高考英语时态语态考点归纳（高考英语基础语法词形变化第三课时）

第三课时　动词的时态和语态，下面我们就来说一说关于高考英语时态语态考点归纳?我们一起去了解并探讨一下这个问题吧!

高考英语时态语态考点归纳

第三课时　动词的时态和语态

[感 悟 高 考]

单句语法填空/单句改错

1．I ________(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.(2016·全国Ⅰ，62)

2．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ________ (be) often acceptable.(2016·全国Ⅱ，43)

3．Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might ________ (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(2016·全国Ⅲ，42)

4．Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ________ (be) too violent for use at the table.(2016·全国Ⅲ，49)

5．Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)

答案　1.was allowed　2.is　3.be made　4.were　5.using→used

[考 点 清 单]

动词的时态

考点一　一般现在时

规则❶ 表示现在的情况、状态及经常性、习惯性或不按照时间的变化而发生变化的动作。

There are buses to the station every ten minutes.

每十分钟就有一趟公共汽车去车站。

规则❷ 表示客观真理或科学事实。

It's known that the earth goes round the sun.

众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。

规则❸ 用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中以及谈论按计划或时间表安排的活动时要用一般现在时表示将来。

I will discuss this with you when we meet next time.

　时

体　

现在

过去

将来

过去将来

一般

is/am/are done

was/were done

will/shall be done

would/should be done

进行

is/am/are being done

was/were being done

—

—

完成

have/has been done

had been done

will/shall have been done

would/should have been done

Some new computers were stolen last night.

一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

Enough has been done for you，but you've made little progress.为你做了很多，然而你进步却很小。

This programme has been broadcast by the local radio station many times.这个节目被当地电台播放了多次。

规则❷ “get＋过去分词”表示被动

She got paid before she went on a holiday.

她在休假前领到了工资。

考点二　含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态时

其结构为：情态动词(can，may，must，have to等)＋be＋动词的-ed形式。

He must be prevented from going.

必须阻止他去。

考点三　主动表示被动的用法

规则❶ “系动词look，sound，feel，smell，taste，seem，go，prove，turn，become，get，keep＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构。

This shirt feels much softer than that one.

这件衬衫摸起来比那件衬衫柔软得多。

规则❷ 表示主语的某种属性特征的不及物动词，如read，write，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut等，可用主动形式表示被动含义。

The door won't open，so we will ask a repairman to open it.这门打不开，所以我们请修理工打开它。

规则❸ 动词want，need，require，deserve后接不定式的被动形式或动名词的主动形式意义相同。

I had my mobile phone repaired two days ago，but it needs repairing/to be repaired again now.

我两天前修理了我的手机，但现在还需要再修理。

[正 误 探 究]

1．【误】The teacher said that light travelled faster than sound.

【正】The teacher said that light travels faster than sound.

【探究】表示客观事实或普遍现象时应用一般现在时。

2．【误】He is__loving her.

【正】He is__in__love__with her.

【探究】表示情感类动词like，love，prefer，admire，hate，fear等不能用于进行时。

3．【误】His father has__left his homeland for 50 years.

【正】His father has__been__away__from his homeland for 50 years.

【探究】短暂性动作的完成时(肯定式)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。

4．【误】If it is fine，we are__going__to__go fishing.

【正】If it is fine，we'll__go fishing.

【探究】be going to表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。

[易 错 防 范]

易错点1　时间定位不准

—Did you catch what I said?

—Sorry.I ________(answer) a text message just now.

误填　answered

答案　was answering　[句意：——你听懂我说的话了吗？——抱歉。我刚才正在回复一条短信。根据句意可知，第一个人说话时，“我”正在回复短信，所以没听懂对方的话，故用过去进行时态。]

【点拨】该题问句“Did you...”易误导学生将行为动作发生的时间定位为一般过去时，而just now又会加深误会，但此题根据问句定位时间是过去，而语境提示可知表示的是刚才对方说话时正在进行的动作。

易错点2　时态语态顾此失彼

It is reported that many a new house ________(build) at present in the disaster area.

误填　are being built

答案　is being built　[由at present可知，动词应用现在进行时，且与主语是动宾关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是“many a＋名词单数”，谓语动词用单数。]

【点拨】该种题目难在既考查时态、语态，又考查主谓一致，多个考点置于同一个考题中，考生极易顾此失彼。容易忽略主谓一致和语态。所以综合考虑，用逐一排查时态语态是正确的做法。

易错点3　易混时态辨析

I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I ________(fly) to Shanghai.

误填　will fly

答案　will be flying　[句意：我觉得特别兴奋！明天早晨这个时候我就要飞往上海了。考查将来进行时。根据时间状语At this time tomorrow morning可知第二句表示明天早晨的这一时间点正在发生的事情，故用将来进行时。]

【点拨】易混时态辨析是高考英语试题中的常考题型，做好此类题的关键首先要能清晰判断易混时态的异同，如一般过去时和现在完成时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时，一般将来时和将来进行时的差别等。其次，在做题时要善于捕捉句子中所隐含的信息，明确动作行为发生的确切时间。

易错点4　忽略固定句型或习惯用法

Jim ________(watch) a late-night film at home when，right in the middle of a thrilling scene，the television went blank.

误填　watched

答案　was watching　[句意：吉姆正在家里看一部午夜电影，就在看到一个恐怖场面时，电视黑屏了。根据固定结构sb was doing...when...，应用was watching。]

【点拨】熟记固定句式时态，仔细分析题干结构。常见固定句式的时态：

(1)It is the first/second...time that sb have/has done.

(2)It was the first/second...time that sb had done...

(3)sb was/were doing sth when...did...

(4)It's high time that sb did/...should do...

(5)Hardly/Scarcely had sb done sth when sb did...

(6)No sooner had sb done sth than sb did...

[针 对 训 练]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．More efforts，as reported，________(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply side structure reform.(2016·江苏，22)

2.Dashan，who ________(learn) crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.(2016·江苏，29)

3.Jack________in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016·北京，21)

4．—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for?

—The new Star Wars.We________ (wait) here for more than two hours.(2016·北京，23)

5．I________half of the English novel，and I'll try to finish it at the weekend.(2016·北京，25)

6．Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.(2016·浙江，9)

7．It was raining lightly when I ________ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.(2015·全国Ⅰ，61)

8．If it ________ (turn) cold again，they'll dive back down.But they come out again if it is warm.

9．He ________(look) for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day.

10．To the customers' satisfaction，teas of the same high quality ________ (serve) in each shop every day.

答案　1.will be made　2.has been learning　3.was working　4.have been waiting　5.have read　6.had become　7.arrived　8.turns　9.was looking　10.are served

Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)

1．Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.

2．Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the sky—they were looked like rain!

3．Tony was scared and begun to cry.

4．A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.

5．As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here.

6．Since then—for all these years—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.

7．Before long，a train inspector comes to check our tickets.

8．Besides，Cleo tends to bark an average of six hours a day.This morning she starts barking even before 5 o'clock.

9．The answer sheet must cut from the newspaper and sent to China Daily before the deadline.

10．In the past two and a half years，our school had organized many activities.

答案　1.去掉been　2.去掉第二个were 　3.begun→began　4.telling→told　5.tell→told　6.had→have 7．comes→came　8.starts→started　9.must后加be

10．had→has

Ⅲ.语篇填空(用所给词的正确时态、语态填空)

Mother Teresa was born in Yugoslavia，on August 27，1910.She __1__(attend) the government school near her home until she was eighteen.At that time，some doctors and nurses from Yugoslavia __2__(work) in India，and they often wrote to the school about their work.She __3__(decide) to join them one day.

When she left school，she first went to Britain；then a year later she __4__(go) to India，where she began to be trained to be a teacher.After training，she __5__(send) to Calcutta，where she taught geography at a school and soon after became headmistress (女校长)．

However，while she loved teaching，in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and went to work in the poor parts

of Calcutta.Later she __6__(train) to become a nurse in Patna，and then began her work helping the poor and comforting the dying in the streets of the city.Slowly，others came to help her，and her work __7__(spread) to other parts of India.

Mother Teresa was a well-known person forever.Many photos __8__(take) of her，as she travelled around the world to open new schools and hospitals in poor countries.In 1979，she __9__(give) the Nobel Prize for the lifetime of love and service she __10__(give) to the poor.

答案　1.attended　2.were working　3.decided　4.went 5．was sent　6.was trained　7.spread　8.were taken 9．was given　10.had given

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