英语高考完形填空什么时候用连词（2023高考英语语法专题）

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英语高考完形填空什么时候用连词

连词与并列句　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[语境中体悟用法]

朗读下面短文，体会、领悟连词的用法。

Not only had Niu Lang lost his parents, but (also)① he was often bullied by his elder brother.What he only had was an old and weak cow, but② he took good care of it. Other men at his age had children already, while③Niu Lang didn't get married yet. One day, the cow said unexpectedly, “I'd like to help you, for④you have attended me so carefully. Follow me, and you will get a wife⑤！” So Niu Lang went to the bank while several beautiful fairies were bathing in the river.Then he did as the animal told him, hiding the youngest fairy's clothes away and⑥telling her, “I am afraid that you will either lose your clothes or⑦ marry me.” As a result, the youngest fairy, Zhinü， became his wife. Both Niu Lang and⑧ Zhinü lived happily. However, the Goddess of Heaven was angry with her granddaughter marrying a human, so⑨ she said to Zhinü， “Go back to heaven, otherwise⑩ I will punish you！” Hearing this, Zhinü was not delighted but⑪ worried.Niu Lang was about to run after them anxiously when⑫ the Goddess of Heaven was making the Milky Way with her hair adornment (发簪) to stop him.Neither Zhinü nor⑬Niu Lang was happy, as they missed each other so much. Seeing this, the Goddess of Heaven let them cross the Milky Way to meet once a year with the help of magpies.

[用法体悟]

①not only ... but also表示“不但……而且……”，用于连接两个性质相同的词、短语或分句。

②but为表示转折关系的并列连词，此处连接两个句子。

③while表示对比，意为“而”。

④for用作并列连词，表示“因为”。

⑤“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”中，祈使句表示一个条件，and后的句子表示顺承的结果，意为“那么”。

⑥and用于连接两个并列的现在分词短语。

⑦either ...or ...“不是……就是……”“或者……或者……”。连接两个相同成分的词、短语或句子，表示选择关系。

⑧both ...and ...在句中连接两个并列的名词作主语，表示“两者都”。

⑨so表示因果关系，连接两个并列分句，意为“因此”，其后的分句表示结果。

⑩“祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句”结构中，祈使句表条件，or/otherwise后的句子表相反的结果。

⑪not ...but ...意思为“不是……而是……”。

⑫固定搭配was/were about to do sth.when ...表示“刚要做某事突然……”。

⑬neither ...nor ...在句中连接两个并列的名词作主语，表示“既不……也不……”。

[系统中整合规则]

并列连词主要有：

1．and, both ... and ..., not only ... but (also) ...等，表示并列、顺承或递进关系。

2．but, yet, whereas等，表示转折关系。

3．or, either ... or ..., not ... but ...等，表示选择关系。

4．for, so，表示因果关系。for连接的分句一般不能放在句首。

5．and, or，表示条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中。

6．while，作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。

[集训中明晰考点]

考点1　连接并列成分

1.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.

解析：and　空格后的动词offers与前面的动词highlights之间构成并列关系，故填and。

2.My bike was old and shaky ________ did the job.

解析：but　根据空处前后的语境可知，“自行车又旧又摇晃”与“能骑”之间是转折关系。故用表示转折的连词but。

3.It's also that they are on average healthier ________ more productive for longer.

解析：and　根据语境可知，healthier和more productive之间构成并列关系，故填and。

4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ改编)Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his __________ her paragraph aloud.

解析：or　此处表示“他的或者她的”段落，属于一种选择关系。

考点2　连接并列句式

连词的选择取决于连接的两个分句之间的逻辑关系，并列用and，转折用but，因果用so，for, 选择用either ...or，否定用neither/nor。注意：neither/nor位于句首时要用倒装语序。

1.In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ________ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.

解析：and　分析句子结构可知，此空前后连接两个that引导的宾语从句，且根据语境可知，前后两个从句之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。

2.I work not because I have to, ________ because I want to.

解析：but　句意：我工作不是因为我不得不工作，而是因为我想工作。not ...but ...为固定结构，表示“不是……而是……”。

3.Yellow represents happiness and joy in some places, ________ in other places it is a symbol of loss.

解析：while　句意：黄色在某些地方代表着幸福和快乐，而在其他地方则代表着损失。分析句子可知，此处连接两个简单句，且表示对比关系，因此使用连词while。

考点3　句型：祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句

(1)陈述句中的时态原则上用一般将来时；

(2)该句型中and 表示前后句是顺承关系，意思是“那么”；or 表示前后句是转折关系，意为 “否则”。祈使句可以转换为if引导的条件状语从句，这时要去掉连词and/or。

1.Compare Wuhu with Shanghai, to be frank, ________ you'll find it's more convenient to live in the former.

解析：and　句意：坦率地讲，把芜湖和上海相比，你就会发现住在前面那座城市中更方便。前后句之间为顺承关系，故填and。

2.Don't use your mobile phone while charging, ________ you may be shocked by electricity.

解析：or　句意：不要边充电边使用手机，否则你可能会被电击。根据句意可知，应用or。

[自测中查漏补缺]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．When I studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor.

2.I have grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.

3.Smile at life, and it will shine on you.

4.It is easy to make a decision, but hard to stick to it.

5.Some of us let these dreams die, while/but others protect them and take care of them through bad days.

6．I know you are telling a lie, for you are a little panic.

7．I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or quit his job.

8．He must have thought Jane was worth it or he wouldn't have wasted time on her, I suppose.

Ⅱ.语法填空

Harvard is older than the United States.In the early 1630s some settlers suggested that a university __1__ (found) just to improve the quality of their descendants so that they could __2__ (well) build the new home.Thus, it was established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Like many other __3__ (university) at that time，the Harvard at the early stage often ran into financial crisis.The school board often had to go to Europe to raise __4__ (donate), but as you can predict, they often came back __5__ their hands empty.

In 1638，John Harvard，pastor of Charlestown，passed away.He left his library and half his estate to the institution，__6__ were the biggest donation ever since its establishment.Therefore，the university was named after his name.Today，you can find a statue of John Harvard __7__ (stand) in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard, and it is perhaps the University's best __8__ (know) landmark.

Like other world famous universities，Harvard too has many colleges and Harvard Business School is one of them.There is __9__ saying in education that Harvard is the crown of American education __10__ Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建初期遇到的困难、名称的来历以及其地位。

1.(should) be founded　考查被动语态和虚拟语气。主语a university和动词found之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；suggest表示“建议”时，后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。

2．better　考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，空处表示“更好地”，故用副词比较级。

3．universities　考查名词复数。university为可数名词，该处表示“其他许多大学”，故用复数形式。

4．donation(s)　考查名词。根据该句中的及物动词raise可知，空处作该及物动词的宾语，故用名词形式。

5．with　考查介词。with表示“具有，带有”。

6．which　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，句中his library and half his estate为先行词，故用which引导该定语从句。

7．standing　考查非谓语动词。John Harvard和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。

8．known　考查形容词。根据空处后的名词“landmark”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“知名的，著名的”，故用形容词known。

9．a　考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一句格言”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。

10．and　考查连词。空前的“Harvard is the crown of American education”和空后的“Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it”为并列关系，故用连词and。

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