费用分摊报销英文（英语里的4个花费）

英语里的4个“花费”：cost,pay,spend,take

我们可以从4个角度来辨析记住这4个动词：

1.动词的过去式和过去分词;

2.主语是sb.（某人）还是sth.（某物）；

3.花的是时间还是金钱；

4.基本句型结构。

一、cost-cost-cost,主语是某物或某种活动，主要用于花“金钱”，也可于消耗“时间”。cost不能用于被动语态。常见用法如下：

1.sth. costs ( sb.) 金钱. 某物花了（某人）多少钱？

A new car costs a lot of money.

买一台新车要花费一大笔钱。

2.(doing) sth. costs (sb.) 时间.

某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。

注意：此时cost 的用法跟take一样，更常用take的句型----- (doing) sth. takes (sb.) 时间.

Remember these words cost him much time.

他花了大量的时间才记住了这些单词。

二、pay-paid-paid,主语是sb.,强调支付（钱），基本用法如下：

1.pay 金钱 for sth. 付钱买某物

I have to pay 20 pounds for this room.

我得付20英镑的房租。

2.pay for sth. 付……的钱

I have to pay for the lost book.

我得赔偿丢失的书。

3.pay for sb. 替某人付款

Don’t worry, I’ll pay for you.

别担心，我会替你付钱的。

4.pay sb. ( 金钱) 付钱给某人

They pay us every week.

他们每周给我们报酬。

5.pay off sb’s money 还清钱

He has paid off my money.

他已经把我的钱还清了。

三、spend-spent- spent,主语是sb.，既可花“时间”，也可花“金钱”，基本用法如下：

1.spend 时间/金钱 on sth. 在……上花费时间/金钱

Tony spends 2 hours on his homework every day.

Tony每天要花费两小时做作业。

2.spend 时间/金钱 （in）doing sth.此时介词in可要可不要。

花费时间/金钱做某事

He spent 4500 yuan in buying the big color TV set.

他花了4500元买了那台大彩色电视机。

3.spend 金钱 for sth.

He spent the money for books.

他花那笔钱买书。

四、take-took-taken,后面常跟双宾语，主语是sth.,通常用形式主语it,主要强调花费“时间”，常见用法如下：

1.It takes sb. 时间 to do sth. 其中it是形式主语，to do sth.是真正的主语。

做某事花费某人多少时间。

It took them 3 years to build the park.

他们用了三年时间修建这座公园。

2.doing sth. takes sb. 时间. 做某事花费某人多少时间。

Playing basketball took him 2 hours.

他花了两个小时打篮球。

注意：只有人（sb.）才能P（pay）S（spend）

中考易错题，一次性搞清楚，来一题灭一题：

1. Mr.Li always_____weekends playing with his children.

A. pays B. costs

C. spends D. takes

2. It____her an hour to exercise every day.

A. costs B. spends C. pays D. takes

3. The students_____all day in the park.

A. spent B. cost

C. took D. paid

4. The hair clip______$35, but she has only $20 to_____.

A. spends, spend

B.takes,spend

C.costs, spend

D. costs, pay

5. The apples are $10 and the oranges are $8. So you need_____$18 for them.

A. take B. pay

C. spend D. cost

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