2022高考英语知识点之介词（高考英语阅读理解的猜词题之虚词）

学生做英语阅读时往往很怕遇到生词。但遇到生词又是很普遍的，第一是有些文章的主题就是介绍新事物，而这个新事物是学生未曾接触过的，自然感到陌生；第二是学生平时掌握的基本是熟词熟义，而有些文章涉及到了熟词生义；第三是学生在背高考范围内的3500词时掌握不够扎实。

生词如此普遍，高考英语也有对应的猜词题。那么，就要考虑如何通过各种技巧来攻克猜词题，甚至把这些猜词技巧推广到其它生词。

猜词题可以划分为两大类，实词和虚词。实词包含几个小类，分别是单词、短语、句子（短句为主）。虚词通常为代词。

本文主要介绍虚词。近年来考虚词的频率较低。

如下：

What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Jazz becoming more accessible.

B．The production of jazz growing faster.

C．Jazz being less popular with the young.

D．The jazz audience becoming larger.

题干问的是第3段的that指代什么。原文第2、3段如下：

Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.

It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.

由于第3段的that出现在首句，因此有必要再往前看看第2段在讲什么。原文第2段讲的是美国的爵士音乐受众持续缩小、变老，这种音乐没能与年轻观众产生连接。第3段首句说Moran的工作就是改变这种现状。因此that指的就是爵士音乐的发展困境，因此C选项爵士音乐在年轻人中越来越不流行是符合的。这几段话未提到A选项的渠道、B选项的生产，而D选项受众扩大正好与原文意思相反。

如下：

What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A.Their belief.

B.Their care for children.

C.Their success.

D.Their support for each other.

题干问的是第3段的that指代什么。原文第3段如下：

We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back - he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.

原文讲了作者与Paul的情缘，首句提到二人有共同的信仰。that所在句又再此提到sharing，因此二人分享的是belief信仰。

Paul的公益项目是照顾儿童，但这并不是二人都去做的事情。同时，二人并不是一起工作，没有共享成功。因此B选项、C选项均不符合。

对彼此的支持也不属于一个可以“分享”的对象，因此D选项也不符合。

考生如果能紧扣sharing that，考虑一下that指代的对象应该能和share搭配，那么此题不难解出。

大家在留言区写下自己的答案吧！

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试3卷B篇第6题

The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty's ________.

A. readers

B. parties

C. friends

D. stories

原文第6段如下：

“My friend said: ‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them．’”