英语语法名词的用法（英语基础语法之）

今天我们来一起学习英语基础语法中的名词的种类，我来为大家科普一下关于英语语法名词的用法?下面希望有你要的答案，我们一起来看看吧!

英语语法名词的用法

今天我们来一起学习英语基础语法中的名词的种类。

名词是英语口语中一个重要的部分，可能仅次于动词。不使用一个名词而去说话是很难的。

Nouns are an important part of speech in English, probably second only to verbs. It is difficult to say much without using a noun.

这里有一些不同类型的英语名词，这对于去辨认一个名词是什么类型是很有帮助的，因为不同类型的名词有时候有不同的规则，这将你去正确地使用它们。

There are several different types of English nouns. It is often useful to recognize what type a noun is because different types sometimes have different rules. This helps you to use them correctly.

01 普通名词和专有名词(Common Nouns and Proper Nouns)

1 普通名词（Common Nouns）

大部分名词是普通名词，普通名词涉及人，地点和一般像chair或dog之类的事物，任一名词不是一个名字就是一个普通名词。

Most nouns are common nouns. Common nouns refer to people, places and things in general like chair or dog. Any noun that is not a name is a common noun.

举个栗子：teacher, car, music, danger, receipt

Have you seen my dog?

The books are on your desk.

...the pursuit of happiness.

2 专有名词（Proper Nouns）

人、地点、组织的名字是专有名词，你的名字是一个专有名词，伦敦是一个专有名词，联合国是一个专有名词。

规则：专有名词总是以一个大写字母开头。

（Rule: Proper nouns always start with a capital letter.）

举个栗子：Jane, Thailand, Sunday, James Bond, Einstein, Superman, Game of Thrones, Shakespeare

Let me introduce you to Mary.

The capital of Italy is Rome.

He is the chairman of the British Broadcasting Corporation.

I was born in November.

注意：那些我们从专有名词组成的形容词也通常以大写字母开头，例如Shakespearian, Orwellian。

Note: Adjectives that we make from proper nouns also usually start with a capital letter, for example Shakespearian, Orwellian.

02 具体名词和抽象名词（Concrete Nouns and Abstract Nouns）

1 具体名词（Concrete Nouns）

具体名词是那些你能触摸到的物质上的东西。

Concrete nouns are physical things that you can touch.

举个栗子：

man, rice, head, car, furniture, mobile phone

How many stars are there in the universe?

Have you met James Bond?

Pour the water down the drain.

2 抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）

抽象名词是具体名词的对立面，它们是一些你无法触摸到的东西。抽象名词有想法、概念和感觉。

Abstract nouns are the opposite of concrete nouns. They are things that you cannot touch. Abstract nouns are ideas, concepts and feelings.

例如：happiness, courage, danger, truth

He has great strength.

Who killed President Kennedy is a real mystery.

Sometimes it takes courage to tell the truth.

Their lives were full of sadness.

03 可数名词和不可数名词（Countable Nouns and Uncountable Nouns）

1 可数名词（Countable Nouns, (also called count nouns）

你能数可数名词，可数名词有单数和复数形式。

You can count countable nouns.

Countable nouns have singular and plural forms.

举个栗子：

ball, boy, cat, person

I have only five dollars.

The Earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago.

There are lots of people but we don't have a car.

2 不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns , also called mass nouns）

你不能数不可数名词，你需要去使用量词去量化它们。

You cannot count uncountable nouns.

You need to use "measure words" to quantify them.

规则：我们不能使用不定冠词（a/an）跟不可数名词，不可数名词总是单数形式的。

Rule: We never use uncountable nouns with the indefinite article (a/an).

Uncountable nouns are always singular.

举个栗子：

water, happiness, cheese

Have you got some money?

Air-conditioners use a lot of electricity.

Do you have any work for me to do?

Many Asians eat rice.

04 集合名词（Collective Nouns）

一个集体名词是指一组个体。

A collective noun denotes a group of individuals.

举个栗子：

class (group of students), pride (group of lions), crew (group of sailors)

规则：集合名词可以视为单数或者复数。

Rule: Collective nouns can be treated as singular or plural.

His family live in different countries.

An average family consists of four people.

The new company is the result of a merger.

The board of directors will meet tomorrow.

05 复合名词（Compound Nouns）

复合名词是由两个或者两个以上单词组成。大多数复合名词由｛名词 名词｝或者｛形容词 名词｝组成。每个复合名词都充当一个单位，可以由形容词或者其它名词修饰。

A compound noun is a noun that is made with two or more words. Most compound nouns are {noun noun} or {adjective noun}. Each compound noun acts as a single unit and can be modified by adjectives and other nouns.

复合名词有三种不同的形式：

1.空格：单词之间的空格，如bus stop

open or spaced - space between words (bus stop)

2.连字符：连接两个单词中间的连字符，如：mother-in-law

hyphenated - hyphen between words (mother-in-law)

3.封闭的或者实心的：单词之间没有空格或者连字符，如football

closed or solid - no space or hyphen between words (football)

举个栗子：

cat food, blackboard, breakfast, full moon, washing machine, software

Can we use the swimming pool?

They stop work at sunset.

Don't forget that check-out is at 12 noon.

总结

一般名词：一般物的统称

专有名词：有名字的地方人，首字母大写

由专有名词变成的形容词首字母也要大写

具体名词：可以触摸到的

抽象名词：不能触摸的，感觉想法观点等

可数名词：有单复数形式

不可数名词：必须用一些测量词去形容，前面不加限定词，一般都是单数形式

集合名词：代表一组个体，可以有单复数

复合名词：由两个或以上单词组成

名➕名，形容词➕名

每一组复合名词看作一个个体

今天分享到此为止，至此英语12种时态已全部学完，

下一期将继续学习并分享更多关于英语形容词的学习知识，

有兴趣的同学可关注本公众号【SunsetDiary】共同学习成长

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