人教版英语八年级下册unit1的要点（人教版八年级英语下册unit）

unit 09 have you ever been to a museum

考点（一）词语辨析Ⅰ. how构成的疑问短语辨析

1. How long表示 “时间多久或物体多长”. 表示时间侧重指 “一段时间”.针对 “How long” 的回答一般是时间段,如 “for three days”, “three years” “About two weeks”

2. How often表示 “多少时间一次或每隔多久”.是就做某事的频率提问。针对How often的回答一般是 “Twice a year”. “Three times a week”.

3. How soon表示 “多久之后”.侧重某人某事能多快时间完成. How soon的回答一般为: “ in 时间段” e.g. “ in two days” “in five years”

4．How far表示“多远” How far is it?

5. how many主要用来提问可数名词的数量

6. how much主要用来提问钱数或者提问不可数名词的数量。

如：How much is the book? -It’s five yuan.

How much mike do you want?—Only one bag.

7. how old 用来提问年龄。如：

---How old are you ?

-- I ‘m twelve years old.

【典型例题】

1. — （） apples do you want to buy?

— Ten, please. And （） are they?

A. How much ; how much

B. How many ; how many

C. How many ; how much

D. How much ; how many

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：你想买多少苹果？十个。它们多钱？How many 可数名词复数，提问数量; how much 不可数名词，提问数量；还可以提问价钱。结合句意，故选C

考点：考查疑问词的用法。

2.—________is a boat ticket for children?

—How old is your child? It’s free for kids under three years old.

A. How long

B. How much

C. How often

D. How soon

【答案】B

【解析】考点：疑问词辨析

3. __________ is it from Wuxi to Sanya and how much does it __________ to fly there?

A. How long； take

B. How far； cost

C. How soon； spend

D. How far； take

【答案】B

【解析】试题分析：句意：从无锡到三亚有多远？飞到哪要花费多少钱？根据语境可知第一个空是提问距离故用How far提问；根据固定句型It takes to do表示花费时间去做某事。结合句意，故选B

考点：考查疑问词组及动词辨析。

Ⅱ.hundred ,thousand, million辨析

hundred n 百 hundreds of 数以百的

thousand n 千 thousands of成千上万的

million n 百万 millions of成百万的

(1)当million 前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式

(2)当million 后与of 连用时用复数形式，

millions of 是数百万的意思，前面不能加数词

具体的不加s 也不加of，不具体的加s 也加of

【典型例题】

1.In our city, ________ college students want to work as a teacher in holidays.

A.thousand

B. thousands of

C. thousand of

D. two thousand of

【答案】B

【解析】考点：数词用法

2. There are _______ books in our library.

A. five hundreds

B. hundred of

C. hundreds of

D.five hundred of

【答案】C

【解析】试题分析：句意：我们图书馆里有成千上百本书。Hundred表示具体有几百时，用单数；表示虚指时，用复数加of，意为成千上百的。故选C。

考点：考查数词。

Ⅲ. 分数的表达

分数的表达法

1).结构：

a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词.

b).当分子大于1时,分母为序数词加s.

¾ = three fourths = three quarters

2).分数的几种特殊形式.

1/3—one third = a third

1/4—one fourth = a quarter

1/2—one second = a half

3/4—three fourths = three quarters

3).分数词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定.

不可数名词 动词单三形式

分数 of 可数名词 动词变复数形式

【典型例题】

1.of the teachers in our school women.

A．Two thirds, are

B．Two threes , is

C．Two third, are

D．Two thirds , is

【答案】A

考点：考查分数的表示法。

2.of our classmates are good at basketball.

A.Three quarters

B. Three fourth

C.Third four

D. Three four

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我们班的四分之三学生都擅长打篮球。分析：考查分数的用法，简单的说，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于一，分母用复数形式。例如：三分之一：one third，而四分之几时，用单词quarter表示。故选 A

考点：考查分数的表示法。

Ⅳ.listento/hear辨析

(1)listen/listen to 听，侧重听的“过程”

(2)hear 听，侧重听的“结果”

hear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事

I often hear him sing in the room.

hear sb. doing sth 听见某人正在做某事

I hear him singing in the room

hear of/about 听说

hear from=receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信

I’m sorry to hear that.

听到这件事我很难过(指听到别人不幸的消息时的用语)

【典型例题】

1. （）me carefully, boys and girls. Can you （） me?

A.Listen to; hear from

B. Hear; listen to

C.Hear; hear

D. Listen to; hear

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：本题的含义是认真的听，你们能听见吗？前半句强调动作用listen to，后半句强调结果用hear，故本题选D。

考点：考查动词的用法。

2.― I never _____ him after he went to the USA.

―Maybe you should write to him first.

A. hear about

B. hear of

C. hear from

D. hear out

【答案】 C

【解析】考点：短语辨析

Ⅴ.information/message/news辨析

information指电视、电脑或其它杂志等获得的信息，为不可数名词；

a piece of information 一条信息

You can get much information on the Internet

message“消息、口信、电报” 指书面、口头、无线电等传来的信息，为可数名词；

I’ll leave a message for her.

我将为她留个口信。

news“新闻，消息”，指通过报纸、电台、电视等新闻媒介报道的最新消息，为不可数名词。

a piece of news 一则新闻

Is there any good news today?

【典型例题】

1.—What ______ can you give me on learning English?

—I think you could join an English club

A advice

B news

C messages

D information

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析：句意：----关于学英语，你能给我些什么建议？--我认为你应该加入英语俱乐部。A advice建议；B news新闻；C messages消息，信息；D information消息。结合句意，故选A。

考点：考查名词词义辨析。

2.Just search the internet, you can get almost all the_____ you need.

A. informations B. information

C. picture D. story

【答案】B

【解析】试题分析：句意：只要上网搜索，你几乎就能得到你想要的一切信息。information消息，信息，不可数；picture图画；D. story故事。结合句意，故选A。

考点：考查名词词义辨析。

Ⅵ.have/has been to ， have / has gone to ，have/ has been in 辨析：

① have/ has been to 地名（ “曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。）　

He has been to England twice．

他曾经去过英国两次。(现在已经不在英国了)

Have you ever been to the Great Wall？

你到过长城吗?（现在已经不在长城上）　

②have /has gone to （“已经去某地了” ，说话时该人不在现场。）

He has gone to England。

他已去英国了。(已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或者在去英国的路上)

③have /has been in 地点 （待在某地，常与时间段搭配。）

【典型例题】

1. Mary, along with her parents ________Hainan for a week and they will come back soon.

A. have been to

B. has been in

C. have been in

D. has been to

【答案】B

【解析】考点：考查完成时态及动词应用

2.—Do you know where the twins are?

—Yes. They _______ Fuzhou.

A. have gone to

B. have been to

C. have gone

D. went to

【答案】A【解析】本题考查现在完成时，have/has been to 去过某地（已经回来了），have/has gone to去了（还没回来）强调不在说话地点，根据题意故选A.

考点：完成时态及动词应用

Ⅶ. invent与discover辨析

invent v 发明→inventor n 发明家→invention n 发明

1.invent 发明 指事物从无到有（客观上没有）

2.discover 发现 强调事物本身存在，只不过从“未知”到“已知”（客观上以前存在）

【典型例题】

1 After hard training for a long time, Liu Xiang ___the records again.

A. broke

B.achieved

C. invented

D. completed

【答案】A

【解析】

考点：考查动词词义辨析。

2. At that time, the calculator was a great ______ / ɪnˈvenʃn /.

A.invent

B. invitation

C.invention

D. inventor

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：在那时，计算机是一个伟大的发明。invent 是一个动词，意思是发明；invitation 是一个名词，意思是邀请；invention是一个名词，意思是发明；inventor发明者。根据句意和音标可知，这里是说计算机是一个伟大的发明，应该用名词。故选C。

考点：考查名词。

考点（二）点动词与延续性动词

点动词即该动词所表示的动作瞬间完成，不能延续很长时间也称非延续性动词。在现在完成动时当中点动词不能与段时间连用。若要表达同一含义，可以有如下表达方式。

1. 把点动词改为同义的延续性动词

borrow----keep

buy---have

die--- be dead

finish/end ---be over

start/begin----be on

come/go back----be back

go/leave ---be away

get to know----know

become---be

join----be a member of / be in ….

come/arrive-----be here/ in

put on—wear

go to sleep--- be asleep

catch a cold—have a cold

marry---be married

eg:( 误 ) I have bought the book for 2 weeks .

( 正 ) I have had the book for 2 weeks.

( 误 ) The dog has died for 5 days.

( 正)The dog has been dead for 5 days.

2. It is / has been 段时间 since sentence ( 一般过去时)

Eg: ( 误 ) He has joined the League for three years.

( 正 )He has been in the League for three years.

( 正 ) He has been a member of the League for three years

( 正) It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了

【典型例题】好

1.--- What a beautiful car! When ________ you ________ it? --- I________ it for two years.

A.did;buy;bought B.did; buy; have had

C.have;bought;havebought D. have; bought; have had

【答案】B

【解析】

考点：考查动词时态。

2. —Where is Mr. Wu? I haven’t seen him for several days.

—He_____ America and he _____ from his home since last week.

A.has been in;

has left

B. has gone to;has left

C. has gone to;

has been away

D. have been in;has been away

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：--吴先生在哪？我已经有七天没有看见他了。--他已经去美国了，自从上个星期，他就已经离开家了。分析：考查现在完成时，表示提到的人不在说话地点，用have gone to 去了某地。（have been in 待在某地）；同时since last week是段时间，离开要用延续动词，因此将leave转换为have been away.故选 C

考点：考查现在完成时的用法。

3. —Do you know the young woman in a red dress?

—Sure.We （） friends since ten years ago.

A.were

B. have become

C. have been

D. have made

【答案】C

【解析】

考点：考查时态的用法.

考点（三）重点短语

1.at night 在夜晚

2.in a more natural environment 在一个更加自然的环境中

3.all year round 一年到头;终年

4.be far from 离……远

5.in the d ark 在黑暗中

6.in the past 在过去

7.have been to sp. 去过某地

8.go somewhere different 去不同的地方

9.take the subway 坐地铁= by subway

10.learn about sth. 了解有关……的情况

11.on the weekend 在周末

11.camp in the mountains 在大山里露营

12.put up a tent 搭帐篷

13.in such a rapid way 以如此迅猛的方式

14.different kinds of 各种各样的

15.a nice place to enjoy tea 一个品茶的好地方

16.thousands of 数以千计的

17.three quarters 四分之三

18. have trouble doing sth在做某事时有麻烦

【典型例题】

1. ----Have you watched the CCTV news on TV?

----Yes,_______ children had a good festival on the ________ Children’s Day.

A. millions of, sixty

B. ten million, sixty

C.millions of, sixtieth

D. ten millions, sixtieth

【答案】C

【解析】

2. It takes me five minutes ____ home by bike.

A. to go B. going

C. went D.goes

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：骑自行车回家花了我五分钟的时间。固定句型it takes sb sth todo花费某人多长时间去做某事。故选A。

考点：考查固定句型。

,