小学英语一般过去时教学过程 小学英语语法基础

#小学英语#

英语中谈论过去的方式有很多种，但一般过去时是最常见的方式。我们用一般过去时来完成过去的行动。一般过去时中动词有规则动词和不规则动词变化。

过去的时间被认为是在说话或写作之前的时间，或者是“在说话之前的某个时间点周围的时间”。对过去时间的引用在动词短语中最典型地通过一般过去时和过去进行时来表示。

1）一般过去时是用来谈论一个具体行为的开始和结束都发生在过去。一般来说，我们把它和时间副词一起使用，比如 “ last year ”，“ yesterday ”，“ last night ”…

举例：

• Tom stayed at home last night.
• Kate worked last Saturday.
• I did not go to the party yesterday.
• Did they walk to school this morning?

2）一般过去时用在过去的一连串行动

例如：

• I received the good news and immediately called my husband.
• I studied for an hour in the morning, worked all afternoon and did not return home until 10 at night.

3）也可以用在过去重复或习惯性的行为或动作

• We always traveled to Cancun for vacation when we were young.
• I have walked 5 kilometers every day to work.

4）用来描述过去长期的行为

• I worked for many years in a museum.
• She did not eat meat for years.

5）用来谈论一般情况或过去的事件。

• The Aztec lived in Mexico.
• I played the guitar when I was a child.

规则动词构成过去式，我们在动词末尾加上 “ -ed ”。所有人称（I, you, he, she, it, we, they）的形式都是一样的。

例如：

• want → wanted
• learn → learned
• walk → walked
• show → showed

1）以 “ e ” 结尾的动词，末尾直接添加 “ -d ”

• change → changed
• believe → believed

2）如果动词以一个短元音和一个辅音结尾（除了 “ y ” 或 “ w ” ），我们就把最后的辅音双写再加 ed

• stop → stopped
• commit → committed

3）对于以一个辅音和 “ y ” 结尾的动词，“ y ” 变为 “ i ” 再加 ed

• study → studied
• try → tried

4）注意：英语中有许多不规则动词。不幸的是，没有一个既定的标准。请看这里的不规则动词列表。接下来是三个最常见的不规则动词和那些充当助动词的动词。

根据末尾的字母不同，我们对结尾 “ -ed ” 的发音也不同。一般来说，“ e ” 是无声的。

1）对于以 “ p ”、“ f ”、“ k ” 或 “ s ” 结尾的（清辅音 “ t ” 除外），我们把结尾 “ -ed ” 读作 “ t ” 。

• looked [lukt]
• kissed [kisst]

2）对于以 “ b ”、“ g ”、“ l ”、“ m ”、“ n ”、“ v ”、“ z ” 结尾的不定式（浊辅音，除 “ d ” 外）或元音，我们只发 “ d ”。

• yelled [jeld]
• cleaned [klind]

3）对于以 “ d ” 或 “ t ” 结尾的，我们把 “ e ” 读作 “ i ”。

• ended [endid]
• waited [weitid]

was 用于第一人称单数（ I ）和第三人称单数（ he，she，it ）。

were 用于第二人称单数和复数（ you，your，yours ）以及第一人称和第三人称复数（ we，they ）。

1）肯定句单数 was 和 were 的用法

• I was
• You were
• He was
• She was
• It was

2）肯定句复数 were 用法

• We were
• You were
• They were

3）否定句单数 wasn´t 和 weren´t 的用法

• I wasn´t
• You weren´t
• He wasn´t
• She wasn´t
• It wasn´t

4）否定句复数 weren´t 的用法

• We weren´t
• You weren´t
• They weren´t

5）疑问句单数 was 和 were 的用法

• Was I
• Were You
• Was He
• Was She
• Was It

6）疑问句复数 were 的用法

• Were we
• Were you
• Were they