初中英语高频词汇和句型（初中英语常见的30组词汇辨析）

1.out of question 毫无疑问的

【例句】He is out of question the best student in the whole class.

毫无疑问，他是全班最优秀的学生。

【例句】His success is out of question.

他的成功不成问题。

out of the question 不可能的

【例句】It's out of the question. I don't want to see her.

这是不可能的。我不想见到她。

【例句】For the homeless, private medical care is simply out of the question

对于无家可归的人而言，私人医疗纯粹是天方夜谭。

2.on fire 着火，起火

【例句】The workshop is on fire.

车间 [工厂] 起火了。

【例句】Something was on fire.

有东西着火了。

on the fire 在火上

【例句】The kettle was boiling away on the fire.

水壶里的水在炉火上开个不停。

【例句】Put another lump of coal on the fire.

往炉火上再加放一块煤。

3.in office 在职的，执政的

【例句】He had nothing tangible to show off three years in office.

他为官三年，无实绩可言。

【例句】Which political party is in office in your country ?

贵国是哪一个政党执政？

in the office 在办公室里

【例句】He was wanted in the office.

有人在办公室找他。

【例句】Would you introduce me to others in the office?

你能把我介绍给办公室的其他人吗？

4.the doctor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师。

用法讲解：做主语时谓语动词用单数。

【例句】The doctor and teacher is from China.

那位医生兼老师来自中国。

the doctor and the teacher 指两个人，一个医生和一个老师。

用法讲解：做主语时谓语动词用复数。

【例句】The doctor and the teacher are from England.

医生和老师都来自英国。

the doctor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师。

用法讲解：做主语时谓语动词用单数。

【例句】The doctor and teacher is from China.

那位医生兼老师来自中国。

the doctor and the teacher 指两个人，一个医生和一个老师。

用法讲解：做主语时谓语动词用复数。

【例句】The doctor and the teacher are from England.

医生和老师都来自英国。

5.go to sea 当海员，出海

【例句】Many boys wish to go to sea.

许多男孩都渴望当海员。

【例句】I stayed in London for some time, but I still wanted to go to sea.

我在伦敦停留了一段时间，但我仍然想去航行。

by sea 乘船，由海路

【例句】They often travel by sea in summer.

夏天他们常常乘船去旅行。

【例句】How far by sea is it from Shanghai to Dalian?

从上海到大连乘船有多远？

by the sea 在海边

【例句】They rented a villa by the sea.

他们租了一座海滨别墅。

【例句】He likes walking on the sands by the sea.

他喜欢在海边的沙滩上散步。

6.take a chair 相当于 sit down 坐下

【例句】Mr. Brown. Won't you take a chair?

布朗先生，请你拿把椅子坐下好吗？

【例句】I am a little fatigued , permit me to take a chair.

我感到有些疲乏了，请允许我坐下吧！

take the chair 主持会议

【例句】He asked Uncle Wang to take the chair.

他请求王大叔主持会议。

【例句】Who will take the chair?

谁来担任会议主席？

7.a girl 可指一个女孩，也可泛指所有女孩

【例句】She gave birth to a girl last night.

她昨晚产下一个女孩。

【例句】Can a girl carry such a big box?

女孩子能够搬动这么大的箱子吗?

one girl 一个女孩

【例句】I heard one girl whisper to a friend.

我听到一个女孩给朋友低语。

【例句】One girl was making faces.

一个女孩在做着鬼脸。

8.in secret “秘密地，偷偷地”，一般用作状语。

【例句】So they ran away here and got married in secret.

所以他们就跑到这里秘密结婚了。

【例句】They hold a conference in secret.

他们秘密地举行了会议。

in the secret “知道内情，知道秘密”，一般用作表语。

【例句】He was in the secret from the beginning.

他从开始就知道内情。

【例句】Is your brother in the secret?

你哥哥知道内情吗？

9.in place of 代替

【例句】Will you go in place of me?

你能代替我去吗？

【例句】I will go to this meeting in place of you.

我会代替你去参加这次会议。

in the place of 在…地方

【例句】A new school is set up in the place of the old one.

在学校的旧址上建起了一所新学校。

【例句】I put myself in the place of these people.

我把自己置于和他们一样的位置。

10.in a word 总之，一句话

【例句】In a word, I am tired of everything.

总之，我对一切都很烦。

【例句】In a word, I think most of them are very outstanding.

总之，我觉得她们大部分人都很出色。

in words 口头上

【例句】I don't want you simply to promise me in words that you will be good.

我不想你只是在口头上答应你会好好干。

【例句】He never expressed his idea in words.

他从来不说出自己的想法。

11.take air 传开，走漏，泄漏

【例句】The matter has taken air somehow. Everyone seems to know about it.

那件事不知怎地竟传开了，好像每个人都知道。

take the air （到户外）散步，透气

【例句】They take the air in the park every morning.

他们每天早上在公园里呼吸新鲜空气。

【例句】We'd better go out and take the air.

我们最好出去呼吸些新鲜空气。

12.take advice 征求意见

【例句】You should take advice from your lawyer.

你应该向你的律师征求意见。

【例句】I'll take advice on this matter.

我要征求对这个问题的意见。

take the advice 接受忠告

【例句】You should take the advice of your teacher.

你应该听老师的话。

【例句】If I were her I would take the advice.

我要是她就接受这个建议。

13.more than a year 一年多

【例句】I have lived here for more than a year.

我住在这里已一年多了。

【例句】The airport had been closed for more than a year.

该机场已经关闭一年多了。

more than one year 超过一年（两年或三年等）

【例句】I haven't spoken to him for more than one year.

我已经超过一年没和他说过话了。

【例句】Now I have lived in Chongqing for more than one year.

我现在住在重庆超过一年。

14.next year 从现在起的 “明年”

以现在为时间的计算起点。

【例句】My daughter is going to work next year.

我女儿过年该上班了。

【例句】The project will start next year.

这项工程明年上马。

the next year 从过去起的 “明年”

以过去某个时间点作为计算的起点。

【例句】She once said she would go to USA the next year.

她曾经说过她明年会去美国的。

【例句】The next year another song was recorded.

第二年又录制了另一首歌。

15.for a moment 片刻，一会儿

【例句】She looked up for a moment, then continued drawing.

她抬头看了一下，然后继续画画。

【例句】Would you mind waiting outside for a moment?

您不介意在外面等一会吧？

for the moment 暂时

【例句】I want to keep my options open for the moment.

目前我想暂不表态。

【例句】Stop writing for the moment, please.

请暂时不要写了。

16.by bus 表 手段，方式，不用冠词

【例句】Can I get there by bus?

我能坐巴士到那儿吗？

【例句】We go to the toy shop by bus.

我们坐公交车去玩具店。

on the bus 表 范围

【例句】I got on the bus and sat down.

我上了公共汽车并坐了下来。

【例句】I lost my wallet on the bus.

我把皮夹掉在公车上了。

17.three of us 我们中的三个 （不止三个）。

【例句】Three of us are from Beijing.

我们中有三个人是北京来的。

【例句】Three of us walked back about one kilometer and found Sun Yao.

我们中有三人往回走了一公里发现了孙尧。

the three of us 我们三个 （就三个人）。

【例句】The three of us did it!

我们三个成功了!

【例句】I have a picture of the three of us.

我有我们三人在一起的照片。

18.in front of “...范围外的” 前面

【例句】I'll meet you in front of your hotel.

我在你的旅馆前面接你。 （在旅馆的外面）

【例句】There was a tall tree in front of the house.

房前有一棵很高的树。 （在屋子的外面）

in the front of “...范围内的” 前面

【例句】I'd like to sit in the front of the plane.

我想坐在飞机前排。 （在飞机的里面）

【例句】The girl is standing in the front of the bus.

这个女孩站在公共汽车的前部。 （在公共汽车的里面）

19.a number of “许多”，谓语动词用复数。

【例句】We have lived here quite a number of years.

我们在这儿住了好些年了。

【例句】A number of students are cleaning the playground.

许多的学生正在打扫操场。

the number of “…的数目”，谓语动词用单数。

【例句】The number of deaths makes the story newsworthy.

死亡人数使这篇报道具有了新闻价值。

【例句】The number of business failures has risen.

企业倒闭的数量增加了。

20.price 指消费者为购买东西而需要支付的钱。

【例句】Is this the lowest price you can take?

这是你能接受的最低价格吗？

【例句】I bought this sweater at a low price.

我以很低的价钱买了这件毛衣。

charge 指商家对购买者收取的费用。

【例句】We have to make a small charge for refreshments.

我们得收取少量茶点费。

【例句】Delivery is free of charge .

免费送货。

fare 指乘坐火车、汽车、飞机等交通工具的费用。

【例句】What's the fare to guangzhou?

到广州车费多少？

【例句】The taxi fare was too high, so I persuaded her to cycle there.

出租车费用太高，所以我说服了她骑自行车去那里。

21.travel 是最常用的旅行

【例句】He met many interesting people in his travels.

旅行中他遇到了许多有趣的人。

【例句】Our travel plan has been cancelled.

我们的旅行吹了。

trip 指短期的旅途

【例句】They took a trip to Thailand last year.

他们去年去泰国旅行了。

【例句】His new job requires frequent trips to Shanghai.

他的新工作需要他经常去上海。

journey 指稍长的旅途

【例句】They are going on a journey to a strange country.

他们要去一个陌生的国家旅行。

【例句】They are planning another journey into space.

他们在计划另一次太空之旅。

voyage 指海上航行

【例句】She went on a long sea voyage.

她乘船在海上长途旅行。

【例句】The voyage is nearly over.

航行即将结束。

22.chick 指 “小鸡”

【例句】My friend gave me a baby chick.

我朋友给了我一只小鸡。

【例句】This is a chick, and that is a hen.

这是一只小鸡，那是一只母鸡。

chicken 指 “鸡”，还可以当 “鸡肉”

【例句】They keep chickens in the back yard.

他们在后院养鸡。

【例句】I have chicken and French fries for lunch.

我午餐吃了鸡肉和炸蕃薯条。

23.work 含义最广泛的“工作”，不可数。

【例句】Anyhow you must finish this work today.

你今天总要完成这项工作吧。

【例句】Now I meet with fewer difficulties in my work.

现在我工作中困难少些了。

job 多用于口语，侧重指受雇用的、以谋生为目的的“工作”。是可数的。

【例句】This must be a very difficult job for you.

对你来说，这份工作想必很难。

【例句】Peter does odd jobs for his neighbours.

彼得给邻居们打零工。

labour 尤指艰苦的体力劳动。

【例句】There is a clear division of labour in ants.

蚂蚁间有明确的分工。

【例句】In return for his labour, he receives food and shelter.

他以他辛苦的劳动换取食物和栖身之所。

24.couple 主要指人或动物

【例句】They were an odd couple.

他们是奇怪的一对。

【例句】The couple have no children.

这对夫妻没有孩子。

pair 多指由两部分组成的东西

【例句】She's knitting her husband a pair of socks.

她在给丈夫织一双袜子。

【例句】How do you like this pair of shoes?

这双鞋你合意么？

25.country n. 国家 侧重指国图，疆域。

【例句】China is a large country.

中国是一个幅员辽阔的国家。

【例句】Education is central to a country's economic development.

教育对一个国家的经济发展至关重要。

nation n. 国家 强调其民族、社会及经济结构。

【例句】New Zealand is an English speaking nation.

新西兰是一个讲英语的国家。

【例句】America is one of the world's leading industrial nations.

美国是世界上的主要工业国之一。

state n. 国家 侧重指政府，政体。

【例句】The means of production should be owned by the state.

生产资料应当属国家所有。

【例句】Should railways be controlled by the state?

铁路应该由国家控制吗？

land 指 国土，国家。

【例句】Japan is an eastern land.

日本是个东方国家。

【例句】They dreamed of travelling to foreign lands .

他们梦想去外国旅游。

26.cook 厨师

【例句】He is high on his job as a cook.

他爱好他的厨师工作。

【例句】They had a cookand a maid.

他们有一个厨师和一个女佣。

cooker 厨具

【例句】She bought a new cooker yesterday.

她昨天买了一套新厨具。

【例句】The cooker isn't working because of an electrical fault.

这个厨具不能用了，因为出了电气方面的故障。

27.damage v. 损害，毁坏

可以用于某物或某人的身体，表示使之失去价值或功能；也可用于感情、信心等，表示产生不良影响。

【例句】His car was damaged in a collision.

他的汽车被撞坏了。

【例句】Smoking can damage your health.

吸烟会损害健康。

harm v. 伤害，损害

用于人、动物或环境，也可用于名誉或形象，程度较轻。

【例句】The kidnappers didn't harm the little boy.

绑匪没有伤害那个小男孩。

【例句】His failures harmed his reputation.

他屡次失败使他的声誉受损。

hurt v. 受伤；损害，伤害

指身体、感情等受到伤害，侧重于感到疼痛，也可指产生不良影响，程度可轻可重。

【例句】He hurt his right leg badly in the football match.

在那场足球赛中，他的右腿受了重伤。

【例句】Unfair competition has hurt the company's position in the market.

不公平竞争已经对这家公司的市场地位造成损害。

29.problem 常和困难连系，前面的动词常为 think about, solve, raise。

【例句】His efforts at solving the problem failed.

他企图解决这一问题的努力失败了。

【例句】Let me know if you have any problems.

你若有困难就告诉我。

question 常和疑问连系，多和 ask, answer 连用。

【例句】She always asks difficult questions.

她总是问些不好回答的问题。

【例句】The President refused to answer further questions on the subject.

总统拒绝就这个话题再回答问题。

30.clothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数。

The clothes are worn-out.

衣服穿烂了。

Hang your clothes on the line.

把你的衣服晾在绳子上。

cloth 指布---用于制作服装的料子。为不可数名词。

Cloth is usually sold by the yard.

布通常是按码卖的。

clothing 服装的总称。

The girls were all in their summer clothing.

姑娘们都穿着夏装。

指一件衣服用a piece of clothing或an article of clothing

She bought two articles of clothing yesterday.

她昨天买了两件衣服。

,