指最为具体、明确的地点。

Thepost office is at the corner of the street.

Iwill meet you at the railway station.

②表示时间时，指具体的时刻（几点几分）。

Theconcert starts at half past seven.

下列情况应该死记：

atChristmas; atdawn; at sunset; at noon; at night

③表示事物或人所处的状态。

Thetwo tribes were constantly at war.

Inever feel at ease in his company.

④表示原因。

Thewhole nation was in deep sorrow at the news.

Ihave called to see you at the request of a friend.

⑤表示“以……的速度”或“以……的价格”。

Thecar raced through the countryside at sixty miles an hour.

Eggsare sold at three shillings a dozen.

11. by:

①用以引出动作的发出者，汉语译为“被”、“受到”、“由”。

Hewas killed by a piece of falling rock.

②表示动作的方式或手段，汉语译为“通过”。

Passengersmust cross the railway line by the bridge.

Heearned a living by driving a taxi.

③表示位置时，意思是“在……的旁边”。

Ona cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.

④表示时间时，意思是“到……时（为止）”。

Ihave promised to have the work finished by the end of this week.

⑤表示买卖东西时用以计算的数或量；支付报酬时用以计算的时间。

Milkis sold by the pint, butter by the pound, and eggs bythe dozen.

Mostworkmen are paid by the week.

⑥ by 反身代词的意思是“独自”（没有人在一起或没有人帮忙）。

Shelives by herself in a small cottage in the country.

5. from:

①表示出发或行为起始的地点以及事物的来源，汉语译为“从”；“来自”。

Weset sail from Liverpool.

Teacomes from India and China.

Hejumped from a five-storey window into the street below.

②表示原因（通常用于贬义）

Allher life she suffered from headaches.

Thetwo explorers died from exposure to the cold.

③表示“防止”或“避免”。

Hesaved the child from drowning.

Weput on our raincoat to protect us from the rain.

动词keep、prevent、stop后搭配from都属于这种用法。

④表示“差异”或“对比”。

Wecould not distinguish one from the other.

Wefound a village very much changed from what it used to be.

单词different、tell (分辨，区分) 后搭配的from 均属这种用法。

6． For:

①表示目的。

Georgeis saving up for a camera.

Hewent into the shop for some cigarettes.

②表示原因，汉语常译为“因为”、“由于”。

Youcan’t see the wood for the trees.

Hewas given a title for services to his country.

③表示“赞成”、“同意”。

Areyou for the suggestion, or against it?

I’mall for anything that will make our work easier.

④表示“对……来说”、“考虑到……”。

Theweather is quite warm for November.

Heis tall for a boy of eight.

⑤表示动作持续的时间。

Lastweek I stayed in Beijing for three days.

⑥表示“交换”。

Ilet him have my watch for his camera.

Shebought it for five pounds.

⑦用以表示不定式的逻辑主语。

It is not good for children to have too muchmoney.

7. in:

①表示地点、范围，汉语译为“在……”; “在……中（内、里）。

Sheis a nurse and is working now in a hospital.

Doyou like the bird in the cage?

②表示时间时的用法：(在一段时间范围之内)

inthe morning ( afternoon; evening)

inspring (summer; autumn, winter)

inJanuary ( February, March……)

in1919

③相当于汉语的“用”、“以”之类的意思。

Please answer my questions inEnglish.

Only in this way can youremember new words easily.

④表示“进”、“入”一类的意思，但主要强调状态。

He put his hand in hispocket.

⑤表示衣饰等，“穿着”、“戴着”。

Doyou know the woman in white?

He is always dressed inuniform.

⑥表示“在……方面”、“在 ……上”。

I think he will have some troubles infinishing the task.

Mr. Green spend o lot of money inplaying computer games.

8. of:

①表示所属关系，汉语常译为“的”。

The soldiers of the Queen;

the surface of the road

the cover of the book

②表示“在……中”。

Threeof them;

halfof the money collected

③ 表示……的数量或种类。

Apiece of chalk

asheet of paper

④表示同位关系。

Thecity of Tianjin

thefact of my seeing him

⑤表示材料、成分等。

Adress of silk

Whatis the table made of?

Thebook consists of several chapters.

⑥表示“解除”、“分离”、“剥夺”。

Curesb of a disease;

robsb of his money

9. on:

①表示“接触”，汉语的意思是“在 ……上”。

Thebooks on the table;

havea hat on his head;

②表示时间时，专指确定的某一时间、日期、机会。

Onthe 1^st of October;

onthe morning of Mat the first;

③表示露天的地点。

Onthe ground;

onthe farm

④ “有关”、“关于”

He will give them a speech oninternational affairs.

⑤表示“是……的成员”、“在……任职”。

Heis on the committee.

Iwas on the football team of our school when I was a student.

⑥表示根据、基础、条件、理由等，汉语常译为“靠、借、由于”。

下列短语都属于这种用法：

bebased on; depend on; buy sth on credit

oncondition that; live onrice

⑦表示动作或状态在进行中，汉语可译为“在…… 中”。

On holiday; on duty; on sale; on business;

on fire;

10. over:

①表示垂直在上，但有一定的距离而不接触。汉语译为“在……上”。

Hold an umbrella over one’shead;

The lamp hung over the table.

②表示时间时，意思是“在……期间”。

Are you staying in London overChristmas.

Over the centuries

③表示“越过”。

Climb over a wall; our friends over thesea;

She spoke to me over hershoulder.

④ “在……对面“

They live over the street.

⑤表示数量上“超过”或“在……以上”。

Over eight years ago;

He spoke for over an hour.

⑥ 表示“遍及”。

All over the body (浑身)； travel all over the world;

Snow is falling over north of England.

11. with:

①表示一起、伴同等，汉语常译为“同”、“和”、“一起”、“跟”。

Combine theory withpractice; co-operate withothers;

learn English with Pro.Jones; be together withhim;

②表示伴随发生，汉语常译为“随着”。

Change with seasons; increase with years;

With these words, he wentout.

③表示“有”、“带有”。

A girl with golden hair; a room with furniture;

China is a large country witha long history.

④表示所使用的工具、手段，汉语常译为“用”。

Cut with a knife; take it with both hands

I have no money to buy it with.

⑤表示原因、理由，汉语常译为“因为”、“由于”。

Be silent with shame; be troubled with disease;

I can’t go out with all thesedishes to wash.

⑥用于表示情感、情绪的形容词之后，表示“关于、就、对”。

Be angry with sb. ; be satisfied with ;

be patient with;

⑦后接复合宾语，用以说明附带情况或交代细节。

A woman with a child in herarms;

read with a pipe in one’smouth;

speak with one’s tears inone’s eyes;

二．意思比较单纯的介词：

1.above:

①表示位置高于（=higher than ）,汉语译为“在……上面”。

500meters above the sea level;

The sunrose above the horizon.

② (价值) 甚于、胜过（= more than）

We lovetruth above everything else.

12. across:

①横越；横过

run acrossthe street; sail acrossthe Pacific;

②交叉

The twolines pass across each other at the right angles.

3.among:

(三者) 在……之中；在……中间

avillage among the hills;

Shanghaiis among the largest cities in the world.

4.beyond:

①在……的那边；在……以外

amile beyond the town’

Isyour house beyond the river or on this side of it?

②（时间）过了……；比……晚

beyondnine o’clock;

Don’tstay out beyond midnight.

③ 超出（范围、限度）；处于……之外

Thetask is beyond my strength.

Thebook is beyond me.

5.between:

（两者）在……之间；在……（的）中间

Choose between the two.

A railway between the two cities; love between mother and child

6. beside:

在……的旁边

Grassgrow beside the fence.

Comeand sit beside me.

7. behind:

①表示位置“在……的后面”、“在……的背后”。

Heleft nothing behind him.

Walkclose behind me.

Tomcame out from behind the door.

②底于、次于、不如

behindother boys of his age;

bebehind the needs of the objective situation;

8. besides:

除……之外，还有……

I havea few friends besides you.

Therewere five others present at the meeting besides him.

9. concerning:

关于

Please inform me concerningthis matter.

10. down:

①向下

rundown the hill;

Herhair was hanging down her back.

②沿着

Godown this street and turn left.

Hewas walking down the road.

11. during:

在……期间

duringthat period; during therevolutionary war;

The sungives us the light during the day.

The boyplayed during the afternoon.

12. except:

①除……之外

Weall succeed except him.

Wego to school every day except Sunday.

②短语exceptfor 表示在整体肯定的基础上，在细节上加以修整。

Theroad was empty except for a few cars.

Yourcomposition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.

13. into:

①表示动向，“到……里”

lookinto the box; walk intothe room;

workfar into the night; throwa letter into fire

②成为、转入

makeflour into bread; putChinese into English;

cutsomething into two;

14. near:

(空间、时间、关系等) 近；在……近旁

Myhouse is near the river.

It isconvenient living so near the station.

15. onto:

动态介词，“到….上”。

Step ontothe stage;

He jumponto the horse.

16. past:

① (指时间) “过”。

Halfpast six;

Heis past fifty.

②（指空间、地点）“过”；（从旁）“经过”。

Hehurried past me without stopping to speak.

17. regarding:

关于

He spoke to me regarding hisfuture.

18. round:

①围绕、环绕

travelround the world;

Birdsfly round and round a lighthouse.

②在……的四周

sitround the fire;

Tiethe belt round your waist.

③在各处、向四周

havea look round the shop;

Letme show you round the castle.

19. through:

①通过、穿过

Thewater flows through the pipe.

Lightcomes in through the window.

②从头至尾、自始至终

Sheread through the magazine.

Hesat through the concert although she didn’t enjoy it.

③表示方法、手段，汉语多译为“以”、“通过”。

Reachan agreement though negotiation;

Itcould be accomplished only though patient work.

④遍及、历尽

travelthrough the country;

hehas come though many hardships.

20. throughout:

贯穿、遍及

throughoutthe nineteenth century;

Itrained throughout the night.

21. under:

①表示“在……下面”、“在……底下”。

Theysheltered under un umbrella.

Thepolice suspected that the man had something under his coat.

②表示“在……控制或管辖之下”。

Eachprovince was placed under a military governor.

Hehas been under the doctor for some weeks.

③表示“比……少”　或“少于”。

No one under twenty-one canbecome a member of the club.

You will not get a house of this type underfive thousand pounds.

④表示“在…… 进行中”。

The subject is underdiscussion.

The hospital is underconstruction.

22. until:

①直到……（为止）（指时间= tothe time of）

Waituntil five o’clock.

②直到……（为止）（指地点=as faras）

Gostraight on until a large red building.

23. up:

①向上、在上

go up a hill;

②向上游、向内地

sail up the river; travel upthe country

三．介词习语：

1． Accordingto:

①依照；根据

Thework has been carried out according to your instruction.

②依……而定

Takeone to three tablets, according to the severity of the pain.

Thecharge for the hotel accommodations is from eighteen to twenty-five pounds aweek, according to the class of hotel.

2． Alongwith:

由……陪同（in the company of）；和……一起（together with）

Alongwith each outfit there is a book ofinstruction.

Thepainting was bought, along with other pictures, by a wealthyAmerican collector.

3． Apartfrom:

除……以外；除了

Apartfrom a few pounds a year interest onGovernment stock, I have no private income.

Hehas no interests, apart from his work.

4． Dueto:

由于；归功于

Theaccident was due to the carelessness of the signalman.

Apower failure, due to a fault in the cable, plunged the whole towninto darkness.

5． Inaddition to:

除……之外；又；加之

Onthe first day over three hundred people visited the exhibition,inaddition to those who were present at the opening ceremony.

6． Inbetween:

inbetween 和between大致相同，不过inbetween 有“反复”或“再现”的意思。在get 后面往往用inbetween.

Thereare flowers in between the trees.

7． Inspite of:

尽管

Wehad quite an enjoyable holiday, in spite of the bad weather.

8． Insteadof:

“取代、代替”，但译成汉语时说“而不是”通常更为通顺。

Thevegetarians present were given cheese dishes instead of meat.

Wefound ourselves in Birkenhead instead of Liverpool.

9． Onaccount of:

由于、因为

Trainsfrom Newcastle may be up to twenty minutes late, on account ofrepairs to the track.

Onaccount of weather, we had to cancel the projectedouting.

13. outof:

①表示“从里面到外面”。

Shetook a box of chocolates out of her bag.

Astranger came out of the door.

②表示从表面或某种物体中突出或伸出。

Anail was sticking out of the wall.

③表示“超出”。

Out ofsight; out ofreach; out of control

out of all reason; out of memory

④表示“没有”或“不再有”。

Out ofa job; out of work; out of office

14. togetherwith:

由……随同；　陪同

TheMayor and the Mayoress were present, together with the TownClerk.

Iam sending you the letter I have received from the County Council,togetherwith a copy of my reply.

,