英语高考易错知识点总结(高考英语易错动词总结一)
高考英语易错动词总结、适合高中生学习、复习及备考,请同学们转载收藏。同时奇速英语提醒大家好的资料请与同学共享!
第一组:
spend/ take /cost
①spend的主语通常是“人”,即“某人在─花多少时间或金钱。”
例句:
1)The boy spends a lot of money.(in) playing computer games.(那个男孩花了很多钱玩电子游戏。)
2)She spent lots of money on books last year.(去年她花费很多钱在书本上。)
②take前常以it作形式主语,作“做某事需要花多少时间。”
It takes +(人)+时间+ to do sth.
1)How long does it take you to finish the work?(你需要多少时间才能完成那工作?)
2)It took me an hour to repair my bike.
(我花了一个小时修理自行车。)
3)It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.
(说真话需要很大的勇气。)
③cost的主语通常是事物,即指 ①某物值多少钱②需要多少时间③某人花了多少钱④使(某人)(丧失)(事/物)+cost+(人)+时间/金钱
1)The watch cost me two hundred yuan.
(这块手表花了我200块钱。)
2)Writing a novel cost plenty of time.
(写本小说要花很多时间。)
3)The girl's bad behavior cost her parents many sleepless nights.
(那个女孩的不良行为使得她的父母许多夜晚睡不着。)
注意:cost的过去式,过去分词都是cost。
第二组:
speak/say/tell/talk
①speak说某种语言,说某人好、坏话是及物动词;发表讲话,对某人说话,是不及物动词。
1)The students speak English very fluently.(这些学生英语说得非常流利。)
2)The Prime Minister spoke on the international situation.(首相就国际形势发表了演说。)
3)She always speaks ill of others.(她总是说别人的坏话。)
②speak的习惯用语:
Generally speaking 一般而言
Frankly speaking 坦白地说
Strictly speaking 严格地说
not to speak of 且不说;更不用说
1)Generally speaking, man is stronger than woman.(一般而言,男人比女人强壮。)
2)We can speak English, not to speak of Chinese.(我们会读英语,汉语更不用说了。)
③ ①tell说谎;讲故事;说实话
1)Don't tell a lie.(不要说谎。)
2)She likes to tell stories.(她喜欢讲故事。)
3)We should always tell the truth.(我们应该永远说实话。)
③ ②tell辨别;叫某人做某事;接“间接”与“直接”宾语;tell+宾语+that从句
1)Sometimes we can't tell right from wrong.(有时我们无法辨别是非。)
④talk连续地说话;习惯用法
1)What are the girls talking about ?(那些女孩们讲什么?)
2)Young people like to talk politics.(年青人喜欢谈论政治。)
3)I talked over the matter with her.(我与她谈论了那个问题。)
④say说出某句话或某件事;后接从句,(但say与从句之间不能直接接人称代词或名词);说明时间;书信、布告报纸上的“说”,习惯用法
1)She said ,“I love you.”(她说:“我爱你。”)
2)Say goodbye to them.(跟他们说再见。)
3)She says she is busy.(她说她很忙。)
4)My watch says 10:00 sharp.(我的表是十点整。)
5)The paper says that there was a big fire in Shanghai.(报上说上海发生了一场大火)。
6)It is said that she has been away for a month.(据说她已走了一个月了)
7)It goes without saying that education is important.(不用说,教育是重要的。)
8)Tom is a good student, that is to say, he gets good grades in school.(Tom是个好学生,也就是说,他在学校的成绩很好。)
第三组:
take /bring/carry/fetch
①take作“带去”“拿去”解;从近处把东西送到远处
例句:
1)She'll take her children to the park.(她要带孩子去公园。)
2)It's raining, you'd better take an umbrella with you.(下雨了;你最好把雨伞带上。)
②bring“拿来;带来”;从远处把东西拿到近外
1)Bring the dictionary to me.(把字典拿给我。)
2)Please bring your report with you when you come tomorrow.(明天你来的时候,请把你的报告带来。)
③carry作“携带,带去;搬运”解
1)She always carries a red handbag.(她总是带一个红色手包。)
2)Please carry this TV set upstairs.(请把这台电视搬到楼上去。)
④fetch作“去…取来,拿来;叫某人来”解
1)The football is over there. Fetch it please.(足球在那边呢,请把它拿回来。)
2)Fetch the police at once. We've found the robber.(马上去叫警察来,我们已经发现那个抢劫的人。)
第四组:
wear/put on/ dress
①wear穿着,戴;留,表示“状态”是及物动词需加宾语
例句:
1)She always wears a pair of glasses.(她总是戴着一副眼镜。)
2)He wears a black jacket today.(今天他穿着一件黑色的夹克。)
②put on穿上,戴上,表示“动作”
例句:
1)The teacher put on his hat and went out of the office.(老师戴上帽子然后走出办公室。)
2)Put on the gloves .It's cold outside.(戴上手套外面很凉。)
③dress作“穿着…的衣服”解;给某人穿衣服不用写衣服
例句:
1)She is dressed in red.(她穿着红衣服。)
2)The mother dresses the child every day.(那位母亲每天给孩子穿衣服。)此句不能加衣服。
3)She dresses herself in red.(此句等于第一个例句。)
第五组:
do /make
①do“做”主要是用来表示“行动”“行为”,如do omelets是“把蛋卷煎好”。在do后面常加一些抽象名词,如do wrong(犯错)。“wrong”是抽象名词常与do搭配的短语有:
①do one's
②do (the) some
③do sb. a favor帮人忙
④do with利用;忍受;需要
⑤do away with废除
⑥do without用不着;不需要
⑦have
⑧do sb.
⑨do nothing but do除了做…以外什么也没做
⑩do business做生意
例句:
1)I'll do the dishes today.
(今天我来洗盘子。)
2)I've done my homework.
(我已经做完了作业。)
3)Crying does harm to you.
(哭对你没有益处。)
4)Will you do me a favor?
(能否帮我一个忙?)
5)We cannot do without a telephone in our business.(我们做生意没有电话是不行的。)
6)The new teacher didn't know what to do with the class.(新老师不知道如何对待他班上的学生。)
7)I did nothing but watch TV last night.(昨晚我除了看电视以外什么也没有做。)
8)Who does your hair?(平常是谁给你做头发的?)
②make“作”,表示“制造”,其后的宾语是make的产品。如make clothes 制做衣服;make后常跟一些可数名词常与make动词搭配的短语有:
①make a
②make an
③make
④make
例句:
1) They have make great progress in learning English.(在学习英语方面他们已经取得了很大的进步。)
2)Who is going to make a speech today?(今天谁来演说?)
3)Don't make a noise.嘘!(不要出声。)
4)She makes her living as a teacher.(她作教师来维持生计。)
第六组:
lie/lay/lie
1)lie不及物动词,躺;位于
lie—lay—lain—lying
例句:①Shanghai lies to the south of Beijing.(上海位于北京的南方。)
②She has lain in bed for three days.(她已经在床上躺了三天了。)
2)lay及物动词,放置;下蛋
lay—laid—laid—laying
例句:①These hens lay eggs every day.(这些鸡每天下蛋。)
②He laid his hand on my shoulder.(他把手放在我的肩上。)
③lie不及物动词,说谎
lie—lied—lied—lying
例句:①Don’t lie to me.(别骗我。)
②She lies about her career.(她编造她的经历。)
第七组:
hear/listen to
①hear听;是一种“自然无意的动作。”hear of听说过hear from得到消息
例句:The deaf cannot hear.
(聋子听不见。)
②listen是一种“有意的动作。”如后面有宾语则需加to;如没有宾语,listen后不可加to。
例句:①Listen, somebody is crying.(听,有人在哭。)
②I listened but heard nothing.(我注意听了,但没听见什么。)
③Listen to me.(听我说。)
第八组:
sit/set/seat
①sit不及物动;坐;就座;
sit—sat—sat—sitting
例句:①He sat at the table writing a letter.(他坐在书桌旁写信。)
②Sit here until she comes back.(坐在这里等她回来。)
③set安置;下沉;点燃;出考题;定时;树立(榜样)
set—set—set—setting
例句:①Tom, set the table for dinner.(Tom,摆好桌子准备吃饭。)
②He set the alarm for 6:00 in the morning.(他把闹钟定在早晨6点钟。)
③My teacher set very difficult questions for the exam.(我们老师试题出得非常难。)
④The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(太阳从东方升起从西方落下。)
③seat使坐;容纳
seat—seated—seated—seating
例句:①)The theater can seat at least 2000 people.(这家戏院至少能容纳2000人。)
②Please be seated.(请坐下。)此句等于Sit down please.
③He seated himself next to her.(他坐在她的旁边。)
第九组:
rise/raise/arise/arouse/rouse
1)rise(太阳、月亮)升起,起来;(物价)上涨;(水)高涨
rise—rose—risen—rising
例句:①Everyone knows that the sun rises in the east.
(每人都知道太阳是从东方升起。)
②Prices have risen quickly.
(物价快速上涨了。)
③She rose to her feet.
(她站了起来。)
2)raise举起;养育;募款
raise—raised—raised—raising
例句:①Raise your hand please.(请你把手举起来。)
②The farmer raises a lot of sheep on his farm.(这位农民在农场养了许多绵羊。)
③They are raising founds for the expedition.(他们正在筹募探险的基金。)
④arise(问题、困难)发生、产生、出现;起(风、雾)
arise—arose—arisen—arising
例句:①A strong wind arose this morning.(今天早上刮起强风。)
②A different problem has arisen.(不同的问题发生了。)
③A mist arose from the lake.(湖上起雾了。)
④arouse通常表示比喻或情绪方面的“激发”
arouse─aroused─aroused─arousing
例句:①The book aroused my interest in learning English.(这本书引起我对学习英语感兴趣。)
②The speaker aroused the anger of the audience.(演讲者激起了听众的怒气。)
③rouse通常表示比较具体的“叫醒”或“唤醒”
rouse─roused─roused─rousing
例句:①The sound roused him from reflection.(声音使他从深思中惊醒。)
②The lies he heard about his friend roused his anger.(听到有人对他朋友造谣,使他怒火中烧。)
第十组:
lend/借出borrow
1)lend+人+物=lend+物+to+人
例如:①Please lend me your dictionary.=Please lend your dictionary to me.(请把你的字典借给我。)
②I will lend you $200, but I can’t lend money to him.(我借给你200美元,但我不能借钱给他。)
borrow借入
borrow+物+from+人
①She has borrowed a lot of books from the school library.(她已从学校的图书馆借了很多书。)
②He often borrows money from me.(他经常从我这儿借钱。)
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