little few区别及用法(数量限定词afewfew)
a few,few,a little和little这四组词语不仅形式上十分相似,他们的用法和含义也是很接近,初学英语者很容易把它们搞混记错。今天顺畅文化就把这些知识点再次梳理一遍,方便广大英语学习者理解记忆。
一、含义上的差别
从这些词语表示的含义上来看,a little和a few都是表示肯定的,可以理解为“虽然不多但是有一点”相当于“some”;而few和little表示否定,意思是“很少,几乎没有”。读者朋友们可以仔细理解品味下面几个例句,体会其中的差别。
1)、This fruit is very unpalatable, few people like to eat it.
=This fruit is very unpalatable, almost no people like to eat it.
(这种水果很难吃,很少有人喜欢吃)
2)、This fruit is very unpalatable, a few people like to eat it.
=This fruit is very unpalatable, some people like to eat it.
(这种水果很难吃,但有一些人喜欢吃)
二、与名词搭配上的区别
从与名词的搭配来看,few和a few只能接可数名词的复数形式;而little和a little后面则只能接不可数名词。例如:
few friends、few eggs、a few days
little money、a little water
三、和only、very的搭配差别
a little和a few只能与only搭配,组成only a little和only a few,表示强调只有这么一点儿;而few和little只能和very连用,very few和very little强调否定意义。
1)、This fruit is very unpalatable, very few people like to eat it.
(这种水果很难吃,很少有人喜欢吃。)强调很少人喜欢吃
2)、This fruit is very unpalatable, only a few people like to eat it.
(这种水果很难吃,但有一些人喜欢吃)强调还是有一部分人喜欢吃
四、not a little、not a few和quite a few
not a little并不是a little的反义词,a little我们知道表示“一点儿”,而not a little的意思则是“很、非常”。例如:
1)、He was a little happy.(他有点儿高兴)
2)、He was not a little happy.(他非常高兴)
相似的,not a few和a few这两个短语也不是是反义词,not a few表示“相当多,不少”。另外not a few=quite a few.例如:
1)、A few students participated in the competition.(一些学生参加了此次比赛。)
2)、Not a few students participated in the competition.(不少学生参加了此次比赛)
=Quite a few students participated in the competition.
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