各种风的英文（的英文最全总结）

作者：小雅和英美友人

跟孩子讲讲天气，是亲子对话的重要部分，但是在说英语的时候，由于我们只会说it's windy, it's sunny, it's rainy……无法表达出更具体的天气变化，还经常苦于不知道用什么时态，而干脆回避有关天气的话题。

本文以及接下来的几期文章，将对“风雨雷电”等天气现象，展开讲解口语中你可能用到的各种情况。

1. 没风

(1) no wind

(2) not windy

(3) calm

There's no wind so you can't fly a kite.

没风，你没法放风筝。

It's not windy today. = Today is a calm day.

今天没风。

2. 有风

(1) windy

(2) there's wind

There will be some wind today.

今天一会儿有风。

It's windy outside so you should wear pants instead of a skirt.

外面有风，你穿裤子，别穿裙子了。

Hold on to your hat on a windy day.

大风天要扶着点帽子。

3. 起风了

(1) getting windy

(2) starting to blow

It's getting windy.

起风了。

The wind has started to blow.

开始刮大风了。

4. 风大了

(1) pick up

(2) get stronger

(3) windier

(4) more wind

The wind is picking up. = The wind is getting stronger.

风越来越大。

The wind has picked up. = The wind has gotten stronger.

风越来越大了。

通过上面两句话可以看出，中文用一个“了”字区分已经完成的状态和正在发生的状态，而英文用完成时和现在时的不同时态来区分。

There's more wind. = It's windier now.

风大了。

A Gust of Wind, 1883 | VEZUR

5. 风小了

(1) calm down

(2) slow down

(3) drop down

(4) lighter

(5) less wind

(6) less windy

The wind has calmed down. = The wind has slowed down.

风渐渐小了。

The wind has dropped down from 10 mph to 2 mph.

风速从10 mph降到了2 mph。

Drop down多用于形容风速的下降。

There's less wind. = The wind is lighter. = It's less windy now.

风小点了。

下面这个表总结了表示风大小的正确和错误的说法：

6. 风停了

(1) stop

(2) die down

The wind has stopped.

风停了。

The wind has died down.

风慢慢停了下来。

7. Blowing 刮，吹

There is a strong wind blowing.

大风正在刮着。

The wind is blowing strongly.

风刮得好大。

The wind is blowing towards us.

风正正往我们这边刮。

The wind blew my hair in my face.

风把头发刮到了我的脸上。

Strong winds blew leaves everywhere.

大风把树叶吹得到处都是。

Wind既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。

8. Wind Direction 风向

The wind is blowing north.

风往北吹。（从南向北）

There's a north wind today.

今天刮的是北风。（从北向南）

There's a wind from the north today.

今天有从北边刮过来的风。（从北向南）

There's always a northwest wind in the winter.

冬天总是刮西北风。

9. Wind Force 风力；Wind Speed 风速

The wind force is 1 today.

今天风力是1级。

The wind speed is going to get up to 10 miles an hour today.

今天风速会达到每小时10英里。

英美两国的天气预报里没有风力级别的播报，而是播报风速。下图是Google展示的由weather.com提供的天气预报截图。

10. Upwind 顺风；Downwind 逆风

Riding a bike is a lot easier when you're upwind.

顺风的时候骑自行车特别容易。

It's hard to pedal downwind.

逆风的时候特别难骑。

11. 一阵风

(1) Breeze 一阵轻风

(2) a gust of wind 一阵狂风

You made a breeze when you ran by mommy.

你从妈妈身边跑过，带起一阵风。

A gust of wind knocked over all the lawn chairs. = A strong wind knocked over all the lawn chairs.

一阵狂风把草坪椅都吹倒了。

比起a strong wind的说法，a gust of wind更强调了风的突然和快速来临。

12. Draft 穿堂风

中文里的穿堂风（也叫过堂风）是一个比较中性的词，而英文里的draft指人们不想要的穿堂的冷风。

Please close the window to get rid of the draft since grandma is sick.

你把窗户关上吧，有穿堂风，奶奶病了。

如果你想表达正面意义的穿堂风，可以说：

Let me open the windows on both sides so we have some air flow.

我去把两面的窗户都打开，这样空气能流通。

13. Breeze 微风

There's a breeze.

有点小风。

I feel a cool summer breeze against my face.

夏日微风扑面而来。

14. Typhoon 台风；Hurricane 飓风；Cyclone 旋风

中心持续风速在12级至13级（即每秒32.7米至41.4米）的热带气旋（Tropical Cyclone）被称为台风或飓风。

Typhoon [tai'fu:n]，起源于中文的“大风”一词和希腊语的typhôn一词，用于西北太平洋地区，主要是亚洲。

Hurricane ['hʌrikən]，起源于西班牙语和一种失传的印第安语，用于大西洋和东北太平洋地区，主要是美洲。

Cyclone ['saikləun]，由英国人引入，可能起源于希腊语kyklôn一词，用于南太平洋和印度洋，主要是澳大利亚、印度等原英属殖民地。

所以，这三个词所指的天气现象是一样的，只是应用于不同的地区。

Because Typhoon Maria is coming, we will have a lot of rain next week.

因为台风玛丽亚来了，下周我们会有很多降雨。

15. Tornado [tɔ:'neidəu] 龙卷风

龙卷风是一种风力极强而范围不太大的涡旋，状如漏斗，风速极快，破坏力很大。

In The Wizard of OZ, Dorothy’s house flew in a tornado.

在《OZ国历险记》里，桃乐丝的家在龙卷风中飞了起来。

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