特朗普签署新旅游禁令（特朗普旅游禁令）

原文标题：Trump’s Travel Bans: Harvesting personal data and requiem for the EU-US Privacy Shield

中文摘要：欧洲政策研究中心（比利时）专家Elspeth Guild在《特朗普旅游禁令：获取个人数据及〈欧美隐私盾牌〉的终结》一文中表示，本文研究了近期美国总统特朗普颁布的旅游禁令的意义和挑战。文中指出此举的主要隐秘动机之一是获得全球个人数据，包括欧盟市民的数据，从而使美国处于优越地位。本文分析了允许美国进一步接入和处理欧盟市民原始通信的相关行政令和立法发展，并指出此举使《欧美隐私盾牌》协定的可持续性以及欧盟隐私权面临深度压力。作者呼吁针对基本权利保证与合作方面开展更多外交活动，增强民主法治元素，以此作为治愈当前这些行政令产生的不信任和法律不确定性的最有效方式。近期的发展形势要求欧洲委员会采取果断立场，搁置《欧美隐私盾牌》协定，因为这是确保欧盟的公司、市民和当局法律稳定性的唯一方式。这将向美国释放出清晰的信号，美国需要考虑其行政令对欧盟和成员国数据保护法律体系造成的法律冲突挑战。（编译：史春姣）

原文：

Trump’s Travel Bans Harvesting personal data and requiem for the EU-US Privacy Shield

This Policy Insight examines the main implications and challenges of the recent Executive Orders or ‘travel bans’ issued by US President Donald Trump. It argues that one of the key ulterior motives behind these orders is to manoeuvre the US into an advantageous position for harvesting personal data on individuals from around the world, including EU citizens and residents. The paper analyses these orders and other recent US legislative developments that allow for greater access and processing of raw communications of EU citizens, and argues that they put the sustainability of the EU-US Privacy Shield and the EU right to privacy under profound strain. The authors call for more diplomacy and democratic rule of law with fundamental rights guarantees and cooperation, as the most effective antidote to the pervasive mistrust and legal uncertainty engendered by these Executive Orders. In any case these developments call for the European Commission to take an assertive position and suspend the EU-US Privacy Shield, as this is the only way to ensure legal certainty for companies, citizens and authorities in the EU. This would also send a clear signal to the US about the absolute need to take into account the conflicts of law challenges that these orders pose for the EU and member states' data protection legal systems. The paper also recommends re-designing and strengthening the current EU-US Transatlantic Legislators Dialogue between the European Parliament and its US counterparts to better allow for a closer consultation on relevant US and EU policies with deep repercussions on transatlantic relations and citizens across the board.

Elspeth Guild is Associate Senior Research Fellow at CEPS. Didier Bigo is Director of the Centre d’Etudes sur les Conflits, Liberté et Sécurité (CCLS) and Professor at Sciences-Po Paris and King’s College London. Sergio Carrera is Senior Research Fellow and Head of Justice and Home Affairs Programme, CEPS. This paper was prepared in the context of the SOURCE Network of Excellence, which is financed by the European Union FP7 programme with the aim of creating a robust and sustainable virtual centre of excellence capable of exploring and advancing societal issues in security research and development.