中考英语完形填空和阅读技巧（中考英语完型填空重点）

导读 完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一，失分率较高要做好完形填空，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等基础知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力，下面我们就来聊聊关于中考英语完形填空和阅读技巧?接下来我们就一起去了解一下吧!

中考英语完形填空和阅读技巧

导读

完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一，失分率较高。要做好完形填空，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等基础知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。

完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一，失分率较高。要做好完形填空，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等基础知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。

重点在哪？

1、词汇

完形填空考查的词汇以实词为主——名词、动词、形容词和副词等，比重极大，且有逐年增加的趋势。词汇考查当然也包括短语及一些固定搭配。从近几年北京中考的完形填空中可以看出, 完形填空的考查重理解、轻语法，这也是适应英语学习注重实际应用的要求，所以词汇部分是北京中考英语完形填空考查的重中之重。

2、逻辑

考查对篇章的整体理解、上下文段落的衔接、逻辑思维与判断推理能力。增加了考查连词的题，涉及考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解。选项所在的句子与上下文构成并列、选择、转折、指代、列举、因果、比较、对比、让步、递进等逻辑关系，这些逻辑关系是得出正确答案的重要线索。 常见的表示并列关系的and， 选择关系的or，转折关系的but, however, yet, instead, while，指代关系的do, so, one, ones, this, that, those, he, it, they，等等，它们表明了句子之间的关系，帮助我们选出正确的选项。

3、情感

考查同学们把握作者情感的能力，要从作者的角度想问题，从文章整体把握情感脉络，真正理解了作者所想，才会提高做题的正确率。

难点在哪

1、熟词生义

顾名思义，熟词生义指的是考查熟悉单词的陌生含义。比如2012年北京中考英语完形填空考查了tie这个词，大家都知道tie名词有“领带、联系”的意思，动词是“系、捆绑”的意思，而12年却考了“打成平局”这一生僻含义。再如2014年西城一模考了voice这个词，voice常见的意思是“嗓音”，而考试中却考查了它的动词词义“说出、表达”。还有2015年海淀一模考查了picture这个词，乍一看非常简单，名词是“图画、照片”的意思，但是这么简单的意思肯定不会考，真正考查的是它“想象、描绘”之意。从以上例子中可以看出，同学们平时在背单词时，必须要把一个单词的多种词性和词义都要记牢才行。

2、词义与词形的辨析

主要集中在对实词的考察。选项之间构成同义词、反义词或形近词的关系。有时也借助选项，考查同学们对某些单词词义的精确理解。词义的辨析通常都要通过上下文语义的联系才能得出正确答案，此外对文章主题的把握也是关键。

高频词汇

动词类

1、看”

look看的动作/ see看的结果;watch观察;observe为了研究进行的观察;notice注意;catch sight of看见;stare好奇地看; glare瞪着看;Glance瞅见;glimpse瞥见 see a film;watch TV

2、“说”

telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容; talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流; say sth诉说的内容;speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语;Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事;reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事;Bargain讨价还价;chat聊天;repeat重复;explain解释;warn警告; remind提醒; discuss 讨论;debate辩论;figure指出;declare宣布;claim自称;mention 提起;admit承认;deny 否绝;describe描述; announce公布; introduce介绍;complain抱怨

3、“叫”

cry哭叫;call叫;shout大喊;scream尖叫;moan呻吟;sigh叹气 quarrel大吵

4、“问”

ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达;question审问

5、“答”

answer回答;respond回应(用其他方式回应);reply回复

6、 “听”

listen to听的动作;hear听的结果;pick up收听;overhear无意听到

7、“写”

dictate听写;write sth 写 describe描写;drop a line 写信 draw画

take down/write down写下，记下

8、“拿/放”

take拿走;bring拿来;hold举着;carry扛，挑 (无方向性) fetch拿来拿去;lift举;Put放 lay 铺/放置;pull拉/push推

9、“抓”

take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓;grasp 握住;scratch 抠

10、“打”

hit一次性的打击;beat不间断的打击;strike突然的击打/突然想到;blow吹刮;attack攻击

11 “扔”

throw扔;drop掉 放弃 错过;fall 倒下无意掉下来;wave 招手;shake摇

12 “送”

send寄送; deliver递送;give给;offer 主动给予;see off给某人送行

13“摸/抱”

touch摸 ;fold折叠;embrace拥抱;hug抱;hold 握

14“踢/碰”

kick踢;knock敲;tip 轻敲

15“行”

walk走; run跑; climb爬; jump跳; skip 单腿跳; slip溜; come/go enter进入; move搬迁; drive开车; ride 骑;fly 飞 ; crawl 匍匐前进

16“坐”

sit down / be seated /seat oneself 坐下; take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠

17“睡/休息”

lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest

take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest

18“笑”

smile 微笑(不出声); laugh /burst into laughter / burst out laughing 笑

19“哭”

cry / burst into tears /burst out crying

shed tears 留泪; weep呜咽地哭; sob抽泣;

20“找/查”

find找到; look for正在找过程; find out查明; discover/explore 发现/探索;hunt for / search for / seek / seek for / in search of寻找;Search sb 搜身 ; search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地;Check检查，核实 ; examine 考察发现问题/体检; test检测，检验; inspect视察

21“穿”

put on 动作; wear穿戴; have on试穿; be dressed in 穿的状态; make-up化装; get changed换衣服; be in red;身穿红衣服 take off 脱; remove 去除

22“吃/喝”

eat/drink; sip吮吸; have a meal 吃饭;have supper吃晚饭; toast 喝酒;taste treat sb to请某人吃;help oneself to 随便吃

23“得”

get / obtain/ acquire获得知识和技能;gain/possess

24“失”

lose 丢了; be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见; gone不见(物;) get lost走丢; die off相继死去; die away 逐渐消失

25“有”

have 有; own是自己的 ; conquer征服; occupy占有=possess

26“无”

nothing left; the remaining thing;disappear; be missing /gone丢了，不见了

27“增/减”

rise / go up /drop ; 人主动抬价 raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease

28“买/卖”

buy /purchase / afford / pay / pay off/ pay for / sell / on sale / bargain

Bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts

29“存在/消失”

come into being / exist / appear / survive / live / show / turn up

disappear / die / die out / pass away / be out of sight

30“变化”

develop / improve / become / grow / go bad /wrong/ sour /without( negative adj.)

turn colour

change /change into

reform

31 认识的过程

feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realize

Understand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to

32 成功/失败

make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream win

Lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. Into reality

33 努力

try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do

34 祝贺

congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝 get together 聚会

35 赞美/批评

praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame

criticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb Speak ill of

36 喜/恶

like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off

37 判断

think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt

38 到达

arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for

on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth

39 受伤

hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss

40 损坏

damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash

41修复

repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself

42支持/反对

agree disagree accept receive refuse turn down

be against elect vote for/ against

43 做饭

cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker

44 建议

advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服

45 花费

sth/doing sth cost sb spend in doing sth Sb afford n/to do sth

It take some time/ money/energy to do sth sb pay $ for sth. at one’s expense

46 省/存钱

save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time

47 参加

take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against

48 控告

accuse sb. of charge sb. With

49 救治

help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程 / cure 结果sb. Of sth

Aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth

50 敬佩

admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of

名词类

1、假期

vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off

2、旅游

trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking

3、职务人员

clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess

Assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacher

Conductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard

4、餐馆/定餐/就餐

inn旅店 restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray 茶盘 napkin

5、诊所/看病/服药

clinic hospital take one's temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient

6、车站/机场

airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.

7、身体部位

arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist

8、意志

will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy

9、才能/品质

talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud

Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable

10、优缺点

advantage disadvantage strength weakness

11、目标 aim goal intention purpose belief faith

12、方式 means method way manner approach

13、身体素质 strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight

14、图表 photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图

15、文章 reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志 diary日记 Files form make a list of

16、课堂 class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks

17 、学校活动 match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony

18、 建议/观点 advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation

19 、气候/天气 climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth

20 、交通 by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike give sb. a lift/ride

21 、习惯 habit custom get used to regular有规律的(形容词) practice惯例(名词)

22 、感觉 sight hearing touch smell sense

23、 情感 feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow

24 、财富 money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off

25 、运动比赛 on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/

26 、衣服 clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

27、事件 incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故

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