关于nothing的用法（详解nothing与none的用法区别）

一、1、none1)可与of连用；2)谓语动词用单或复数；3)具体指什么人或物；4)一般用来回答how many n,how much n及含any n引起的疑问句。请看： 1)None of us have/has seen him.2)——How many students are there in the room? ——None.3)——Is there any water in the thermos? ——None.4)——How much money do you have on you? ——None.2、nothing1)指物；2)谓语用单数；3)一般用来回答含anything的一般问句及what引起的特殊问句。请看： 1)——What is in the box? ——Nothing.2)——Is there anything in the sky? ——Nothing.3)——Can you see anything without glasses? ——Nothing先请看下面一道题:I want some coffee, but there is _______ in the pot.A. no one B. something C. none D. nothing很多人选了D,而正确答案却是C。出现错误的原因是弄不清none与nothing的区别。现请看:1) none = not any, not one 一点也没有；一个也没有，即数量概念。既可指人，也可指物，代指上文提到的事物，含特指概念。如:He wants me to lend him some money, but I have none at hand.他想要我借些钱给他,但我现在手头上一个子儿也没有。（特指前面提到的钱）They asked for nine books, but there is / are none in the library atpresent. 他们需要九本书,但目前图书馆一本都没有。（特指前面提到的书）2) nothing = not anything, 意为"没有任何东西;什么也没有"，强调内容，只能指物，泛指。如:He felt hungry, but he could find nothing to eat in the kitchen.他饿了,但在厨房里他没有找到吃的东西。（泛指所有吃的东西，不是特指某一种）Nothing in the world is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事,只怕有心人。二、 none与no one 的用法比较:1) none作代词时,可以指人,是"一个人也没有"的意思。如:The war broke out. All the people felt frightened but none had left there. 战争爆发后，人们很惶恐但是没有一个人人离开那儿。另外,none后常接of短语,of后可接复数可数名词或代词,作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可;of后也可接不可数名词,这时谓语动词必须用单数形式。如:Sorry, but none of us speaks/ speak English. 抱歉!我们没有一个人讲英语。None of the money on the desk is mine. 桌上的那些钱都不是我的。注意:none指的是三者或三者以上的人或物中"没有一个";如果指两者中"没有一个"应用neither。请比较:There are many apples in the basket, but none of them are fresh.篮子里有很多苹果,但没有一个是新鲜的。There are two apples on the plate, but neither of them is fresh.盘子里有两个苹果,但没有一个是新鲜的。2) no one= nobody 只指人,“没有人”，不能指物,语气比none强,后面不能接of构成的短语。no one作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数。如:No one / Nobody likes a person with bad manners. 没有人喜欢不讲礼貌的人。三、用于简略回答时,none用来回答How many... 或How much....引起的问句以及含"any (one) of 名词"构成的一般疑问句;no one/ nobody用来回答 Who...问句及含anyone/anybody构成的一般疑问句;而nothing则用来回答What...问句及含anything构成的一般疑问句。如:① - How much water is there in the bottle? - None.② - What's in your hand? - Nothing.③ - Who will go to the party? - No one/ Nobody.④ - Did any one of the passengers get injured in the accident? - No, none was injured.⑤ - Do you have anything else to say for yourself? - No, nothing else.⑥ - Did anyone want to attend the meeting? - No, no one/ nobody wanted to.

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