能从小学用到大学的英语不规则名词复数表(能从小学用到大学的英语不规则名词复数表)

1 一般情况,在词尾加-s如:desk---desks书桌; girl---girls女孩 ;boy---boys男孩 ;pen---pens钢笔,今天小编就来聊一聊关于能从小学用到大学的英语不规则名词复数表?接下来我们就一起去研究一下吧!

能从小学用到大学的英语不规则名词复数表(能从小学用到大学的英语不规则名词复数表)

能从小学用到大学的英语不规则名词复数表

小学阶段,掌握以下内容就足够了:

1 一般情况,在词尾加-s。如:desk---desks书桌; girl---girls女孩 ;boy---boys男孩 ;pen---pens钢笔

2 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的词,在词尾加--es。 bus---buses巴士; box--boxes盒子; brush--brushes刷子; watch--watch手表

3 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为I,加-es。 baby-babies婴儿;family--families 家庭

4 以-f 或-fe 结尾的词,变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es。 knife---knives 刀; leaf---leaves 树叶

5 以o结尾的单词一般加-s构成复数,但是Negro,hero,potato, tomato,等词要加-es构成复数。

radio---radios收音机;photo---photos相片;piano---pianos钢琴;zoo---zoos动物园

Negro—Negroes黑人;hero---heroes英雄;potato---potatoes土豆;tomato---tomatoes 西红柿;

6 小学期间学到的可数名词变为复数形式的不规则变化如下:

man-men男人,woman--women女人;child--children孩子;Chinese--Chinese中国人,Japanese--Japanese日本人, sheep--sheep 绵羊,fish--fish 鱼,deer--deer 鹿;

foot--feet 脚, tooth--teeth牙齿,goose--geese鹅;mouse--mice老鼠; ox--oxen公牛;

口诀:男人女人a变e,孩子后加ren;中国人和日本人,绵羊鱼鹿形不变;脚和牙齿还有鹅,就把oo变ee;mouse、mice是老鼠,公牛ox加en;

更为完整和复杂的变化形式以及单词表如下(用到大学期间都没问题!)

1. 以f或fe结尾:大多数以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式时将其转为ves,

但个别直接加s:* roof → roofs 屋顶* gulf → gulfs 海湾* grief → griefs 悲伤, 悲痛, 担心* cliff → cliffs 悬崖, 峭壁* beef → beefs 牛肉* chief → chiefs 首长, 首领* proof → proofs 证明* staff → staffs 全体职员

2. 元音:改变它们的元音声:* -man → -men 男……* -woman → -women 女……* fireman → firemen 消防员* foot → feet 脚* goose → geese 鹅* tooth → teeth 牙齿* mouse → mice 老鼠* louse → lice 虱子

3. 古代英语:有些是沿用古代英语:* child → children 小孩, 儿童* ox → oxen 牛, 阉牛

4. 以o结尾:

①以o结尾的单词加"s":(无生命)* auto → autos [美口] 汽车* kangaroo → kangaroos 袋鼠* kilo → kilos 千克, 公斤* memo → memos [口] 备忘录* photo → photos 照片* piano → pianos 钢琴* pimento → pimentos 多香果* pro → pros 赞成意见* con → cons 反对意见* solo → solos, soli 独唱, 独奏* soprano → sopranos 女高音* studio → studios 工作室* tattoo → tattoos 文身* video → videos 视频* zoo → zoos 动物园* bamboo → bamboos 竹子

② 有的则加"es"(有生命):* echo → echoes 回声, 反响* embargo → embargoes 禁运, 禁运令* hero → heroes 英雄* potato → potatoes 土豆* tomato → tomatoes 番茄* torpedo → torpedoes 鱼雷, 水雷* veto → vetoes 否决, 否决权* negro → negroes 黑人

③有的两种都可以:

* buffalo → buffalos / buffaloes / buffalo 水牛* cargo → cargos / cargoes (船/飞机的)货物* halo → halos / haloes 光环* mosquito → mosquitos / mosquitoes 蚊子* motto → mottos / mottoes 箴言, 格言* no → nos / noes 没有* tornado → tornados / tornadoes 龙卷风* volcano → volcanos / volcanoes 火山* zero → zeros / zeroes 零* commando → commands / commandoes突击员

5. 不变:

单复数一样:* cod → cod 鳕鱼* deer → deer 鹿* fish → fish 鱼, 鱼类* offspring → offspring 子孙, 后裔, 幼崽* perch → perch 鲈鱼* sheep → sheep 绵羊* trout → trou 鲑鱼* bison → bison 野牛* moose → moose 驼鹿* aircraft → aircraft 飞机, 飞行器* barracks → barracks 兵营* crossroads → crossroads 十字路口* dice → dice 骰子* gallows → gallows 绞刑架* headquarters → headquarters 总部* means → means 方法, 手段, 途径* series → series 系列* species → species 物种

6. 借用单词:英语中有些单词是借用其他语言的。部分借用单词的复数跟随外语形式,下面每行的第二个单词都是外语形式,第三个为现时英语使用:

①以"a"结尾的转为"ae":* alga → algae 水藻* amoeba → amoebae, amoebas变形虫* antenna → antennae, antennas 触角,天线* formula → formulae, formulas 公式* larva → larvae (昆虫的)幼虫* nebula → nebulae, nebulas 星云* vertebra → vertebrae, vertebras 脊椎骨* alumna → alumnae 女校友

②以"u"结尾的转为"ux":* beau → beaux, beaus 情郎, 纨绔子弟* bureau → bureaux, bureaus 局, 机构* tableau → tableaux, tableaus 舞台造型, 场景* plateau → plateaux, plateaus 高原, 平顶

③ 以"us"结尾的转为"-ora"、"-era"(适用于专业术语):* corpus → corpora 资料, 文集, 文献* genus → genera (动植物的)属, 类

④ 以"us"结尾的转为"i":* alumnus → alumni 校友* bacillus → bacilli 杆菌* cactus → cacti, cactuses 仙人球,仙人掌* focus → foci 焦点* fungus → fungi, funguses 真菌* nucleus → nuclei 核心, 原子核* octopus → octopi, octopuses 章鱼* radius → radii, radiuses 半径* stimulus → stimuli 刺激物, 促进因素* syllabus → syllabi, syllabuses 大纲, 提纲* terminus → termini 终点, 目标, 界碑* hippopotamus→ hippopotami 河马* genius → genii, geniuses 天才* abacus → abaci, abacuses 算盘

⑤ 以"um"结尾的转为"a":* addendum → addenda 附录, 补遗* bacterium → bacteria 细菌* curriculum → curricula, curriculums 总课程* datum → data 数据* erratum → errata 写错, 排错, 勘误* medium → media 媒体* memorandum → memoranda, memorandums 备忘* ovum → ova 卵子, 卵细胞* stratum → strata, stratums 岩层, 地层, 阶层* symposium → symposia, symposiums座谈会* agendum → agenda 议程* vacuum → vacua, vacuums 真空, 空虚, 空白* gymnasium → gymnasia 健身房, 体育馆* stadium → stadia, stadiums 体育场* forum → for a, forums 论坛* minimum → minima 最小量* ultimatum → ultimata, ultimatums 最后通牒

⑥ 以"ex"或"ix"结尾的转为"ices":* apex → apices, apexes 顶点* appendix → appendices, appendixes 附录* cervix → cervices, cervixes 宫颈* index → indices, indexes 目录, 索引* matrix → matrices, matrixes 模型, 矩阵* vortex → vortices, vortexes 漩涡

⑦以"is"结尾的转为"es":* analysis → analyses 分析, 解析, 纲领* axis → axes 轴线, 中心线* basis → bases 基础, 底座, 基点* crisis → crises 危机, 危机时刻* diagnosis → diagnoses 诊断法, 诊断结论* emphasis → emphases 强调, 重点* hypothesis → hypotheses 假设, 猜想* neurosis → neuroses 神经机能病/官能症* oasis → oases 绿洲, 乐土* parenthesis → parentheses 插入语, 圆括号* synopsis → synopses 摘要, 大纲* thesis → theses 论文, 论题, 论点* ellipsis → ellipses [语]省略* synthesis → syntheses 综合, 合成

⑧ 以"on"结尾的转为"a":* criterion → criteria (批评/判断的)标准* phenomenon → phenomena 现象, 征兆* automaton → automata 机器人, 机械手⑨ 英语中沿用其他语言的规则: 意大利语:"o"转为"i"* libretto → libretti (歌剧等的)剧本* tempo → tempi 拍子, 节奏, 速度* virtuoso → virtuosi, virtuosos 艺术家* concerto → concerti 协奏曲 希伯来语:加"im"* cherub → cherubim 小天使* seraph → seraphim 六翼天使 希腊语:加"ta"* schema → schemata 概要, 计划, 图表* stigma → stigmata 耻辱的标记, 瑕疵

二、 不规则名词复数列表(前面提到的除外)

A

* abacus → abaci, abacuses 算盘* addendum → addenda 附录, 补遗* agendum → agenda 议程* aircraft → aircraft 飞机, 飞行器* alga → algae 水藻* alumna → alumnae [美]女校友* alumnus → alumni 校友* analysis → analyses 分析, 解析, 纲领* antenna → antennas, antennae 天线, 触角* apex → apices, apexes 顶点* appendix → appendices, appendixes 附录* automaton → automata 机器人, 机械手* axis → axes 轴线, 中心线

B

* bacillus → bacilli 杆菌* bacterium → bacteria 细菌* basis → bases 基础, 底座, 基点* beau → beaux, beaus 情郎, 纨绔子弟* beef → beefs 牛肉* bison → bison 野牛* brace → brace 支架, 背带, 花括号* sister-in-law → sisters-in-law 大小姨子, 大小姑子

* buffalo → buffalos, buffaloes, buffalo 水牛* bureau → bureaux, bureaus 局, 机构* bus → busses, buses 公共汽车

C

* cactus → cactuses, cacti 仙人球, 仙人掌* calf → calves 牛犊* cargo → cargos / cargoes (船/飞机的)货物* cervix → cervices, cervixes 宫颈* cherub → cherubim 小天使* chief → chiefs 首长, 首领* child → children 儿童, 小孩* Chinese → Chinese 中国* cliff → cliffs 悬崖, 峭壁* cod → cod * 鳕鱼* corps → corps 军队, 特种部队* corpus → corpora, corpuses 资料,文集,文献* crisis → crises 危机, 危机时刻* criterion → criteria (批评/判断的)标准* curriculum → curricula, curriculums 总课程

D

* datum → data 数据* deer → deer 鹿* dice → dice 骰子* dwarf → dwarfs, dwarves 小矮人* diagnosis → diagnoses 诊断法, 诊断结论

E

* echo → echoes 回声, 反响* elf → elves 小精灵* ellipsis → ellipses [语]省略* embargo → embargoes 禁运, 禁运令* emphasis → emphases 强调, 重点* erratum → errata 写错, 排错, 勘误

F

* fireman → firemen 消防员* fish → fish, fishes 鱼, 鱼类* focus → focuses 焦点* foot → feet 脚* formula → formulae, formulas 公式, 方程式* forum → for a, forums 论坛* fungus → fungi, funguses 真菌

G

* genus → genera (动植物的)属, 类* goose → geese 鹅* gallows → gallows 绞刑架* genius → genii, geniuses 天才* goosefoot → goosefoots 藜* grief → griefs 悲伤, 悲痛, 担心* gulf → gulfs 海湾* gymnasium → gymnasia 健身房, 体育馆

H

* half → halves 一半* halo → halos, haloes 光环* headquarters → headquarters 总部* hero → heroes 英雄* hippopotamus→hippopotami, hippopotamuses 河马* hoof → hoofs, hooves 蹄* hypothesis → hypotheses 假说, 猜想

I

* index → indices, indexes 目录, 索引

K

* knife → knives 小刀

L

* larva → larvae (昆虫的)幼虫* leaf → leaves 树叶

* libretto → libretti (歌剧等的)剧本* life → lives 生命* loaf → loaves 一块, 一条(面包等)* louse → lice 虱子* looker-on → lookers-on 围观者

M

* -man → -men 男人* man doctor → men doctors 男医生* manservant → menservants 男仆* man-time → men-times 人次* man-day → man-days 人日* matrix → matrices, matrixes 模型, 矩阵* means → means 方法, 手段, 途径* medium → media 媒质, 媒介* memorandum → memoranda, memorandums 备忘* millennium → millenniums, milennia* moose → moose 驼鹿* mosquito → mosquitoes, mosquitos 蚊子* mouse → mice 老鼠

N

* nebula → nebulae, nebulas 星云* neurosis → neuroses 神经机能病/官能症* no → nos / noes 没有* nucleus → nuclei 核心, 原子核

O

* oasis → oases 绿洲, 乐土* octopus → octopi, octopuses 章鱼* offspring → offspring 子孙, 后裔, 幼崽* optimum → optima 有利条件* ovum → ova 卵子, 卵细胞* ox → oxen 牛, 阉牛

P

* paralysis → paralyses 麻痹, 瘫痪, 中风* parenthesis → parentheses 插入语, 圆括号* penny → pence 便士* perch → perch * 鲈鱼* person → people 人* phenomenon → phenomena 现象, 征兆

R

* radius → radii, radiuses 半径

S

* scarf → scarfs, scarves 围巾, 披肩* schema → schemata 概要, 计划, 图表* seed → seed, seeds 种子* self → selves 自己* seraph → seraphim 六翼天使* series → series 系列* sheaf sheaves [量] 捆, 束, 扎* sheep → sheep 绵羊* shelf → shelves 架子, 搁板* shrimp → shrimp 虾, 小虾* scissors → scissors 剪刀* species → species 物种* stadium → stadia, stadiums 体育场* still life → still lifes 静物画* stimulus → stimuli 刺激物, 促进因素* stratum → strata, stratums 岩层, 地层, 阶层* Swiss → Swiss 瑞士人* syllabus → syllabi, syllabuses 大纲, 提纲* symposium → symposia, symposiums 座谈会* synthesis → syntheses 综合, 合成* synopsis → synopses 摘要, 大纲

T

* tableau → tableaux, tableaus 舞台造型, 场景* tempo → tempi 拍子, 节奏, 速度* terminus → termini 终点, 目标, 界碑* that → those 那个* thesis → theses 论文, 论题, 论点* thief → thieves 贼, 小偷* this → these 这个* tooth → teeth 牙齿* tornado tornados, tornadoes 龙卷风* torpedo → torpedoes 鱼雷, 水雷* trout → trout * 鲑鱼* trousers → trousers 裤子

V

* vacuum → vacua, vacuums 真空, 空虚, 空白* vertebra → vertebrae, vertebras 脊椎骨* veto → vetoes 否决, 否决权* virtuoso → virtuosi, virtuosos 艺术家* vita → vitae 个人简历, 生活* volcano → volcanos / volcanoes 火山* vortex

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