英语的被动语态(英语语法)

Hello!

这里是 Yvonne英语杂记!

今天要分享的是英语“被动语态”

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(1)

英语语法——“被动语态”

语态的分类

主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者

被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者

主动语态:He opened the door.

(主语是人,他打开了门)

被动语态:The door was opened.

(主语是物,门被打开了)

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(2)

语态的分类

被动语态的结构:

① 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are 动词过去分词

例子:

⑴ You are wanted on the phone.

⑵ The room is cleaned every day.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(3)

① 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are 动词过去分词

② 现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are being 动词过去分词

例子:

⑴ My bike is being repaired.

⑵ A new building is being built in our school.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(4)

② 现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are being 动词过去分词

③ 一般过去时的被动语态: was/were 动词过去分词

例子:

⑴ Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.

⑵ The room was cleaned yesterday.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(5)

③ 一般过去时的被动语态: was/were 动词过去分词

④ 一般将来时: will be 动词过去分词

例子:

⑴The problem will be discussed tomorrow.

⑵ Some new factories will be built in our city this year.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(6)

④ 一般将来时:will be 动词过去分词

⑤ 现在完成时: have/ has been 动词过去分词

例子:

⑴ The book has been taken away.

⑵ Your watch has been mended.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(7)

⑤ 现在完成时: have/ has been 动词过去分词

⑥ 过去完成时: had been 动词过去分词

例子:

(1) The book had been borrowed.

(2) My bike had been repaired.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(8)

⑥ 过去完成时: had been 动词过去分词

主动语态变被动语态:

① 主动语态句子的宾语改为被动语态句子的主语

② 主动语态句子的谓语动词改成被动形式

③ 主动语态句子的主语与介词by一起构成短语

例子:

(1)主动语态:Tom makes the cakes.

被动语态:The cakes are made by Tom.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(9)

主动语态变被动语态:

例子:

⑵ 主动语态: Tom will make the cakes.

被动语态:The cakes will be made by Tom.

⑶ 主动语态:They can repair this watch.

被动语态: This watch can be repaired by them.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(10)

被动语态的注意事项:

① 句中含有双宾语, 如 give sb sth./ give sth. to sb时,通常把前面的宾语改为被动句中的主语

例子:

⑴ 主动语态: They give me an apple.

被动语态: I am given an apple by them.

⑵ 主动语态: They give an apple to me.

被动语态: An apple is given to me by them.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(11)

① 句中含有双宾语, 如 give sb sth./ give sth. to sb时,通常把前面的宾语改为被动句中的主语

② 主动句中,谓语是含有介词或副词的动词短语,变为被动句时介词或副词不能省略

例子:

⑴ 主动语态:We often talk with the old politely.

被动语态:The old are often talked with politely by us.

⑵ 主动语态:Parents take good care of their children.

被动语态:Their children are taken good care of by parents.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(12)

② 主动句中,谓语是含有介词或副词的动词短语,变为被动句时介词或副词不能省略

③ 常见的词组有make, have, let, notice. watch, look at, hear listen to,变被动时要加上to

例子:

⑴主动语态:We make the boy stand outside.

被动语态:The boy is made to stand outside by us.

⑵ 主动语态:Mr. Lee see him wash the dishes.

被动语态:He was seen to wash the dishes.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(13)

③ 常见的词组有make, have, let, notice. watch, look at, hear listen to,变被动时要加上to

④ 有些系动词: taste, sound, prove, feel, look, smell, remain appear等,常用主动结构表示被动含义

例子:

⑴ The flower looks ugly.

⑵ The dish smells delicious.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(14)

④ 有些系动词: taste, sound, prove, feel, look, smell, remain appear等,常用主动结构表示被动含义

⑤ need / want / require 动词ing形式表示被动=need / want/ require to be done

例子:

⑴My watch needs repairing. = My watch needs to be repaired.

⑵The house wants painting. = The house wants to be painted.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(15)

⑤ need / want / require 动词ing形式表示被动=need / want/ require to be done

⑥ 某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook, sell, lock, open, shut等,且主语是非生命的名词或代词,用主动结构表被动含义

例子:

⑴ The book sells well.

⑵ The pen writes smoothly.

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(16)

练习

现在一起来完成练习吧!

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(17)

练习题

⑴ D

(关键词:smoking 物体做主语,根据句意,吸烟不被允许,所以用被动语态isn't allowed,所以选D)

⑵ A

(根据句意:Tom被询问为什么迟到,用被动语态was asked,所以选A)

⑶ C

(关键词:next Sunday表示将来时,根据句意,话剧将会在下周被上演,用被动语态will be shown,所以选C)

⑷ C

(根据句意,苹果卖得很好因为看起来很不错,sell和look用主动表示被动,所以选C)

⑸ D

(根据句意,有人在电话上找你,说明你被找,用被动语态,所以选D)

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(18)

练习题答案

继续完成练习吧!

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(19)

练习题

⑹ D

(关键词:yesterday表示过去式,根据句意,一些建议被给到学生,用被动语态,所以选D)

⑺ D

(关键词:根据句意,这个新自行车被作为生日,用被动语态,所以选D)

⑻ C

(关键词:根据句意,这本书被孩子们喜爱,用被动语态,所以选C)

⑼ C

(关键词:next year表示将来时,根据句意,很多老师将会被送到西部地区,用被动语态,所以选C)

⑽ C

(关键词:last Monday表示过去时,根据句意,我的建议被接受了,用被动语态,所以选C)

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(20)

练习题答案

这就是今天分享的英语语法“被动语态”啦!

英语的被动语态(英语语法)(21)

Thank you

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下期见啦!

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