p87知识解析（P47读懂字里行间增加敏感性）

P47 depression

Modern echoes

Many of Hall’s findings are echoed in research today. Hall believed that adolescents are highly susceptible to depression, and described a “curve of despondency” that starts at the age of 11, peaks at 15, then falls steadily until the age of 23. Modern research acknowledges a similar pattern. The causes of depression that Hall identified are startlingly familiar: suspicion of being disliked and having seemingly insuperable character faults, and “the fancy of hopeless love.” He believed the self-consciousness of adolescence leads to self-criticism and censoriousness of self and others. This view mirrors later studies, which argue that teenagers’ advanced reasoning skills allow them to “read between the lines,” while also magnifying their sensitivity to situations. Even Hall’s claim that criminal activity is more prevalent in the teenage years, peaking around 18, still holds true.

现代的回声

霍尔的许多发现在今天的研究中得到了回应。霍尔认为青少年极易患抑郁症，并描述了一条 "绝望曲线"，从11岁开始，在15岁达到高峰，然后稳步下降，直到23岁。现代研究也承认有类似的模式。霍尔确定的抑郁症的原因令人吃惊地熟悉：怀疑自己不被喜欢和有似乎无法克服的性格缺陷，以及 "对无望的爱情的幻想"。他认为青春期的自我意识导致了自我批评和对自我和他人的审查。

这种观点反映了后来的研究，这些研究认为青少年先进的推理能力使他们能够 "读懂字里行间"，同时也放大了他们对情况的敏感性。甚至霍尔的说法，即犯罪活动在青少年时期更加普遍，在18岁左右达到顶峰，仍然是正确的。

#阅读##心理##英文#

小孩子天真无邪一直快乐