八年级上册unit3知识点和短语（人教版八年级上册Unit3重点短语）

人教新目标八年级上学期Unit3知识归纳

第一节：重点词组

更外向more outgoing

2.和…一样as…as…

3.最重要的the most important

4….和…都（两者）both…and…

5.在…方面有天赋be talented in

6.关心、在意care about

7.照顾、照料take care of

8.使某人做某事make sb. do sth

9.与…不同be different from..

10.只要as long as

11.使显现出bring out

12.取得好成绩get good grades

13.事实上，实际上in fact

14.与…类似be similar to

15.交朋友make friends

16.与…相处得好be good with

第二节：重点语法解析

形容词和副词的比较级

形容词比较等级的构成：原级、比较级和最高级

(1) 规则变化

(2) 不规则变化

8. 形容词原级的用法

(1) 说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。

e.g. The flowers in the garden are beautiful.

(2) 有表示绝对概念的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。

e.g. The boy is too young.

(3) 表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。

1) 肯定句中的结构："A … as 形容词原级 as B"

e.g. English is as interesting as Chinese.

2) 否定句中的结构："A … as / so 形容词原级 as B"

e.g. This book isn't so new as that one.

否定句的结构相当于"less 原级 than"

e.g. He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.

3) 表示"A是B的……倍"时，用"A … 倍数 as 形容词原级 as B"结构（一倍：once, 两倍：twice, 三倍及以上：数字 times）

e.g. Our school is three times as big as theirs.

4) half as 形容词原级 as "……是……的一半"

e.g. Her room is half as big as yours.

9. 形容词比较级的用法

(1) 表示两者进行比较时用adj.比较级，"A… 比较级 than B"。

Lily's room is bigger than mine.

【注意】为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one, that, those等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中the one

代替可数名词单数，the ones或those代替可数名词复数，that代替不可数名词。

e.g. The weather in Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter.

(2) 有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still等修饰adj.时，adj.可用比较级。

e.g. It is much colder today than yesterday.

(3) 表示两者之间进行选择"哪一个更……"时，"Which / Who is adj.比较级, A or B?"。

e.g. Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?

(4) 表示"几倍于……"时，用"倍数 比较级 than"。

e.g. Your room is three times bigger than mine.

(5) 表示"越来越……"，用"比较级 and 比较级"，当adj.为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用"more and

more adj.原级"。

e.g. It's getting warmer and warmer in spring.

(6) 表示"越……就越……"时，用"the 比较级, the 比较级"。

e.g. The more, the better.

10. 形容词最高级的用法

(1) 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前比较加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in / of短语来表示范围。

e.g. Shanghai is the biggest city in China.

(2) 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用"Which / Who is the 最高级，A, B or C?"。

e.g. Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?

(3) 表示"最……的……之一"时，用"one of the 形容词最高级"结构，形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。

e.g. Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.

(4) 形容词最高级前面可加序数词，表示"第几最……"。

e.g. The yellow River is the second longest river in China.

(5) 形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用the。

e.g. This is our best lesson today.

(6) 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。

e.g. Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.

= Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.

= Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.

= Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.

= Li Lei is taller than any of the other students in his class.

= Li Lei is taller than the rest of students in his class.

= No one is as tall as Li Lei in his class.

= No one is taller than Li Lei in his class.

单项选择

1. This box is that one.

A. heavy thanB. so heavy thanC. heavier asD. as heavy as

2. When we speak to people, we should be .

A. as polite as we canB. as polite to we can

C. as politer as we canD. as politer to we can

3. This book is that one, but than that one.

A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensive

C. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive

4. I think the story is not so as that one.

A. interestingB. interestedC. more interestingD. most interesting

5. His father began to work he was seven years old.

A. as old asB. as early asC. sinceD. while

6. --- What do you think of Mark's composition?

--- Quite good. But I think yours is .

A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the best

7. Don't just believe the advertisement. This kind of camera is it says.

A. as good asB. not as good asC. as well asD. not as well as

8. --- Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the evening party?

--- OK. But a dress might be .

A. goodB. betterB. badD. worse

9. The sea looks very when the sun is shining on it.

A. beautifulB. more beautiful

C. most beautifulD. the most beautiful

10. She had a very sleep last Sunday evening.

A. badB. badlyC. worseD. worst

11. Who jumped of all?

A. farB. fartherC. the farthestD. the most far

12. Li Lei is student in our class.

A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest

13. The fifth orange is of all. Give it to that small child.

A. bigB. biggerC. the biggerD. the biggest

14. Who is of you three?

A. the oldestB. much olderC. oldestD. older

15. The seats in the middle of the cinema are of all.

A. betterB. goodC. the bestD. worse

16. --- What do you think of the cake?

--- I like it very much. It tastes .

A. goodB. betterC. wellD. bad

17. --- Have you read the popular book Harry Potter?

--- Yes, it's great. No other book is than that one.

A. betterB. worseC. biggerD. smaller

18. --- What bad weather!

--- Yes. The radio says it will be much later on.

A. badB. badlyC. worseD. worst

19. Paris is one of cities in the world.

A. more beautifullyB. more beautiful

C. the most beautifullyD. the most beautiful

20. --- Which of those radios sounds ?

--- The smallest one.

A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best

21. --- is it from your home to the shopping mall?

--- About fifteen minutes' ride.

A. How longB. How farC. How oftenD. How much

22. --- Lily and Jane are both good at singing.

--- Who sings ?

A. niceB. wellC. betterD. the best

23. --- Have you read the poem "If"?

--- Yes. I really enjoy it.

A. stillB. everC. yetD. never

24. Either of them can take this job, but I wonder who does everything .

A. the most carefulB. more carefulC. most carefullyD. more carefully

25. The traffic is so heavy! You should drive than before.

A. very quicklyB. more quicklyC. very carefullyD. more carefully

26. He never does his work Mary.

A. as careful asB. so careful asC. as carefully asD. carefully as

27. This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me ?

A. what to work it outB. what do work out it

C. how to work it outD. how to work out it

28. Who writes in your class?

A. more carefulB. the most careful

C. more carefullyD. the most carefully

29. No one speaks French him. So he can be a TV host of a French program.

A. as beautiful asB. as badly asC. worse thanD. better than

30. --- What is the main cause of the accident?

--- Driving .

A. carefullyB. carefulC. carelessD. carelessly

Keys: 1-5 D A C A B6-10 B B B A A 11-15 C D D A C 16-20 A A C D D 21-25 B C B D D 26-30 C C D D D

第三节：重点知识解析

考点1

Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.

both...and...意为"两者都"，并列两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

Both Tom and Jim are interested in Math.

考点2

as...as...意为"和……一样"，两个as中间用形容词或者副词原级。

He is as tall as his father.

I run as fast as he.

【拓展】not as...as...意为"不如……，比不上……"第一个as是副词，在否定句中可以换成so。

She doesn't study as/so hard as her brother.

Lucy is not as/so easygoing as Lily.

考点3

You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though.

(1) win表示"赢得"后接比赛、奖项等表示物的名词作宾语；beat表示"打败"，后接某人、团队等表示人的名词作宾语。

They finally beat the other side and won the basketball match.

Who won the first prize in the singing contest.

这里的though作副词，表示"可是、然而"，放在句末，前用都好隔开。

Jim said that he would come. He didn't, though.

考点4

But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.

此处动词不定式作表语，放在be动词后面。

My work is to clean the room every day.

His dream is to be a teacher.

have fun意为"玩得高兴"，后接动名词。

Did you have fun visiting that country?

考点5

talented作形容词，表示"有才能的、有天赋的"，be talented in表示"在……方面有天赋"。

Li Yundi is talented in swimming.

考点6

makes me laugh.

(1) make sb. do sth."使某人做某事"；make sb./sth. 形容词 "使某人/某物怎么样"

His parents made him stay at home.

The news made us excited.

laugh表示"笑、发笑"，laugh at表示"嘲笑"。

Don't laugh at others.

考点7

That's why...意为"那是为什么……"，强调结果；that's because表示"那是因为……"，强调原因。

That's why I didn't want to leave here.

That's because he is not old enough.

考点8

"It's adj. for sb. to do sth."结构，意为"做某事对某人来说……"，此结构中的形容词多为描述事物特征的词，如easy, important, dangerous, necessary等。

It is important for you to study hard.

It is not easy to learn a foreign language.

【拓展】It's adj. of sb. to do sth.意为"某人做某事是……的"，此结构中的形容词多是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, foolish,polite等描述行为者性格、品质的词。

It is very kind of you to lend me so much money.

考点9

as long as意为"只要"，引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。

You will get good grades as long as you work hard.

考点10

less用于形容词或者副词比较级之前，意为"不如、赶不上"，相当于not as/so...as...。

Lesson One is less interesting than Lesson Two.

=Lesson One is not as interesting as Lesson Two.

考点11

I don't really care if my friends are the same as me or different.

if此处引导宾语从句，表示"是否"，相当于whether。

I wonder if he can help us with the problem.

the same as 表示"与……相同"，反义词为be different from"与……不同"。

My answer is the same as yours.

考点12

A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.

(1) reach for one's hand意为"伸手帮某人一把"，reach这里是不及物动词，意为"伸出（手臂、胳膊）"。

Can you reach for my hand?

touch one's hand意为"打动某人的心、令某人感动的"。

The story touches my heart.

考点13

other, the other, another, others和the others辨析

other: 意为"别的、其它的"，常用来修饰可数名词。

the other: 表示"两者中另一个"，是特指；the other之后也可以加复数名词，特指"其它的"。

another: 表示"三者中另一个"。

others: 用作代词，泛指"其他的人或物"是复数概念。

the others: 特指在一个整体中的"其余的人或物（全部）"。

We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects.

There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys.

You should think of others.

There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys.

考点14

Call the English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information.

call...at...意为"拨打……找……"。

Please call Mr. Green at 473-8989.

information是不可数名词，表示"一条消息"用a piece of information。

You can get more information through the Internet.

考点15

a few (少数的，几个，一些) a little (一点儿，少量)表示肯定

few (很少的，几乎没有的) little(很少的，几乎没有的)表示否定

修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词

练一练

1．He is ______ Tom，because they both enjoy playing basketball.

A．same as B．similar toC．the same as D．the similar to

2．It'll take us a whole day to get there by train. So it's ____for

you to take enough food.

A．necessary B．healthy

C．different D．traditional

3．When autumn comes，the days get______.

A．long and long B．longer and longer

C．short and short D．shorter and shorter

4．He can speak English as well as his father______.

A．do B．doesC．is D．did

5．—When did you ______ there?

—At 9：00 last night.

A．get to B．arrive in C．reach D．arrive at

6. —How do you feel when you see the national flag

of China?

—It makes me proud.

A. feel B. to feel C. feltD. feeling

7. We are having fun computer games.

A. playingB. playC. to playD. plays

8. Li Lei is as ______ as his father.

A. funny and outgoing B. more funnier

and outgoing

C. funnier and more outgoing D. more funny and outgoing

9. Mary and her sister .

A. look likeB. are look the same

C. are look likeD. look the same

10. I'm ______ taller than my mother, but shorter than my father.

A. more B. a little C. very D. a lot of

11. Jane likes to tell jokes. She never stops talking. She is .

A. serious B. quietC. shy D. outgoing

12. Liu Ying is student in the class. So she always gets the best grades.

A. a hard-workingB. more hard-working

C. the most hard-workingD. hard-working

13．Thank you ______ me about this. It's very kind______ you.

A．to telling；for B．for tell；of

C．about telling；for D．for telling；of

14. Our English teacher is ______ than our math teacher.

A. funnier　B. fun C. funny D. more funny

15. My best friend Tina is

than any other students in our class.

A. popular B. more popular

C. popularer D.more popularer

BADBC AAADB DCDAB

第四节：书面表达

根据表格中提供的信息，写一篇短文介绍你和你的好朋友蒂娜(Tina)的相同和不同之处，不少于70词。

I have a good friend. His name is Tara.We have something different. He is taller and stronger than I. He likes listening to concerts. He takes exercise every day. He wants to be a basketball player when he grows up. But i like watching TV. I do sports 3 times a week. I want to be a doctor when I grow up. But we have the same hobbies. We both like sports. We are both good at every subjects. We also like reading. We usually go to the library together at the weekend.

,